Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lung transplantation is now an accepted modality for treating end-stage lung disease. To better understand the factors limiting the survival of these patients, we reviewed the autopsy findings in 37 patients who received lung transplants. Between 1986 and 1995, 131 patients have undergone lung transplantation at our institution, including 4 patients with repeat transplantations. Of these, 48 (36.6%) died, 37 (77%) of whom had an autopsy. The autopsied patients were divided into three groups on the basis of post-transplantation interval: early (< 30 d), intermediate (31-365 d), and late (> 365 d). Of the 12 patients in the early group, 6 died of intra- and postoperative complications and 6 of bacterial infection with pneumonia in the transplanted lung. There were 18 patients in the intermediate group, of whom 11 died of infection (5 of cytomegalovirus, 5 of nonviral infections of the transplanted lung, and 1 of encephalomyelitis), 3 of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder, 3 of chronic airway rejection, and one of unrelated cause. Of the seven patients in the late group, four died of chronic airway rejection, two of unrelated causes, and one of bacterial infection. Native lungs examined in 23 patients showed, in addition to the primary disease, bacterial pneumonia in 5, post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder in 3, cytomegalovirus in 2, and aspergillosis in 1. In this series of 37 autopsied patients, chronic rejection was the cause of death in 7 and was concomitantly seen in 3 patients (27%). In summary, the most common cause of death was infection (48%), followed by chronic rejection (19%), surgical complications (19%), post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (7%), and unrelated causes (7%); rejection was not a major cause of death in the early and intermediate post-transplantation periods; in 30% of native lungs, significant pathologic findings were present in addition to the primary disease; and in the intermediate post-transplantation period, significant left ventricular hypertrophy occurred, which may be attributable to cyclosporine-induced hypertension but which needs to be further studied.
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PMID:Postmortem findings in lung transplant recipients. 883 58

Intracranial aspergillosis is a rare pathologic condition, difficult to treat and often fatal which generally affects immunocompromised hosts. High-dose steroid therapy represents a risk factor for opportunistic infections. We report a case of fatal brain abscess in an immunocompetent patient with a previous diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in whom a high-dose steroid course has probably contributed to the development of the fungal infection. Despite steroids' relative safety, clinicians must remain alert to potential fatal complication that could arise from their use.
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PMID:Fatal Aspergillus brain abscess in immunocompetent patient. 1932 41

This study describes a series of cases and reviews the literature on cases of ring lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging to better appreciate the spectrum of disease associated with this neuroimaging finding. We retrospectively reviewed the MR studies of 15 patients with ring pattern lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging from an inpatient Neurology service of a tertiary care center seen over a ten-year period, and reviewed cases in the literature. Thirty-one cases, including 15 new patients, comprise the study group. Immunocompromised patients accounted for 38% of patients with ring lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging with cerebral aspergillosis in five patients, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in three, primary CNS lymphoma in two, cerebral toxoplasmosis in one, and resolving cerebral hematoma in one. In the immunocompetent group demyelinating lesions including multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Balo's concentric sclerosis and acute necrotizing encephalitis, were seen in 11 patients, vascular etiology in four and neoplastic in three patients, two primary and one metastatic and pyogenic brain abscess in one. Ring lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging are associated with a spectrum of disease not previously considered. Immunocompromised patients accounted for almost one-half while demyelinating conditions in the immunocompetent patients were most common overall.
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PMID:The etiology of ring lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging. 2497 94