Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eruptive herpes zoster infection (VZV) and its primary and secondary diseases are reported in 28 patients aged between 25 and 85 years. In 2 cases, malignant primary diseases were found. In 16 patients, a disorder of glucose utilization was diagnosed, 8 of them accompanied by a disorder of fat metabolism and 5 by a hyperuricemia. In one case a severe encephalomyelitis was observed. In 2 patients the activation of the VZV infection was related to the cytostatic or immunosuppressive therapy of a generalized Hodgkin's disease and a multiple sclerosis. Once a liver abscess as a sequel to amebic dysentery was diagnosed and once a megaloplastic anemia with symptoms of a funicular myelopathy following a vitamin B12 deficiency syndrome. In VZV infection the search for basal metabolic disorders is of particular importance.
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PMID:[Significance of diabetes mellitus in the activation of the varicella zoster virus (author's transl)]. 19 45

Donkeys experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei showed dullness, weakness, fever, inappetence, conjunctivitis, tachycardia and polydyspnoea soon after detectable parasitaemia. The parasitaemia was generally low with transient high peaks except in the terminal stage when there was sustained high parasitaemia. A moderate anaemia was present as from the second week of infection but it was not progressive. There was a marked leucopoenia within 24 h of patent parasitaemia. Death occurred 2 to 2 1/2 months after infection and at necropsy there was severe emaciation as well as mild serous effusion. Histologically, there was a nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis, cranial neuritis, extensive haemosiderosis, hyperplasia of follicles in lymph nodes and spleen and giant cell reaction in lymph nodes. Trypanosomes were present in the cerebrospinal fluid, the eye and serous effusions. These observations are similar to those previously reported in other animals infected with T. brucei.
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PMID:Clinical, haematological and pathological studies in donkeys experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei. 90 95

Six 34- to 42-day-old lambs raised in coccidia-free conditions were inoculated with 70,000 sporocysts derived from sheep heart with microscopic sarcocysts. Fever and mild anorexia occurred between 25 and 33 days after inoculation. A transient anaemia was most marked 32 days after inoculation. Lambs were killed and examined 14, 25, 33, 42, 60 and 81 days after inoculation. Gross lesions were absent. First and second generation meronts were present in endothelial cells at 25 and 33 days after inoculation. Meronts were most numerous in kidney glomeruli. Developing sarcocysts were rare at 42 days after inoculation. Sarcocysts with a primary cyst wall 2 to 3 micron thick composed of palisade projections were common at 60 and 81 days after inoculation in striated muscle and brain. Mild to severe striated muscle myositis and non-suppurative encephalitis or encephalomyelitis with glial nodules were observed 25 to 81 days after inoculation. Sarcocyst frequency varied considerably; it was highest in myocardium, M vastus intermedius, M vastus medialis, M extensor carpi radialis and tongue muscle and was lowest in M masseter.
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PMID:Experimental microcyst sarcocystis infection in lambs: pathology. 310 Dec 71

A middle-aged woman had five discrete episodes of herpes zoster. The first attack consisted of uncomplicated herpes zoster ophthalmicus. The subsequent four episodes involved thoracic, cervical, and finally sacral dermatomes and were complicated by myelitis or encephalomyelitis. During the most recent attack, while she was receiving corticosteroids, varicella-zoster virus was cultured from the CSF. In addition, the patient had strong evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus, with a history of Raynaud's phenomenon, migratory arthralgia, and unexplained anemia before the first attack of zoster with subsequent development of a positive lupus cell preparation and elevated antinuclear antibody levels.
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PMID:Recurrent herpes zoster encephalitis. A complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. 625 12

Clinical sarcocystosis was studied in 37 goats after inoculation with graded doses of sporocysts of Sarcocystis capracanis. Eight uninoculated goats served as controls. Clinical response varied with the dose. Goats inoculated with 10-40 million sporocysts died between 11 and 13 days after inoculation (DAI), from interstitial pneumonia, vasculitis, and necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes. All goats inoculated with 100,000 or 1 million sporocysts died between 19 and 23 DAI; clinical signs were anorexia, fever (40-41 C), anemia, and weight loss. Four of 4 goats inoculated with 50,000 sporocysts and 1 of 4 inoculated with 10,000 sporocysts died 24, 28, 39, 68, and 61 DAI, respectively. Goats inoculated with 1,000 sporocysts and uninoculated goats remained clinically normal. After day 18 and before day 68, packed cell volume and hemoglobin content decreased to as low as 11% and 3.6 g/dl, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities were inconsistently increased. Blood urea nitrogen and bilirubin values were increased, reaching as high as 63 mg/dl and 10 mg/dl, respectively. Histologically, thymic atrophy, vasculitis, hepatitis, cholangitis, myocarditis, generalized myositis, and encephalomyelitis were the main microscopic findings. The cause of the anemia in goats that died after day 19 was not determined.
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PMID:Sarcocystosis in goats: clinical signs and pathologic and hematologic findings. 678 65

In 4 horses with equine infectious anemia (EIA), the predominant clinical sign was ataxia. Other clinical and laboratory findings often associated with EIA included weight loss, anemia, pyrexia, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhages, hypergammaglobulinemia, and high activity of biliary epithelial enzymes. Neuropathologic findings were nonsuppurative granulomatous ependymitis, meningitis, and encephalomyelitis and plasmacytic-lymphocytic infiltration of the brain and spinal cord. The onset of neurologic signs corresponded to the acute stage of infection in at least 2 horses, and the signs developed at least 18 months after infection in 1 case. Cerebrospinal fluid from 3 of the horses contained high concentration of protein and white cells, although changes in 1 horse may have been associated with a prior traumatic attempt to collect CSF. By comparison, CSF from 3 ponies inapparently infected with EIA was normal. Active production of anti-EIA antibody in the CSF was suspected on the basis of serologic findings.
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PMID:Ataxia in four horses with equine infectious anemia. 705 76

An age-related canine distemper virus-associated cardiomyopathy characterized by multifocal myocardial degeneration necrosis and mineralization with minimal inflammatory cell response was found in gnotobiotic Beagle pups. Of the 30 dogs infected experimentally at 5 to 7 days of age with virulent R252 strain of canine distemper virus, 11 had gross or microscopic cardiac involvement as early as 16 days post-infection. The 25 dogs similarly infected at 10 to 21 days of age, the uninfected age-matched controls, and pups infected at 5 to 7 days of age with avirulent R252 canine distemper virus had no cardiac lesions. Although the lesions are attributed to a direct viral effect, they occur against a background of other canine distemper virus-related changes including immunosuppression, anemia and encephalomyelitis. All these factors may have a modifying role in the development of this age dependent susceptibility to virus-associated myocardial necrosis.
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PMID:Canine distemper virus-associated cardiac necrosis in the dog. 725 89

Oral administration of ethyl O-[N-(p-carboxyphenyl-carbamoyl]-mycophenolate (CAM), a derivative of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, dose-dependently suppressed acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats without exerting any serious adverse effects. A daily dose of 50 mg/kg of CAM almost completely abolished both the clinical disease and the inflammation in the CNS. In the CAM-treated rats, a weight loss and fluctuations of peripheral lymphocyte subsets were minimized. The CAM treatment was effective when started at the time of sensitization but ineffective when deferred till day 10. Furthermore, CAM reduced the percentage of CD4+CD45RC- cells in the peripheral blood. The only detectable adverse effect was moderate anemia but it was rapidly improved after withdrawal of the drug. This drug could be a useful adjunct for the long-term immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory diseases of the CNS.
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PMID:Suppression of acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats with a mycophenolic acid derivative. 936 4

At present Denmark has the status of a 'non-vaccinating' country for Newcastle disease and its poultry population should therefore be free of antibodies to avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1). Three live avian vaccines against infectious bronchitis, avian encephalomyelitis, and chick anaemia which had been found to be contaminated with APMV-1 viruses of low virulence for chickens were examined. The vaccines were produced by the same company and the affected batches had been used in Denmark in 1996/97. Furthermore, APMV-1 isolates of low virulence were obtained from three commercial broiler breeder flocks, one of which had been vaccinated with two of the contaminated vaccines. The flocks belonged to the same hatchery organisation. A comparison of viral F0 gene sequences and typing of virus isolates with a panel of monoclonal antibodies showed that the vaccine and field isolates were identical.
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PMID:Similarity of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 isolates of low virulence for chickens obtained from contaminated poultry vaccines and from poultry flocks. 1088 55

Injectable gallium (Ga) nitrate, approved in the United States for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, has been known for more than 2 decades to have immunosuppressive properties. At therapeutic doses, it has few adverse effects, although high-dose infusions may result in severe nephrotoxicity, particularly in patients who are not adequately hydrated, and severe anemia. In animal models, Ga has been shown to have efficacy in the treatment of adjuvant arthritis, type 1 diabetes, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, experimental pulmonary inflammation, cardiac allograft rejection, experimental autoimmune uveitis, endotoxic shock, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy in Paget's disease of bone and activity against some malignancies, including epithelial ovarian carcinoma, non-squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, bladder cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Other clinical trials underway include studies of sarcoidosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Future studies should be conducted not only in other autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, but also in graft-versus-host disease, leprosy, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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PMID:Therapeutic uses of gallium nitrate: past, present, and future. 1132 18


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