Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Encephalitogenic protein fraction (BEC) was isolated from bovine brain tissue by extraction with salt-ethanol mixture at neutral pH, instead of employing dilute mineral acid. The fraction BEC was separated into two fractions. An acid-soluble protein was encephalitogenic and the major component was very alike to the basic protein of myelin (Al). The other was acid-insoluble acidic protein that was not encephalitogenic even at a dose of 100 mug. The acidic protein formed an insoluble complex with Al rotein which was purified by Eylar's method. Encephalitogenic activity of the complex was higher than Al protein in young guinea pigs when injected with complete Freund's adjuvant.However, this enhancement of encephalitogenic activity was not observed in aged guinea pigs. The complex showed higher blastogenic activity than Al protein alone with peripheral blood lymphocytes from guinea pigs immunized with Al protein and complete Freund's adjuvant. These results show that an adjuvant-like acidic protein is present in brain tissue and the complex with Al protein enhances the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE).
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PMID:Enhancement of encephalitogenic activity by the formation of myelin basic protein-brain acidic protein complex. 5 52

A case of paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis and subacute pandysautonomia associated with an occult atypical carcinoid tumour of the lung is described. The main clinical features were lethargy, impaired memory, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension. Neurological investigation was unremarkable except for mononuclear pleocytosis and increased protein level in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Tests of autonomic function revealed a low plasma norepinephrine level, a marked drop of blood pressure (BP) to vertical tilt and Valsalva maneuver, and a marked rise of BP to dilute norepinephrine infusion. A few days prior to death, the patient became hypothermic and had repeated episodes of respiratory arrest associated with transient atrioventricular block on the electrocardiogram (ECG). A polysomnographic study confirmed a sleep apnea syndrome. Autopsy revealed an atypical carcinoid tumour in one tracheobronchial lymph node, widespread lymphocytic infiltrates and loss of neurons in the cerebral, cerebellar and brainstem grey matter, the spinal cord and roots, and the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia as well as microglial and astrocytic proliferation in the central nervous system.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis and subacute dysautonomia due to an occult atypical carcinoid tumour of the lung. 220 90

The rate of (35)S incorporation into cerebroside sulfate in cultures of embryo mouse spinal cord shows a rapid acceleration at the time of myelin formation. Exposure of cultures to dilute serum from rabbits with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis results in almost complete inhibition of sulfatide synthesis. Within 24 hours after replacement of inhibiting medium with normal medium there is an increase in sulfatide synthesis followed by myelination.
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PMID:Sulfatide synthesis: inhibition by experimental allergic encephalomyelitis serum. 500 38

The intradermal injection of aqueous solutions of certain homologous neural proteins will suppress the encephalomyelitis which is induced in guinea pigs by the previous injection of whole homologous brain with Freund's adjuvants. These neural proteins extracted by dilute acid from defatted guinea pig brain are themselves highly encephalitogenic when injected with adjuvants, but the specificity of this suppression for encephalitogenic as compared to non-encephalitogenic extracts remains to be proven. Suppression is probably not due to a non-specific stress reaction, as indicated by the absence of suppression by intradermal injections of alcohol and by statistically insignificant and inconstant effects of similar injections of tuberculin.
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PMID:Suppression of experimental "allergic" encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs by encephalitogenic proteins extracted from homologous brain. 1383 Dec 67

A relatively simple preparation of guinea pig brain myelin, free of gross contamination by other cellular elements has been described. Electron microscopic evidence of the predominance of membranous (lamellar) forms was used as the criterion of purity of this fraction. The slight mitochondrial contamination of the myelin fraction was confirmed by its low succinic dehydrogenase activity. Quantitative bio-assay of the encephalitogenic activity of myelin showed it to have a higher specific activity than whole guinea pig brain. The low encephalomyelitic activity of the other subcellular constituents (nuclei and mitochondria) which were removed from myelin by ultracentrifugation in 30 per cent sucrose could be explained by a small amount of myelin contamination. A basic protein of high specific encephalitogenic activity has been isolated from myelin by methods previously applied to whole brain. Although the protein is similar to nuclear histones, the following facts point to certain significant differences. Nuclei prepared by a different procedure from the one developed for the isolation of myelin were found to be non-encephalitogenic. Although basic protein could be extracted readily from these nuclei by dilute HCl, the same extraction procedure yielded little extractable protein from whole myelin. Myelin which had been defatted by cold chloroform-methanol yielded a basic protein which was highly encephalitogenic. The evidence presented thus supports the view that there exists in myelin a new basic protein responsible for the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, which is distinctly different from nuclear histones. The possible relationship of this protein to myelin structure and function has been discussed.
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PMID:The encephalomyelitic activity of myelin isolated by ultracentrifugation. 1446 Dec 28

There is an ongoing need to eradicate intercurrent disease from research mouse colonies. Commonly used surgical methods, however, are expensive and time-consuming. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of litters that could be rederived from infected mouse colonies by neonatal transfer. We immersed neonatal mice in a dilute iodine solution and transferred them to disease-free foster mothers within 48 h of birth. Donor and foster mothers were evaluated for pathogens by serology and fecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Of 55 donor mothers, 100% were positive serologically and 59% were positive by fecal PCR for one or more tested organisms, including mouse hepatitis virus, Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, mouse rotavirus, and Helicobacter hepaticus. At 4 to 6 weeks after neonatal transfer, 95% of foster mothers (which served as sentinels for the transferred pups) tested free of pathogens, the exceptions being one case of mouse parvovirus 1 and two of Helicobacter spp. We suggest that cross-fostering is a viable low-cost method for rederivation of mouse colonies contaminated with pathogens such as mouse hepatitis virus, Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, mouse rotavirus, and H. hepaticus.
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PMID:Successful rederivation of contaminated immunocompetent mice using neonatal transfer with iodine immersion. 1627 Sep 4

Field studies were carried out in four Florida counties to investigate winter and spring ecology of host use by Culiseta melanura (Coquillet), the primary vector of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus (EEEV) in North America. Bloodmeal analysis by PCR was used to identify 233 host bloodmeals, which mainly originated from birds (78.5%) and reptiles (17.2%), primarily Anolis spp. lizards. Across counties, the percentage of bloodmeals from reptiles (7-37% depending upon county) increased with increasing day length and temperature in the spring. Multiple logistic regression revealed that differences in reptile host use across collection sites were largely explained by differences in average day length and temperature on the day of collection, and is probably owing to environment-driven behavioral patterns of ectothermic animals. Although past studies have demonstrated reptile biting by epizootic vectors of EEEV, including Culex (Melanoconion) spp., this is the first study to demonstrate widespread and common feeding upon ectothermic hosts by Cs. melanura. This work suggests that reptiles, particularly anole lizards, play a role in the ecology of EEEV in Florida either as amplifying hosts or as noncompetent hosts which dilute vector feedings thereby suppressing transmission. Detailed laboratory studies investigating impacts of environmental variables (temperature and photoperiod) on EEEV competence of anoles are needed to assess whether these animals support virus amplification.
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PMID:Environmental Drivers of Seasonal Patterns of Host Utilization by Culiseta melanura (Diptera: Culicidae) in Florida. 2887 17