Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma cell leukemia is a rare disorder with poor prognosis. We present a case of non-secretory primary plasma cell leukemia (Bence-Jones kappa type), which was treated successfully by VEP-IFN-alpha therapy. A 82-year old man was admitted to Kanazawa Medical University in May 1991, because of emaciation and dehydration. Clinical findings showed decreased level of gamma-globulin (IgG, IgA and IgM were all decreased markedly), hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction and increased serum beta-2 microglobulin. The peripheral blood leukocyte count was 30,100/microliters with 64% plasma cells, and 80.4% plasma cells were also observed in the bone marrow. Only light chain-kappa was detected in plasma cells by an immunohistochemical staining method, but immunoelectrophoresis showed no M-bow either in serum or urine. Electron microscopy revealed typical plasma cells with prominently developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. From these results, the diagnosis of non-secretory primary plasma cell leukemia was established. He was treated with VEP-IFN-alpha regimen, and plasma cells decreased markedly in both peripheral blood and bone marrow. Serum immunoglobulin recovered to within the normal range. After 6 courses of VEP-IFN-alpha, complete remission was achieved and the remission was maintained until he died of an unrelated event, bronchial obstruction due to misswallowing, in April 1992.
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PMID:[Successful VEP-IFN-alpha therapy in a case of non-secretory plasma cell leukemia (BJ-kappa type)]. 807 91

Pathomorphologic studies were carried out on three cases of bovine diabetes mellitus with clinical signs of polydipsia, polyuria, severe emaciation, glycosuria, persistent hyperglycemia, and decreased glucose tolerance. At necropsy, two animals had atrophy of the pancreas, whereas other visceral organs, including the endocrine organs, showed no significant changes. Microscopically, there was atrophy and reduced numbers of pancreatic islets accompanied by interlobular and interacinar fibrosis and compensatory enlargement of some remaining islets. Lymphocytes were observed commonly around and within atrophic islets and occasionally around and within enlarged islets. Vacuolar degeneration with occasional accumulation of glycogen granules was observed in the beta-cells of these enlarged islets. Immunohistochemical studies of atrophic islets demonstrated complete loss of beta-cells or only a few small beta-cells. There also was a corresponding decrease in the number of cells that stained with anti-glucagon (alpha-cells) or anti-somatostatin (delta-cells) antibodies. The vacuolated cells in the enlarged islets stained strongly with anti-insulin antibody (beta-cells). Ultrastructurally, the majority of cells in the atrophic islets had reduced cytoplasmic volume and few secretory granules, features consistent with alpha-cells. In contrast, enlarged islets that had prominent immunohistochemical staining for insulin (beta-cells) consisted of beta-cells with cytosolic edema, mitochondrial swelling, dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and reduced numbers of or degranulated secretory granules. These pathomorphologic features found in cattle are similar to those found in juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in human beings and suggest autoimmune involvement in diabetes.
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PMID:Spontaneous diabetes mellitus in young cattle: histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies of the islets of Langerhans. 844 27

The pathology and morphology of Ichthyophonus hoferi was studied in naturally infected Atlantic herring Clupea harengus, in sprat Sprattus sprattus, and in flounder Pleuronectes flesus from the west coast of Sweden. The pathogen was found in all organs examined, with the intensity of infection varying in different organs of the different fish species. Two main phases in the life of infecting parasites were identified, 'active' and 'passive', the latter being able to switch to active. The active phase of the infection in herring was usually accompanied by a lean and slender appearance of the body, a drastic decrease in intestinal fat, emaciation of the somatic muscles, swelling of the visceral organs, poor quality of flesh texture and a distinctive off-odour. The most characteristic macroscopic sign of ichthyophonosis in herring and flounder was the occurrence of creamy white nodules on the heart. The infection causes a chronic systemic granulomatous inflammation. The nature of the granulomatous inflammation was host- and tissue-dependent. The pathogenicity of the parasite in its active form and the side effects of host defence cells were also reflected in dramatic tissue damage and loss of structure and function of the infected organs. Three kinds of spores were identified: 'un-developing spore', 'developing spore' and 'plasmodio-spore'. The formation and spread of 'plasmodia', from plasmodio-spores, as a secondary infection agent is documented. Transmission electron microscopy revealed I. hoferi to be multinucleated, containing different organelles and structures. These included a cell wall, an undulating cell membrane, a thin paramural endoplasm, an endoplasmic reticulum, polymorphic but usually spherical mitochondria with short tubulo-vesicular cristae, dictyosomes with plate-like cristernae, large electron-dense lipid droplets and electron-lucid vacuoles, probably containing glycogen.
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PMID:Pathology and morphology of Ichthyophonus hoferi in naturally infected fishes off the Swedish west coast. 982 6

A 10-year-old male aardwolf (Proteles cristatus) was presented abdominal distention and emaciation for 3 months. Physical examination revealed firm abdominal masses with effusions. Cytologic assessment of the effusion showed uniform round tumor cells with a surface brush border. Necropsy showed white velvety masses covering the peritoneal surface of the liver, gall bladder, stomach, omentum, mesentery, spleen, intestine, abdominal wall and diaphragm. Histologic examination demonstrated papillary projections, lined with cuboidal tumor cells supported by fibrous connective tissue cores, arising from the serosa of visceral organs. Cytoplasmic vacuolation and a surface brush border were evident on some cells under light microscopy. Tumor cells stained positive for both cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and vimentin. Electron microscopy showed prominent surface microvilli, rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and desmosomes in tumor cells. This may be the first reported case of peritoneal mesothelioma in a captive wild aardwolf.
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PMID:A peritoneal mesothelioma in a captive aardwolf (Proteles cristatus). 1148 Jul 76