Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The successful use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for a patient in catatonic stupor with joint contracture is reported. A 53-year-old woman, who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia, developed a catatonic stupor unresponsive to neuroleptics. Physical emaciation gradually developed under food refusal and poor nutrition. Joint contracture of her extremities resulted from the long period of being bedridden in the same posture. In this case, modified ECT was dramatically effective for catatonic stupor without any complication despite the joint contracture.
Convuls Ther 1995 Sep
PMID:Electroconvulsive therapy for a schizophrenic patient in catatonic stupor with joint contracture. 852 67

Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD-Ia) (von Gierke's disease) was identified in two 47-day-old littermate Maltese puppies. The puppies were presented for necropsy with a history of failure to thrive, mental depression, and poor body condition. Gross findings included small body size and emaciation (212 and 246 g versus 595 g for normal littermate), severely enlarged pale livers (48 and 61 g), and pale kidneys. Histologically, there was marked diffuse vacuolation of hepatocytes with large amounts of glycogen and small amounts of lipid. Renal tubular epithelium was mildly to moderately vacuolated. Soft tissue mineralization was present in renal tubules and pulmonary alveolar septa. Biochemical analysis showed that levels of glucose-6-phosphatase were markedly reduced in liver (0.3 and 0.4 microM/minute/g tissue versus 4.7 +/- 1.5 microM/minute/g tissue for controls) and kidney (0.45 and 0.4 microM/minute/g tissue versus 4.1 microM/minute/g tissue for controls) and that glycogen content was increased in liver (9.4% and 9.4% versus 1.3% +/- 1.4% for controls). This is the first confirmed report of animals with glycogen storage disease type Ia.
Vet Pathol 1995 Sep
PMID:Glycogen storage disease type Ia in two littermate Maltese puppies. 857 35

In a swine model of orthotopic small bowel transplantation, we assessed the efficacy of combined therapy with a low dose of tacrolimus plus mycophenolate mofetil, compared with high-dose tacrolimus monotherapy. The bowel was replaced in 25 piglets: group 1 (n = 5), no immunosuppression; group 2 (n = 10), tacrolimus, 0.3 mg/kg daily i.m. for 7 days, followed by b.i.d. oral doses to maintain blood levels of 15-25 ng/ml; and group 3 (n = 10), tacrolimus, 0.1 mg/kg i.m., in a single dose on day 0 and thereafter oral doses to maintain blood levels of 5-15 ng/ml, plus oral mycophenolate mofetil (10 mg/kg twice daily). Follow-up time was limited to 60 days. Median survival time as 11, 27, and > 60 days in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P = 0.001). Survival rates were 0%, 40%, and 80% at 30 days and 0%, 0%, and 70% at 60 days in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P = 0.03), group 1 vs. group 2; P = 0.003, group 1 vs. group 3; P = 0.02, group 2 vs. group 3). One animal in group 1 (20%) and two animals each in groups 2 and 3 (20%) died of technical complications. Rejection was the cause of death of 80% of animals of group 1 and of no animals in either group 2 or 3. None of the immunosuppressed animals developed clinical or histopathological evidence of graft-versus-host disease. Sixty percent of animals in group 2 (n = 6) and 10% in group 3 (n = 1) died from infections; two other animals in group 2 died of emaciation. The seven animals of group 3 that were alive at 60 days had immunosuppression stopped at that time. All died of rejection within 1 month. In conclusion, double-drug therapy with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil consistently allowed extended survival after small bowel transplantation in swine, preventing or controlling acute cellular rejection without a high incidence of lethal complications related to overimmunosuppression.
Transplantation 1996 Sep 15
PMID:Combined immunosuppressive therapy with tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil for small bowel transplantation in pigs. 883 Aug 16

GM1-gangliosidosis is a progressive neurological disease in humans caused by deficiency of lysosomal acid beta-galactosidase, which hydrolyses the terminal beta-galactosidic residue from ganglioside GM1 and other glycoconjugates. In this study, we generated a mouse model for GM1-gangliosidosis by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. The mouse homozygous for the disrupted beta-galactosidase gene showed beta-galactosidase deficiency, presented with progressive spastic diplegia, and died of emaciation at 7-10 months of age. Pathologically, PAS-positive intracytoplasmic storage was observed in neuronal cells of various areas in the brain. Biochemical analysis revealed a marked accumulation of ganglioside GM1 and asialo GM1 in brain tissue. This animal model will be useful for pathogenetic analysis and therapeutic trial of human GM1-gangliosidosis.
Glycoconj J 1997 Sep
PMID:Beta-galactosidase-deficient mouse as an animal model for GM1-gangliosidosis. 933 86

In order to investigate the risk factors, pathogenesis and natural course of the osteoporosis frequently seen in anorexia nervosa, we measured the bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine using dual X-ray absorptiometry in 51 Japanese female patients with anorexia nervosa, and followed the change in BMD of 29 patients for 11 to 46 months. We also evaluated the serum osteocalcin and the urinary CrossLaps, degradation products of collagen I, in 103 samples obtained from 51 patients. There was a significant correlation between the spinal BMD and the duration of emaciation below a body mass index (BMI) of 15kg/m2 (r= -0.652, P<0.0001) and 16kg/m2 (r= -0.647, P<0.0001). The increase in BMD per year in the 29 patients significantly correlated with the BMI at the time of entry of each follow-up period (r= 0. 712, P<0.0001). The critical BMI for a positive increase in BMD was 16.4+/-0.3 kg/m2 (mean+/-S.E.M.). The serum osteocalcin declined, while the urinary CrossLaps increased in proportion to a decrease in BMI. Both markers were normalized in patients whose BMI was between 16.4 and 18.5 kg/m2. The ratio of urinary CrossLaps to serum osteocalcin correlated with BMI (r= -0.664, P<0.0001). We conclude that the body weight history is the most important predictor of the presence of osteoporosis as well as of recovery The BMD of patients does not increase to the normal range even several years after the recovery from this disorder, and they remain a high-risk group for osteoporosis in the future.
Eur J Endocrinol 1998 Sep
PMID:The importance of body weight history in the occurrence and recovery of osteoporosis in patients with anorexia nervosa: evaluation by dual X-ray absorptiometry and bone metabolic markers. 975 36

Necropsies performed between 1989 and 1995 on 15 African rope squirrels (Funisciurus substriatus) and 20 African ground squirrels (Xerus erythropus) from the Baltimore Zoo revealed 13 cases of gongylonemiasis. Nematodes were embedded in the epithelium of the esophagus, pharynx, buccal mucosa, and tongue, resulting in varying degrees of esophagitis, pharyngitis, stomatitis, and glossitis, respectively. Routine fecal examinations were negative, and the nematodes appeared to be unaffected by repeated treatments with ivermectin. Most of the affected animals had shown clinical signs of dyspnea and/or inanition and emaciation. Suppurative rhinitis was also a frequent finding at necropsy and was associated with the presence of the nematodes in eight animals. Dissection of whole nematodes from formalin-fixed specimens revealed morphologic features consistent with Gongylonema macrogubernaculum, a species previously only reported in nonhuman primates. The squirrels were housed in the same building with numerous primate species, and a review of pathology records revealed esophageal gongylonemiasis in three lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus), lingual gongylonemiasis in a spotnose monkey (Cercopithecus buettikoferi), and buccal gongylonemiasis in a brown-headed tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis). Examination of whole nematodes dissected from one of the lion-tailed macaques also demonstrated the unique morphology of G. macrogubernaculum. Nematodes belonging to the species Gongylonema are acquired by ingestion of the intermediate host, the cockroach. This is the first report of G. macrogubernaculum in a nonprimate species and suggests that captive African squirrels can serve as reservoir hosts for this parasite in a zoo environment.
J Zoo Wildl Med 1998 Sep
PMID:Gongylonema macrogubernaculum in captive African squirrels (Funisciurus substriatus and Xerus erythropus) and lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus). 980 9

The social nutrition status was investigated among 246 subjects aged 60-90 living at three urban communities in Chengdu of Sichuan Province. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate socio-demographic background, the subjects' nutrition knowledge, and the support systems for geriatric nutrition. Fasting venous blood was collected for the analysis of biochemical parameters. Blood pressure, bone mineral contents (BMC), body weight (BW) and body height (BH) were measured at the same time. Only 49.7% of the subjects correctly answered four basic questions on nutrition. Food patterns for the elderly were simple and modest. Several nutrition-related disorders for the elderly were including high systolic blood pressure (44.6%), hypertriglyceridemia (25.9%), high diastolic blood pressure (25.1%), obesity (24.5%), high PBG (20.6%), emaciation (19.9%), high FBG (17.9%) and osteoporosis (16.8%). These data indicate that the support systems for the geriatric nutrition will have to be improved.
Biomed Environ Sci 1998 Sep
PMID:A survey of social nutrition status of the elderly in the urban area of Chengdu, Sichuan Province. 986 87

A 51-year-old man visited Okayama Rousai Hospital with the chief complaints of dyspnea and emaciation. His occupational history included 23 years as a hard-metal polisher for a shipyard. Physical examination disclosed digital clubbing and fine crackles audible in the inferior posterior lung fields. Laboratory examination revealed hypoxemia and a remarkably reduced vital capacity of the lungs. Chest x-ray films and computed tomograms disclosed interstitial pneumonia predominantly in the upper lung lobes. Lung fibrosis progressed rapidly, and the patient died of exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure 2 years after his first visit to our hospital. The histopathologic findings from tissue specimens obtained by open lung biopsy and necropsy revealed mixed patterns of atypical and usual interstitial pneumonia, but no giant cell interstitial pneumonia. X-ray analysis detected tungsten in the lung tissue and mediastinal lymph nodes, but no cobalt was found. The interstitial pneumonia observed in this patient was thought to be induced by the occupational inhalation of hard metal.
Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi 1999 Sep
PMID:[Interstitial pneumonia induced by the inhalation of hard metal]. 1054 Aug 37

Five cases of xanthomatosis in geckos were evaluated, one in a northern green gecko (Naultinus grayi) and the remaining four in three species of leaf-tailed geckos (two Uroplatus henkeli, one U. sikorae, one U. fimbriatus). All geckos were females 3-11 yr of age, were clinically ill on presentation, and either died or were euthanized. Necropsies showed emaciation in three geckos, with white nodular foci on coelomic surfaces in two of these geckos. The other two geckos had no gross abnormalities. Histopathologic examination revealed xanthomatosis involving the coelomic surfaces of four geckos and the ventricles of the brain in all geckos. Xanthomas in the brain were associated with various degrees of hydrocephalus. The lesions were comprised of stacks of clear clefts consistent with cholesterol crystals, and these structures were surrounded by epithelioid macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and lymphocytes. Four geckos had active folliculogenesis, and two had foci of follicular degeneration and localized yolk coelomitis. In all cases, xanthomatosis was believed to have contributed significantly to morbidity and mortality.
J Zoo Wildl Med 1999 Sep
PMID:Xanthomatosis in geckos: five cases. 1057 73

A 1-yr-old male leopard (Panthera pardus) presented for intermittent anorexia, emaciation, and generalized muscle wasting. Plain radiographs, ultrasonography, and esophageal endoscopy led to a diagnosis of diaphragmatic eventration with probable concurrent hiatal hernia. An exploratory laparotomy confirmed both diagnoses, and surgical repair and stabilization were performed. After surgery, the leopard was maintained on small liquid meals for 4 days, with a gradual return to normal diet over 2 wk. By 4 wk after surgery, the leopard was eating well and gaining weight, and it showed no recurrence of clinical signs for 2 yr subsequently, becoming mildly obese.
J Zoo Wildl Med 2000 Sep
PMID:Hiatal hernia and diaphragmatic eventration in a leopard (Panthera pardus). 1123 47


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>