Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A number of instances have been reported in the scientific literature in which acute intoxication with halogenated oxyquinolines has led in some species to convlusions, often followed by death. The toxicity of repeated doses of clioquinol has been investigated extensively in the dog. The clinical syndrome induced in this species is characterized by anorexia, weight loss, extremem muscle weakness and emaciation. In some animals surviving this impairment of condition for several weeks, neuropathy of the central nervous system, but not of the peripheral nerves ensued. It is suggested that these toxicological manifestations are less dependent on the dose-level than on the degree of absorption. Some suggestions regarding the aetiology of the lesions are made.
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PMID:Clioquinol toxicity in the dog. 14 53

Type II ostertagiosis was found at necropsy in 9 American bison (Bison bison) from 3 farms in New York. Clinical signs included severe diarrhea, emaciation, unthrifty coats, anemia, and weakness. In severely affected animals, the macroscopic abomasal changes consisted of irregular thickening and edema of the mucosa, resulting in a pebbly or morocco-leather appearance. Microscopically, many gastric pits and glands were dilated, lined by hyperplastic epithelium, and contained nematode sections or debris. Parasites recovered included Ostertagia ostertagi, Trichostrongylus axei, Trichostrongylus lerouxi, Cooperia oncophora, Haemonchus contortus, Nematodirus helvetianus, Trichuris discolor, Setaria labiato-papillosa, Dictyocaulus viviparus, Hypoderma lineatum, and Sarcocystis sp. Nodules in the small and large intestine were attributed to Oesophagostomum sp. Trichostrongylus lerouxi, Trichuris discolor, and Nematodirus helvetianus are reported from bison for the first time.
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PMID:Ostertagiosis in captive bison in New York State: report of nine cases. 15 57

A case report of lead poisoning in Canada geese at Cheyenne Bottom Wildlife Management Area in Kansas is presented. Seventy-nine dead geese and 10 geese too weak too fly were found by management personnel. Clinical signs in the live geese were weakness, lethargy, anorexia, emaciation and bile stained diarrhea. Seventeen geese were necropsied. Lesions were impacted roots and fibrous stalks in the esophagus and proventriculus and numerous lead shot in the gizzard. One to 44 lead shot (mean 13) were found in the 17 gizzards examined. The concentration of lead in liver and kidney was 9.21 to 102.56 ug/g (wet weight). The presence of lead shot in the gizzard, characteristic clinical signs, and the concentration of lead in the liver and kidney confirmed the diagnosis of lead poisoning.
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PMID:Lead poisoning in Canada geese: a case report. 49 80

Donkeys experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei showed dullness, weakness, fever, inappetence, conjunctivitis, tachycardia and polydyspnoea soon after detectable parasitaemia. The parasitaemia was generally low with transient high peaks except in the terminal stage when there was sustained high parasitaemia. A moderate anaemia was present as from the second week of infection but it was not progressive. There was a marked leucopoenia within 24 h of patent parasitaemia. Death occurred 2 to 2 1/2 months after infection and at necropsy there was severe emaciation as well as mild serous effusion. Histologically, there was a nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis, cranial neuritis, extensive haemosiderosis, hyperplasia of follicles in lymph nodes and spleen and giant cell reaction in lymph nodes. Trypanosomes were present in the cerebrospinal fluid, the eye and serous effusions. These observations are similar to those previously reported in other animals infected with T. brucei.
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PMID:Clinical, haematological and pathological studies in donkeys experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei. 90 95

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) has morphological, physical and biochemical characteristics similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS in man. However, it is antigenically and genetically distinct from HIV; an antigenic relatedness with equine infectious anaemia virus has been demonstrated. FIV has been molecularly cloned and sequenced. Diagnostic tests are commercially available and attempts at preparing inactivated, subunit and molecularly engineered vaccines are being made in different laboratories. During FIV infection a transient primary illness can be recognized, with fever, neutropenia and lymphadenopathy. After a long period of clinical normalcy a secondary stage is distinguished with signs of an immunodeficiency-like syndrome. The incubation period for this stage can be as long as 5 years, during which gradual impairment of immune function develops. Many FIV-infected cats are presented for the first time showing vague signs of illness: recurrent fevers, emaciation, lack of appetite, lymphadenopathy, anaemia, leucopenia and behavioural changes. Later, the predominant clinical signs observed are chronic stomatitis/gingivitis, enteritis, upper respiratory tract infections, and infections of the skin. Neoplasias, neurological, immunological and haematological disorder are seen in a smaller proportion. The immunodeficiency-like syndrome is progressive over a period of months to years. Concomitant infection with feline leukaemia virus has been shown to accelerate the progression of disease. In vitro, phenotypic mixing between FIV and an endogenous feline oncovirus (RD114) has been demonstrated which leads to a broadening of the cell spectrum of the lentivirus. Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) has been isolated only once, and all attempts to obtain additional isolates have failed; it has been recovered from the leucocytes of cattle with persistent lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, lesions in the central nervous system, progressive weakness and emaciation. As with the feline representative, BIV also was found to possess a lentivirus morphology and to encode a reverse transcriptase with Mg++ preference; it replicates and induces syncytia in a variety of embryonic bovine tissues in vitro. Antigenic analyses have demonstrated a conservation of epitopes between the major core protein of BIV and HIV. The original isolate has been molecularly cloned and sequenced. Besides the three large open reading frames (ORFs) comprising the gag, pol, and env genes common to all replication-competent retroviruses, five additional small ORFs were found. Numerous point mutations and deletions were found, mostly in the env-encoding ORF. These data suggest that, within a single virus isolate, BIV displays extensive genomic variation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Animal immunodeficiency viruses. 133 43

An 89-week-old male chicken was presented with signs of depression, emaciation, and weakness. At necropsy, a stricture was found at the ileocecal junction that resulted in blockage and dilation of the ileum proximal to the stricture. Histologically, neoplastic epithelial cells that contained mucin had invaded the intestinal wall and produced a fibrous connective tissue reaction. The lesion was diagnosed as scirrhous intestinal adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Intestinal adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal junction in a chicken. 141 17

A 69-year-old-female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis since 1975 had suffered from dysesthesia of extremities since October 1989. Radiating pain and weakness occurred when she tried to stand up on Dec. 25 in 1989. She was admitted to our hospital in October 1990. Physical examination showed emaciation, hypesthesia of extremities, hypesthesia over the right chest and back, impaired vibration and position sense, and hyperreflexia. Laboratory findings revealed that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated to 46mm/hr, rheumatoid factor (RF) to 83.1IU/ml and CRP to 3.7mg/dl. Her blood sugar was high and she was diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus. Cervical X ray film showed atlanto-axial subluxation. A pseudotumor around the odontoid process bulging into the spinal canal and compression of the upper cervical cord was observed by MRI. In spite of administration of bucillamine (100mg/day), the size of pseudotumor did not change. Methotrexate (MTX) at a dose of 5mg/week was started in February 1991 and the pseudotumor decreased in size with a concurrent reduction of ESR, RF and CRP. However, the high intensity lesion by T2 weighed image did not change and dysesthesia persisted. The pseudotumor was thought to be due to pannus and it was revealed that MTX was effective for reduction. The persistent dysesthesia was probably due to the degeneration of the upper cervical cord, although diabetic neuropathy may also have played a role.
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PMID:[A case of rheumatoid arthritis complicated with pseudotumor around odontoid process successfully treated by methotrexate]. 144 85

We have reported two cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) associated with Graves' disease. Case 1: a 45-year-old woman noticed a diffuse goiter, palpitation and emaciation in 1977. Laboratory studies confirmed that she had Graves' disease, and she was treated with antithyroid drug. In 1986, when the hyperthyroidism was subsided, she showed progressive symmetrical weakness and numbness in her limbs, and she was almost in tetraplegia at 1987. Markedly slowed motor and sensory nerve conductions and elevated CSF proteins as well as clinical manifestations confirmed the diagnosis of CIDP. Following corticosteroid-pulse therapy and plasmapheresis resulted in good recovery in both motor and sensory impairment, though two-times of relapses were observed. Case 2: a 33-year-old man first noticed weakness in his legs in 1977, motor and sensory disturbances progressed for 12 years. Slowed nerve conduction, high CSF proteins and two-times of relapses in early phase indicated that the CIDP was the diagnosis. In 1989 he complained general fatigue, hyperhidrosis and body-weight loss. The serum thyroid hormone levels were high, and other laboratory studies confirmed the presence of Graves' disease. The cases with both CIDP and Graves' disease has rarely been reported. The background mechanism of this association is not well understood, but the susceptibility to CIDP and Graves' disease may be related to the HLA antigens and immunoglobulin Gm allotypes of which are the genes linked to the major histocompatibility complex and controlling immune responses. The present two cases commonly shared several HLA-DR antigens, but their significance should be confirmed by examining many cases.
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PMID:[Two cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) associated with Graves' disease]. 178 65

During studying the pathogenicity of Ascaridia galli for young Ross-Broiler chickens fed with single doses of 100, 200 and 500 infective eggs, it was found that the infected chickens showed variable decreases in body weight gain and increases in the ratio of liver weight relative to body weight when compared with the control. Both decrease and increase was proportionally related with the number of infective eggs given to the chickens. Biochemical analysis of muscle and liver tissue of the previous groups of chickens showed a decrease in both glycogen and protein content and an increase in fat content of muscle and liver of infected chickens when compared with those of normal tissues. The decrease in the glycogen content due to ascaridiasis was mostly apparent in case of 500 egg dose and that of the protein content was noted with the egg doses of 200 and 500. Each of the three egg doses showed a significant increase in the fat content of the muscle and liver of infected chickens when compared with the control. After the sixth week of infection chickens fed with 500 eggs showed emaciation, loss of colour of combs and legs and of brightness of plumage, diarrhoea, drooping wings, ruffled feathers and a gradual loss of strength manifested by leg weakness. At autopsy, the small intestine showed external macroscopic lesions of haemorrhage and congestion. Intestinal obstruction with adult Ascaridia galli was also found in the infected birds.
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PMID:Some pathological and biochemical studies on experimental ascaridiasis in chickens. 186 92

In order to confirm the clinical and histological diagnosis of scrapie and to determine the infectivity titer of the scrapie agent in the brain of a naturally infected Suffolk sheep, 123 white Swiss mice were inoculated intracerebrally. From about 13 to 20 months post-inoculation, 28 mice died, and 95 that were sick were killed. In the terminal stages of disease, the mice developed weakness, gradual emaciation, posterior ataxia, and occasionally alopecia. The average infection (83%) of mice affected with scrapie occurred in groups 1 to 4 inoculated with dilution 10(-1) to 10(-4) of scrapie sheep brain. Sixty-seven (54.5%) of the mice developed spongiform lesions and vacuolar degeneration of neurons. Similarities of scrapie with other subacute spongiform encephalopathies in animals and humans are discussed.
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PMID:Experimental scrapie in white Swiss mice. 208 31


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