Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Daily, for 14 days, rabbits of one group were injected with corticotropin, i.e. ACTH-zinc-phosphate (10 units/kg), whereas rabbits of another group were given (in addition) sodium ribonucleate (40 mg/kg) through a tube into the stomach. Formation of lysyl-tRNA, leucyl-tRNA, and alanyl-tRNA in the liver and the skeletal muscles proved to be significantly greater in the animals which received ACTH together with sodium ribonucleate, as compared to that in the animals given the hormone alone. Hyperglycemia, hepatomegaly, and emaciation were less pronounced in the animals given both the preparations.
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PMID:[Effect of enteral administration of sodium ribonucleate on the synthesis of amino acyl t RNA in the liver and skeletal muscles of rabbits in experimental hypercorticism]. 19 79

A consecutive series of 24 cases of primary carcinoma of the liver in Malawi has been investigated. Histologically, all were hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). All patients were African Bantus, the average age was 42.7, and the sex ratio was men 3.5:women 1. The duration of symptoms attributable to HCC was about 5 months previous to admission to hospital and was in no case preceded by clinically manifest cirrhosis. The clinical picture was rather uniform with pain in the region of the liver, emaciation and nodular hepatomegaly as the most important features. One of the patients had repeated attacks of hypoglycaemic coma. Sera from 11 out of 13 patients contained alpha-feto-protein. Hepatitis-associated antigen and antibody in the serum were found in 7 and 6 out of 16 and 14 cases respectively. Serum B12 and serum unsaturated B12 binding capacity were moderately raised in most patients. The prognosis was poor, the average time of survival was 4.8 weeks after admission. The cause of death was most frequently hepatic coma. HCC in the African Bantu shows some different features from the same disease in the Western Hemisphere: The incidence is much higher; the patients are younger. The neoplasm commonly develops in a clinically latent cirrhosis. The latter is not caused by alcohol, but is presumably a sequel of hepatitis. It is possible that aflatoxin is the carcinogenic factor, acting more readily in a cirrhotic than in a normal liver.
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PMID:Primary carcinoma of the liver in Malawi: a review of 24 cases. 19 21

Twelve one-day-old chicks were experimentally inoculated with Chlamydia psittaci derived from turkeys. Acute chlamydial septicemic lesions were induced by the inoculation into the air sac and trachea. No lesions were produced by the esophageal injection. Clinically, the affected chicks showed emaciation and mouth breathing, and were inactive while some birds died. Grossly, they had hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and airsacculitis. Histopathologically, fibrinopurulent airsacculitis, pneumonia and bronchitis, multiple fibrinous serositis in the hepatic and splenic capsules, peri- and epicardium, and mesenterium, focal endoarteritis in the aortae, activation of reticuloendothelial cells in the spleen, and hepatic necrosis were noted. Immunohistochemically, chlamydial antigen granules were present in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the respiratory system, hepatocytes, macrophages in the air sac, lung, serous membrane, liver, spleen, aortae, reticuloendothelial cells in the spleen, and mesothelial cells in various organs or tissues. Chlamydial multiplication in the cells of the organs or tissues involved was preceded to form the lesions.
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PMID:Pathology of experimental chlamydiosis in chicks. 214 Aug 67

A retrospective was designed to analyse the mode of presentation, clinical signs and haematological and biochemical abnormalities in 225 consecutive Black (Zulu) patients who were admitted to a general medical ward between the years 1970 and 1981 and in whom cirrhosis was later diagnosed. The most common presenting complaint was swelling of the body (60% of the patients), followed by abdominal pain (32%) and episodes of bleeding, mainly from the gastrointestinal tract (19%). On examination, hepatomegaly was encountered in 66% of the patients, with moderate to massive enlargement in 40%. Ascites was detected in 56%, with tense abdominal distension in 34%. Jaundice was present in 38% and emaciation, mental disturbance and splenomegaly in over 25%. Spider naevi (found in 2 patients) and Dupuytren's contracture (found in 1) were very rare. Thrombocytopenia and a high ESR were common. Over 90% of patients had low albumin and high globulin concentrations (albumin less than 20 g/dl and globulin greater than 60 g/dl in 25%). Bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels and the prothrombin index were found to be within normal limits in 32%, 24% and 52% of cases respectively. Histologically the lesion was most commonly micronodular (73%) with variable deposits of fat and iron. Peritoneoscopy was the most useful special investigation in the diagnosis of cirrhosis, leading to a correct diagnosis in 77% of cases. In conclusion, the clinical signs, biochemical abnormalities and histological features suggest that the factors causing cirrhosis in the community studied are mixed; it may result from the combined effects of alcohol abuse, malnutrition and chronic viral (e.g. hepatitis B) infections.
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PMID:Clinical presentation and biochemical abnormalities in black (Zulu) patients with cirrhosis in Durban. 707 88

We report a patient having a non-diagnosed small cell lung cancer, presenting with a clinical picture comprising emaciation, hepatomegaly, progressive jaundice, bilirubinuria and clay-colored stools. Computed tomography showed intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary duct dilatation. The cause was compression of the common bile duct by metastatic enlarged lymph nodes in the porta hepatis. Clinical suspicion arose because of a mass found on the chest X-ray film and a positive cytologic sputum examination. The definitive diagnosis was obtained by bronchoscopy and biopsy.
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PMID:[Obstructive jaundice as a presentation form of bronchogenic small cell carcinoma]. 900 4

A total of 1300 birds in flock of breeder Pharaoh quail (Coturinix coturnix) experienced a moderate rate of mortality (13%) during a 7-day period. Clinical signs included depression, ruffled feathers, prostration, lameness, inapetence, diarrhea, and periorbital sinus swelling with mucoid discharge and lameness. Gross lesions observed in dead quail were emaciation, carcass congestion, mild hepatomegaly with green discoloration, congested intestinal mucosa, caseous purulent arthritis-osteomyelitis, and thickened crop mucosal epithelium. Histopathologic examination revealed mild hepatic amyloidosis, proliferative parabronchitis, splenic reticular cell hyperplasia, thymic cortical atrophy, subacute bacterial osteomyelitis, periarthritis, and crop mycosis. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from the joints of these birds and the isolates were serotype 3 x 4. These findings suggest that Pharaoh quail are susceptible to P. multocida and are likely to develop subacute to chronic fowl cholera.
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PMID:Subacute to chronic fowl cholera in a flock of Pharaoh breeder quail. 953 3

Since 1984, a significant number of privately owned and feral horses on Easter Island have died of a syndrome consisting of progressive anorexia, weight loss, obtundation, and other central nervous system abnormalities. A single horse experiencing clinical signs of the reported syndrome was identified, examined and necropsied. Clinical signs included inappetence, emaciation, ataxia and icterus. Gross necropsy findings included hepatic enlargement and mottling, ascites and gastric impaction. Histopathological lesions included hepatic hemorrhage and necrosis, periportal megalocytosis, portal fibrosis, bile duct hyperplasia and multinucleate hepatocytes. Crotalaria grahamiana and C pallida, were identified in the pasture of the presenting horse, and found to be widespread on the island. Alkaloid fingerprinting identified grahamine, monocrotalin, and a grahamine analog in C grahamiana. A retrorsine analog and a senecionine analog were identified in C pallida. The highly characteristic lesions and the identification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the 2 plants strongly suggest that ingestion of 1 or both of the Crotalaria species led to chronic liver damage and hepatic encephalopathy in the presenting horse. Widespread distribution of C grahamiana on the island and reported temporal and seasonal trends in incidence among horses and cattle suggest that C grahamiana may be responsible for extensive morbidity and mortality among horses and cattle on Easter Island.
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PMID:Hepatotoxicity associated with pyrrolizidine alkaloid (Crotalaria spp) ingestion in a horse on Easter Island. 1019 40

A mixed epithelial tumour in the liver of a 24-month-old male Wistar rat from a 30-month inhalation study is described. The rat, which was in a group exposed to low concentrations of diesel exhaust, was euthanized because of emaciation, forced respiration and abnormal gait. Macroscopic examination of the enlarged liver revealed multiple partly confluent beige-red nodules up to 1.5 cm in diameter. Small nodules up to 7 mm in diameter were seen in the spleen. Histologically, the tumour nodules in the liver consisted of hepatocellular and cholangiocellular components. The hepatocellular component consisted of moderately differentiated polygonal to round hepatocytes about twice as large as normal hepatocytes and having hyperchromatic, centrally located nuclei with prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Foci of haematopoiesis and focal necroses were prominent. The cholangiocellular component was moderately differentiated and consisted of tubular structures lined by low cuboidal to cylindrical cells showing cytoplasmic basophilia and small dark nuclei without prominent nucleoli. The histological features of the nodules in the spleen corresponded to those of the primary tumour in the liver. Based on these criteria, the tumour nodules were diagnosed as hepatocholangiocellular carcinoma. The immunohistological examination confirmed the diagnosis, i.e. immunostaining for cytokeratins was positive for eight and 18 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and for seven and 19 (cholangiocellular carcinoma) as well as for vimentin (dense fibrous stroma). This tumour is considered to be spontaneous because of its single occurrence.
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PMID:Hepatocholangiocellular carcinoma in a rat--case report. 1254 36

Homeopathic Crotalus horridus 200C was evaluated in 13 clinical cases of babesiosis in dogs, compared with another 20 clinical cases treated with diminazine. Babesiosis is an important tropical tick-borne haemoprotozoan disease in dogs clinically manifested by anorexia, dehydration, temperature, dullness/depression, diarrhoea/constipation, pale mucosa, hepatomegaly, vomiting/nausea, splenomegaly, distended abdomen/ascites, yellow coloured urine, emaciation/weight loss, and occular discharge. The diagnosis of babesiosis was based on cytological evidence of Babesia gibsoni in freshly prepared blood smears. The dogs were treated with oral C. horridus 200C, 4 pills four times daily for 14 days (n=13) or diminazine aceturate 5 mg/kg single intramuscularly dose (n=20). All the dogs were administered 5% Dextrose normal saline at 60 ml/kg intravenously for 4 days. Initial clinical scores were similar in both groups and showed similar progressive improvement with the two treatments over 14 days. Parasitaemia also improved in both groups, but haematological values showed no change. No untoward reactions were observed. It appears that C. horridus is as effective in causing clinical recovery in moderate cases of canine babesiosis caused by Babesia gibsoni as the standard drug diminazine. Large scale randomized trials are indicated for more conclusive results.
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PMID:Clinical management of babesiosis in dogs with homeopathic Crotalus horridus 200C. 1743 35

A mature bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) was diagnosed with mycobacterial infection after being presented for an inability to fly, emaciation, and a swelling of the left tibiotarsal-tarso metatarsal joint. Results of a complete blood cell count revealed a persistent, marked leukocytosis, with heterophilia, monocytosis, and anemia. Radiographs revealed lysis of the left distal tibiotarsus and soft-tissue swelling around the left tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsal joint, multiple pulmonary opacities, and an enlarged liver. Endoscopic evaluation and biopsy of caseated material within the left caudal coelom revealed acid-fast organisms. The eagle was euthanatized, and results of necropsy and histologic evaluation revealed caseated granulomas of the intestine, lungs, air sacs, and subcutaneous regions of the hock. Results of culture, a polymerase chain reaction testing, and direct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing for mycobacterial 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid DNA determined this organism most likely to be Mycobacterium avium.
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PMID:Disseminated mycobacteriosis in a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). 1808 37


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