Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A reproducible experimental disease model in horses using Streptococcus zooepidemicus was developed. An intravenous challenge dose of 1 X 10(10) colony-forming units (CFU), followed 24 h later with another challenge of 1 X 10(8) CFU of Strep. zooepidemicus produced the desired disease model. The disease was characterized by depression, pyrexia, anorexia, abnormal lung sounds, inflammation of joints, moderate to severe lameness, gradual loss of condition and emaciation. The effects of the disease on hematology, serum chemical profile and different protein fractions were studied. The disease state had no effect on serum glucose, sodium, potassium, chloride, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, calcium, phosphorus and enzymes SGOT or SGPT. However, the alkaline phosphatase showed a gradual decline. The serum iron levels dropped markedly and remained low to the last day of observations (post-infection day, PID 13). On serum protein electrophoresis, the albumin showed a gradual decrease; whereas, alpha II, beta and gamma globulin levels rose suggesting an immune response. The elevation of rectal temperatures and white blood cell counts related well with clinical observations. The serum iron levels proved very helpful in predicting the severity of clinical signs and often dropped before the onset of clinical signs and pyrexia.
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PMID:Standardization of an experimental disease model of Streptococcus zooepidemicus in the equine. 649 45

Nine piglets, 2-5 months old and weighing 12-15 kg were infected percutaneously with 5000 to 6000 cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum. Three similar piglets which were not infected served as controls. Infected animals were necropsied at 5, 10, 30, 40, 59, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days post-infection (PI) and the controls at 5, 60 and 180 days PI. The prepatent period varied from 27 to 33 days after infection. Clinical signs observed, coincident with egg production, were loss of appetite, lethargy, pallor of mucous membranes, diarrhea, progressive emaciation and dehydration. One piglet was moribund when killed for necropsy at 40 days and another piglet died 59 days PI. Pathological changes induced by S. japonicum included erythematous papules on the site of inoculation, petechial hemorrhages in the lungs, catarrhal to hemorrhagic enteritis, bluish-gray discoloration of the liver, and egg granulomas in the liver, lungs, spleen, intestines, pancreas and mesenteric lymph nodes. Endophlebitis with intimal hyperplasia was occasionally observed in veins harboring adult schistosomes.
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PMID:Clinical and pathologic features of experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection in pigs. 654 61

Eleven adult Basenji dogs with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) were studied. Two items of history related to the digestive tract were characteristic: (i) chronic intractable diarrhea in most dogs, and (ii) progressive emaciation. Anorexia was intermittent in only a few dogs. In addition, skin lesions of various degrees of severity were observed, including alopecia of pinnae and ventrum, hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis of pinnae, and necrosis and ulcerations of margins of pinnae. The cause of the skin lesions was not determined; however, hypothyroidism did not appear to contribute to the skin changes. Standard hematologic and serum chemical values were not consistently abnormal. However, a poorly regenerative anemia, mild neutrophilia, and increased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were generally observed in severely affected dogs. The Pelger-Huet anomaly was identified in dog 3. Maldigestion and malabsorption as determined by the N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid and d-xylose test was documented to varying degrees in dogs with IPSID. Maldigestion was correlated with functional pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Severe malabsorption was documented in only 3 dogs. Serum gastrin values were evaluated in these dogs because of a prior observation of parietal cell hyperplasia and gastric ulceration. Hypergastrinemia was documented in 3 dogs. Additional studies will be necessary to determine whether an acid hypersecretory state contributes to the pathogenesis of IPSID in Basenjis.
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PMID:Clinical and laboratory characterization of Basenjis with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease. 660 87

Studies on acute toxicities of bestatin (NK421) were carried out in both sexes of mice and rats, and male dogs. NK421 was administered subcutaneously, intraperitoneally and orally in mice and rats, and orally in dogs respectively. Mice and rats were observed for 14 days after treatment and LD50 values were calculated by the probit method. NK421 showed very low toxicity and no death occurred in any species following the oral administration of the maximum dose capable of dosing such as 4 g/kg for mice, 2 g/kg for rats and 1.2 g/kg for dog. General toxic signs seen in mice and rats following subcutaneous and intraperitonial injections were as follows; depression, suppressed movement, piloerection, inhibition of spontaneous movement, anorexia and emaciation. Death occurred within 5 days after administration. The toxic target organs of NK421 were found to be kidney, lymphoid tissue and liver based on histopathological examination of dead animals.
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PMID:Toxicological studies on bestatin. I. Acute toxicity test in mice, rats and dogs. 667 28

Chronic toxicity and its recovery of bestatin (NK421) was studied in both sexes of 28 Beagle dogs. At dose levels of 96, 38.4 and 15.4 mg/kg, NK421 was administered orally to dogs for 540 successive days. Control dogs were treated orally with 2 g/dog of corn starch. Each group consisted of 3 males and 3 females, and 2 males and 2 females were added to the 38.4 mg/kg group for a recovery test of 35 days. As general signs, anorexia, abnormal feces (loose stool, diarrhea, mucous stool), loss of activity, loss of lustre in fur, decoloration of the visible mucosa and emaciation were transiently observed in a early stage in 1 male and 1 female of the 96 mg/kg group. In correlation with these signs, slight anemia appeared hematologically, and the increased alkaline phosphatase activity and the decreased albumin ratio in serum protein fractions were observed biochemically. Except for the slight abnormal findings observed in the liver of the above 2 dogs, no significant changes were histopathologically noticed in any organ of all the dogs examined. The maximum non-toxic dose of NK421 in this study is estimated to be 38.4 mg/kg in dogs.
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PMID:Toxicological studies on bestatin. III. Chronic toxicity test and recovery study in beagle dogs. 667 30

A 56 years old male with chronic pancreatitis complained of intractable abdominal pain, anorexia, emaciation and peripheral edema. Medical treatment initiated only partial improvement in the general condition and hypoproteinemia. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed multiple filling defects in the dilated main pancreatic duct. Endoscopic aspiration of pure pancreatic juice yielded numerous protein plugs. The endoscopic removal of protein plugs from the pancreatic duct resulted in remarkable improvement in symptoms, laboratory findings and ERCP findings. We consider this procedure to be an important new treatment of chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:A case of chronic pancreatitis successfully treated by endoscopic removal of protein plugs. 673 Oct 27

Ten clinically normal male beagle dogs were used in the study. Two dogs served as control, 4 received 2 mg lead/kg daily and 4 received 5 mg lead/kg/daily. Lead was administered for 13 weeks, after which one-half of each experimental group was treated with calcium ethylene diaminetetraacetate (CaEDTA) for 5 days. All animals were then monitored for another 4 weeks. Blood lead levels, haematology, blood glutathione concentration, and the number of bone marrow cells with stainable iron granules were measured weekly during the 18-week experimental period. Clinical signs of poisoning were observed only in one dog in the high dose group after 6 weeks. The signed included emaciation, anorexia, muscular weakness, evidence of abdominal pain and depression. These signs were reversed with cessation of lead dosing and CaEDTA treatment. Blood lead levels and the number of marrow cells with non-haeme iron increased in both lead-dosed groups; nucleated red blood cells increased only in high lead dosed group. There was a trend for an increased packed cell volume in all groups; however, the high lead dosed group did not increase as fast. No significant changes were observed in blood glutathione concentration and in other haematologic parameters. There were no differences in the parameters studied between the dogs treated with CaEDTA and those not so treated. Blood lead levels and the number of nucleated red blood cells decreased after cessation of lead administration and the number of marrow cells with iron also tended to decrease after lead removal.
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PMID:Effect of chronic lead on the haematology, blood glutathione and bone marrow non-haeme iron of dogs. 676 21

A toxico-allergo-asthenic syndrome, primarily detected as a group disease (16 cases) affecting the workers of a cattle-ranch with the record of halproviosis (chlamydiosis) of agricultural animals, is described. A rise in temperature, sickness, vomiting, headache, loss of appetite, pain in the jaws and the joints, conjunctivitis and episcleritis, frequent urination, weakness, irritability, emaciation appeared to be its most characteristic symptoms. The halprovial nature of this syndrome was revealed on the basis of differential clinico-laboratory studies, serological, epizootic and epidemiological data.
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PMID:[Clinico-serologic study of humans with diseases epidemiologically related to halprowiosis (chlamydiosis) of farm animals]. 700 94

We describe the pathologic changes of single or simultaneous dietary deprivations of biotin (B) and pantothenic acid (PA) in lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush. A deficiency of PA produced gross signs of anorexia, inanition, emaciation, gill abnormalities and high mortality. In B-deficient fish, growth retardation reached statistically significant levels (P less than 0.05) after week 10, but gill and liver lesions were observed earlier. Anorexia and reduced weight gain were observed earlier in fish deprived of both nutrients than in those deficient in B alone. All B-deficient trout fed PA survived the study, and were less anorexic, anemic and emaciated than were those fed B without PA. Deposition of glycogen was greater in kidney tubules of B-deficient fish than in those lacking both vitamins. However, lesions interpreted to be mitochondrial conglutination and cellular necrosis of renal tubules and pancreatic acini were more exaggerated in fish fed neither nutrient than in those deprived of only one. Both vitamins are needed for energy transfer metabolism and their absence in metabolically active tissues causes lesions that resemble those reported for cellular anoxia.
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PMID:Gross and histological signs of dietary deficiencies of biotin and pantothenic acid in lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush. 710 59

Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach in horses seen at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine are compared with 15 similar cases reported previously. Clinical signs included anorexia in all cases, emaciation, fever, anaemia and/or palpable abdominal masses in 3, colic in 2 and dysphagia in one case. Haematological studies revealed normochromic, normocytic anaemia in 3 and absolute neutrophilia in 5 cases. Peritoneal fluid analysis was performed in 4 cases and revealed slightly to moderately elevated total protein concentrations in 3 and a markedly elevated number of white blood cells in 2 cases. Exploratory laparotomy, performed in 3 cases, was essential for a definitive diagnosis. The data presented here suggest that squamous cell carcinoma of the equine stomach may be increasing in frequency and demonstrate the need for prospective epidemiological studies.
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PMID:Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach of the horse. 710 89


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