Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A number of instances have been reported in the scientific literature in which acute intoxication with halogenated oxyquinolines has led in some species to convlusions, often followed by death. The toxicity of repeated doses of clioquinol has been investigated extensively in the dog. The clinical syndrome induced in this species is characterized by anorexia, weight loss, extremem muscle weakness and emaciation. In some animals surviving this impairment of condition for several weeks, neuropathy of the central nervous system, but not of the peripheral nerves ensued. It is suggested that these toxicological manifestations are less dependent on the dose-level than on the degree of absorption. Some suggestions regarding the aetiology of the lesions are made.
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PMID:Clioquinol toxicity in the dog. 14 53

Toxicosis was induced in pregnant Holstein-Friesian heifers by giving polybrominated biphenyls a in gelatin capsules at the rate of 25 g/day. Initially, this dosage was approximately 67 mg/kg of body weight. Clinical signs were anorexia, excessive lacrimation and salivation, diarrhea, emaciation, dehydration, depression, and abortion. Fever was not evident during the experiment. Values for serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, and bilirubin were increased. Changes in packed cell volume, hemoglobin content, total erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, and differential leukocyte counts were minimal and reflected dehydration and secondary infection. The principal urine changes were decreased specific gravity and moderate proteinuria. Gross necropsy findings included dehydration; subcutaneous emphysema and hemorrhage; atrophy of the thymus; fetal death with concomitant necrosis of cotyledons; kidneys that were enlarged, pale tan to gray; thickened wall of the gallbladder; inspissated bile; edema of abomasal folds; mucoid enteritis; linear hemorrhage and edema of the rectal mucosa; and secondary pneumonia. Microscopic changes were most marked in the kidneys, gallbladder, and eyelid. In the kidney, the principal changes were extreme dilatation of collecting ducts and convoluted tubules, with epithelial degenerative changes of cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, and separation from the basement membrane. Common changes in the gallbladder were moderate to marked hyperplasia and cystic dilatation of the mucous glands in the lamina propria. The changes in the eyelids were characterized by hyperkeratosis, with accumulations of keratin in hair follicles of the epidermis and squamous metaplasia with keratin cysts in the tarsal glands. Clinical signs and lesions of toxicosis did not develop in heifers given the polybrominated biphenyls at the rate of 0.25 mg and 250 mg/day for 60 days. Initially these rates were approximately 0.00065 mg/kg and 0.65 mg/kg of body weight, respectively.
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PMID:Pathology of experimentally induced polybrominated biphenyl toxicosis in pregnant heifers. 18 92

Fifty-five hepatocarcinomas were found in a review of approximately 7,500 surgical biopsies done on Nigerian Igbos during a period of 6 years. The male: female ratio was 2.9:1 and the age peak was between 20 and 49 years. The main symptoms were abdominal swelling, pain, emaciation, jaundice, fever, anorexia and diarrhea. Physical examination revealed a palpable liver in nearly all patients. Two patients presented acutely with hemoperitoneum due to rupture of necrotic tumor nodule. Cirrhosis was found in 60% of the adequately sized specimens. In comparison with published data, this series from an ethnic group in Nigeria, West Africa, reveals both similarities and dissimilarities which are noteworthy.
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PMID:Biopsy study of hepatocarcinomas in Nigerian Igbos. 19 27

The toxicity of a commercial blend of polybrominated biphenyls was determined in 24 pregnant Holstein heifers that were allotted randomly to one of four experimental groups given 0, .25, 250, or 25,000 mg/day of fire-Master BP-6. The polybrominated biphenyls were mixed with finely ground corn and given by bolus for 60 days or until the animal became moribund. Average body weight of heifers at onset of experiment was 381 kg. No clinical signs of toxicosis were evident in heifers fed 0, .25 or 250 mg/day. Toxicosis was induced in heifers fed 25,000 mg/day resulting in reduced dry matter intake, body weight, heart rate, and respiration rate. Clinical signs were anorexia, emaciation, dehydration, excessive lacrimation and salivation, diarrhea, depression, and abortion or fetal death. All heifers fed 25,000 mg/day became moribund within 33 to 66 days.
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PMID:Effects of polybrominated biphenyls on health and performance of pregnant Holstein heifers. 19 46

A case report of lead poisoning in Canada geese at Cheyenne Bottom Wildlife Management Area in Kansas is presented. Seventy-nine dead geese and 10 geese too weak too fly were found by management personnel. Clinical signs in the live geese were weakness, lethargy, anorexia, emaciation and bile stained diarrhea. Seventeen geese were necropsied. Lesions were impacted roots and fibrous stalks in the esophagus and proventriculus and numerous lead shot in the gizzard. One to 44 lead shot (mean 13) were found in the 17 gizzards examined. The concentration of lead in liver and kidney was 9.21 to 102.56 ug/g (wet weight). The presence of lead shot in the gizzard, characteristic clinical signs, and the concentration of lead in the liver and kidney confirmed the diagnosis of lead poisoning.
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PMID:Lead poisoning in Canada geese: a case report. 49 80

Twenty five cattle were infected with T. vivax, 25 with T. congolense, and 25 served as controls. Pathogenic clinical signs of trypanosomal infection were not observed. Secondary bacterial infections were common. Fever, increased heart and respiratory rates, anorexia, and emaciation developed. Elevations in parasitemai and body temperature were positively correlated in the T. vivax group. Infected groups were affected non-uniformly, with some animals in each group remaining asymptomatic and tending to have lower parasitemias. The T. vivax parasitemia was cyclic and the organisms had a genaration time of 7.9 SD 2.5 hours. The first peak of parasitemia in both infections was closely associated with the development of pancytopenia, i.e. anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The bone marrow erythroid response in the T. congolense group was significantly greater thn that in either the T. vivax or control groups. Leukopenia was due to concomitant neutropenia and lymphopenia.
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PMID:Experimental bovine trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma vivax and T. congolense). I. Sumptomatology and clinical pathology. 54 98

Body composition and aerobic work performance have been studied in 5 boys and 10 girls suffering from anorexia nervosa. The average ages of the two groups of children were 15.4 (boys) and 15.2 (girls) years respectively. Measurements of body composition included height, weight (W), body potassium (40K), skinfold thickness (SFT) at triceps and subscapularis, blood volume (BV) and femoral condylar and radioulnar breadths. From these measurements estimates of fat free weight (FFW), skeletal weight (S) and lean body mass (LBM) were made. Work performance was assessed by measurement of the maximal aerobic power (VO2 max). The patients had lost on average 26% of their former body weight. The boys had on average greater than 7% of their body weight as fat compared with greater than 9% in the girls. However, the loss of weight was not solely due to loss of body fat, but could also be ascribed to a decrease in soft fatfree tissue. LBM or FFW could be estimated as well from SFT as from 40k. vo2 max averaged 1.43 1/min (35.1 ml/kg/min) in the anorexic boys and 1.24 l/min (33.2 ml/kg/min) in the girls and was associated with FFW and LBM. However, VO2 max was lower in relation to LBM than in healthy children of the same age. Thus it was suggested that the emaciation in anorexia is directly attributable to loss of both fat and muscle and accounts in part for the reduction of aerobic power observed. However, an important factor may be the debilitating effect of starvation on the patient, particularly in its advanced and later stages, which reduces his/her level of habitual physical activity.
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PMID:Total body potassium fat free weight and maximal aerobic power in children with anorexia nervosa. 62 81

The paper is concerned with a description of a special form of nervous anorexia related to the presence of vomitophobia. The disease appears on the background of a somatogenic asthenia as a psychogenic reaction and leads to an expressed vomiting reaction. The vomiting reaction becomes fixated with a habitual form of reaction and eventually leads to an emaciation and a development of a special vomitophobic syndrome (vomitophobia proper, voluantary and involuntary vomiting, limitation in food as a measure against vomiting, depression, special ideas of reference).
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PMID:[Atyptical forms of anorexia nervosa]. 85 42

Infection of pigs by the whipworm (Trichuris suis) resulted in profuse diarrhea on postinfection days 17 to 21. Anorexia, retardation of growth, dehydration, and emaciation were observed in infected pigs. Scanning electron micrography showed nematodes embedded in the mucosa of the cecum and colon, with resultant disruption of the mucosa. Infected pigs had decreased values of albumin, amylase, calcium and creatine phosphokinase, but increased values of alpha-, beta-, and gamma- globulins, total iron-binding capacity, copper, potassium, uric acid, and aspartate aminotransferase.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of swine trichuriasis. 88 15

A case of transitional cell carcinoma of the prostatic and anterior pelvic urethra of a cat is presented. Primary urinarty tract neoplasms in the cat are rare, and transitional cell carcinoma with major involvement of the urethra has not been previously reported. The appearance and location of this tumor made differentiation from a prostatic carcinoma difficult. The clinical presentation consisted of emaciation, constipation, anorexia, and hematuria.
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PMID:Transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra in a cat. 94 76


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