Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Furazolidone (FZ) was administered to 42-day-old female Japanese quails as a feed additive at doses of 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm for a period of 28 days. Dose-dependent effects were observed. High levels of FZ (600 and 800 ppm) significantly altered growth, decreased feed consumption, caused marked atrophy of the ovaries and oviducts leading to cessation of egg laying, and resulted in higher mortality. Hepatotoxicity was evidenced by an increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase and a decrease in serum total protein, in addition to degenerative changes of the hepatocytes in FZ-treated birds. A rise in serum urea was also observed. Symptoms leading to death included a loss of appetite causing emaciation followed by nervous disturbances (compulsive movements and circling). No signs of cardiomyopathy were observed. Japanese quails did not tolerate FZ at a concentration (400 ppm) recommended for the prevention of salmonellosis in poultry.
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PMID:Toxicological and biological studies on Japanese quails fed graded levels of furazolidone. 209 13

Chronic adriamycin (ADR) intoxication was produced in 50 weanling rabbits by weekly injections of ADR (2.4 mg/kg of body weight) for up to 17 weeks. All ADR-treated rabbits developed prominent alopecia, edema, moderate anemia, and severe emaciation. The frequency and severity of cardiomyopathy were not strongly dose-related, but renal lesions were. The frequency and severity of cardiomyopathic lesions were highest in left ventricular free wall and ventricular septum, intermediate in atria, and lowest in right ventricular free wall. Cardiac lesions increased in frequency and severity basally in left ventricular free wall, ventricular septum, and atria, but not in right ventricular free wall. Nephropathy lesions were selective for inner cortex and constitute a common and important side effect of chronic ADR intoxication in rabbits. Other lesions observed at necropsy were hepatic necrosis, skeletal muscle degeneration, osteodystrophy-associated fractures, peripancreatic fat necrosis, and testicular degeneration and atrophy.
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PMID:Clinical and pathologic features of chronic adriamycin toxicosis in rabbits. 744 39

To determine whether infectious diseases might have contributed to the present-day decline of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), preweaned pups (n=2,735), subadult males (n=98), and adults (n=179) were examined postmortem from 1986 to 2006 on St. Paul Island, Alaska. Gross necropsy findings and histologic lesions were used to determine causes of death. Five general categories of mortality were identified for pups: emaciation (1,454 pups, 53%), trauma (497 pups, 18%), perinatal mortality (516 pups, 19%), infectious diseases (82 pups, 3%), and miscellaneous causes (186 pups, 7%). A condition of unknown etiology characterized by multifocal necrotizing myopathy and cardiomyopathy was found in 92 pups. Thirty-three congenital anomalies were identified in 49 pups, including a rare multicentric ganglioneuroblastoma. General linear models were used to examine change in pup mortality and condition (i.e., pup mass) over time. The prevalence of perinatal mortality appeared to increase during the study and relative to past reports. Trauma and infectious conditions appeared to decrease slightly from 1986 to 2006. Although relatively stable during this investigation, emaciation was greater than that reported for past studies. Emaciated pups weighed less than expected during 1988, 1996, and 2004 and more than expected during 1987, 1989, 1990, and 1994 (P</=0.003). Average annual weights for all other categories of mortality did not change significantly from 1986 to 2006. Fatal conditions for subadult males included hyperthermia, blunt trauma, entanglement, and bite wounds; nonfatal conditions included seizures, orange discoloration of the blubber, neoplasia, and parasitism. Causes of mortality for most adults included bite wounds with cellulitis and secondary infections, pulmonary edema, dystocia, blunt trauma, and neoplasia. We found no evidence to implicate infectious diseases as a cause in the recent decline of northern fur seals.
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PMID:Causes of mortality in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1986-2006. 2068 38