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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histiocytic lymphosarcomas of the intestine, liver, spleen and sciatic nerve were found at necropsy in a 36-week-old laying hen that was culled from a flock of 1800 birds because of emaciation. Type C particles were observed in ultrathin sections of liver and spleen. The serum of the hen contained reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) antigen, and antibody against REV, but lacked antibodies reactive with Marek's disease virus or subgroups A and B of Rous sarcoma virus. The tumour was transmitted to chickens using a suspension of the initial tumours. These experimental tumours were then transmitted to further chickens, using cultured spleen cells, viable spleen cells that had been stored frozen, and disrupted spleen cells. The tumours, which developed after incubation periods as short as 2 weeks, were histologically similar to those in the original hen. A few chickens also developed feather abnormalities. The chickens with experimentally transmitted tumours developed antibody against REV and REV antigen was demonstrated in cultured cells from these chickens. The chickens failed to develop antibody against Rous sarcoma virus and only 1 of 29 developed antibody against Marek's disease virus.
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PMID:A transmissible chicken tumour associated with reticuloendotheliosis virus infection. 625 May 24

Outbreaks of clinical reticuloendotheliosis (RE) were observed in a turkey flock and two pullet flocks. Clinical signs in turkeys included sleepiness, weakness, anorexia, diarrhoea and reduced egg production. The pullets showed severe emaciation, loss of back feathers, anorexia and diarrhoea. Fifteen out of 54 turkeys died before the flock was killed. One pullet flock suffered 20% mortality while the other had an average daily mortality of four to six out of 2000 birds for 9 weeks with a total mortality of 16.4%. Necropsy of the dead turkeys and pullets showed neoplastic nodules or grey foci in the internal organs especially the liver, intestines and spleen. Histopathological sections of the organs had proliferation of reticular cells with necrosis of the parenchyma and focal lymphocytic infiltration. RE virus antigens and precipitating antibodies were detected in the serum samples collected from the birds. It was suspected that natural RE could be a more serious problem than earlier reported in some countries.
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PMID:Naturally occurring clinical reticuloendotheliosis in turkeys and chickens. 1867 Oct 14

Multiple oncogenic viruses, including lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), have been detected in wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). The prevalence of infection with these viruses appears to be more common than overt disease; thus, data on the manifestation of associated disease in wild turkeys are scarce. Diagnostic records from wild turkeys submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study from 1980 to 2017 were reviewed to identify cases of neoplasia. Neoplasia was reported in 59 of 851 (6.9%) wild turkeys submitted. Of the cases of neoplasia tested by polymerase chain reaction, LPDV was detected in 34 of 58 (59%), REV in 10 of 39 (26%), both viruses in 3 of 39 (8%), and no retroviruses detected in 5 of 39 (13%) turkeys. The most common gross lesions observed among turkeys with neoplasms were emaciation (30/40; 75%); nodules in the skin (26/59; 44%), liver (17/59; 29%), or spleen (9/59; 15%); and splenomegaly (14/59; 24%). Microscopically, nodules were composed of pleomorphic round cells with large eccentric nuclei and prominent nucleoli resembling lymphocytes or lymphoblasts (57/59; 97%) except for 2 cases, one of myeloid cell origin and the other with primarily spindloid cells. This study indicates the need to characterize the pathogenesis and potential health threat posed by REV and LPDV to wild turkeys. Experimental infection studies and the development of additional diagnostic tests to confirm the role of retroviruses in lymphoproliferative disease are warranted.
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PMID:Multicentric Round Cell Neoplasms and Their Viral Associations in Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Southeastern United States. 3134 38