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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy patients, 37 females and 33 males, median age 46 years, have been treated with long-term parenteral nutrition for 816 patient-months, or 68 patient-years. Short-bowel syndrome was the commonest indication for parenteral nutrition (582 patient-months). Twenty-four patients were receiving home parenteral nutrition. Most had severe short-bowel syndrome following intestinal resection for Crohn's disease or mesenteric infarction. Metabolic complications included zinc deficiency syndrome in four patients before routine zinc administration and progressive halisteresis in five patients. The mortality for 26 patients with short-bowel syndrome was 23%, for 15 patients with intestinocutaneous fistulas 40%, and for 15 patients with severe emaciation for various causes 27%. Parenteral nutrition was withdrawn in 6 (23%) of the 26 patients with short-bowel syndrome, who subsequently were able to maintain body weight with oral feeding. Fifteen patients are still (February 1980) receiving home parenteral nutrition.
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PMID:Long-term parenteral nutrition. I. Clinical experience in 70 patients from 1967 to 1980. 679 87

Paratuberculosis, which is also known as Johne's disease, is a chronic, progressive enteric disease of ruminants caused by infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Cattle become infected with M. paratuberculosis as calves but often do not develop clinical signs until 2 to 5 yr of age. The clinical disease is characterized by chronic or intermittent diarrhea, emaciation, and death. Although animals with clinical disease are often culled from the herd, animals with subclinical paratuberculosis may cause economic losses because of reduced milk production and poor reproductive performance. Although the economic impact of paratuberculosis on the national cattle industry has not been determined, it is estimated to exceed $1.5 billion/yr. The diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis is difficult. Bacteriologic culture is the most definitive method of diagnosis, but culture is time consuming and labor intensive. Serological assays are not very useful because animals do not develop an antibody response until the clinical stages of disease. Development of assays to measure cell-mediated immunity is critical to accurate detection of paratuberculosis in subclinically infected animals. Although not considered a zoonotic agent, M. paratuberculosis has been identified in intestinal biopsy tissue from patients with Crohn's disease, an inflammatory enteritis in humans. Currently, the potential human health risk is being addressed by research evaluating pasteurization of dairy products in the US.
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PMID:Johne's disease: a hidden threat. 949 5

We describe a case of sudden death caused by a rare complication of Crohn's disease. A 29-year-old man with Crohn's disease who had not taken medications regularly complained of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain for 2 days, and then died suddenly. Autopsy revealed protruding intestinal loops filled with gas, internal fistulas between fused loops of the terminal ileum, and complete obstruction of the fistulous tract. The histologic findings of transmural inflammation consisting of lymphocytic infiltration, accumulation of partially hyalinized collagen, and fibrosis in the skip areas from the ileum to the cecum were compatible with Crohn's disease. Furthermore, marked emaciation, atrophic change of the heart muscle, and diffuse fatty change of the liver were found. Although the patient died of obstructive ileus caused by a stricture produced by progression of Crohn's disease, he was severely affected by malnutrition which may have been fatal. This case not only illustrates that Crohn's disease can cause obstructive ileus and sudden death, but also makes the forensic pathologist realize the importance of suspecting the presence of an active inflammatory bowel disease in a patient with internal fistulas or malnutrition.
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PMID:Sudden death of a patient with Crohn's disease. 978 Jun 67

Paratuberculose enteritis is an infectious and contagious chronic disease of the rumiants. It is characterised by periodic diarrhoea and progressive emaciation and loss of condition, intestinal ileitis and oedematous mucosa with cirumvolutions. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Crohn's disease or inflammatory bowel disease has identical characterization with ileitis, colitis with oedematous state and enlarged intestinal mucosa. Iflammatory infiltration of the intestinal mucosa has a transmural character, affecting the submucosa. The similarity between Crohn's disease and Johne's disease is the reason for considering an identical etiology for both diseases, but in the 75 years of the natural history of Crohn's disease it has been impossible to demonstrate this hypothesis. However, actually the predominant idea is that Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is frequently present in patients with Crohn's disease. This has been demonstrated by hemocultures, PCR and in situ hybridization.
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PMID:[Paratuberculose enteritis and Crohn's disease]. 1806 97