Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An aged male roseate flamingo, in a private collection in the British Virgin Islands, was found acutely "down." After four days of supportive therapy, the flamingo succumbed. At necropsy gross lesions included emaciation; collapsed and thickened, yellow abdominal air sac; dark red liver, partially covered by friable yellow material; and a raised, intimal plaque in the aorta near the iliac trifurcation. Histologic examination revealed severe, diffuse, pyogranulomatous air sacculitis with associated locally extensive pleuroperitonitis/perihepatitis. Pansystemic, predominantly periarteriolar distribution of amyloid deposition was evident, as was massive intrahepatocellular accumulation of iron pigment (hemachromatosis/hemosiderosis). A locally extensive, nonobstructive, fibroatheromatous plaque was present in the distal aorta. Amyloidosis, hemochromatosis/hemosiderosis, and atherosclerosis have been recognized in Phoenicopteriformes and other marine or aquatic birds. Their pathogenesis and pathogenicity remain a matter of debate.
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PMID:Amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, and atherosclerosis in a roseate flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber). 162 69

Many reports of diabetic ophthalmoplegia have been published from the clinical points of view. However, there have been only three autopsied cases in which the ocular nerves were investigated histopathologically. A 72-year-old housewife was diagnosed to have glycosuria at the age of 67, but no medical treatment was done. She admitted to the hospital, because of acute onset of right eyelid drooping and diplopia for previous four days. She showed complete eyelid ptosis, moderate dilatation of right pupil, loss of light reaction, and extraocular muscle palsy except abduction on the right. Blood pressure was normal. A glucose tolerance test was diabetic and HbA1c was moderately increased. Her diabetes was fairly well-controlled with a diet therapy and injection of lente insulin. Two and a half months after admission, the course of illness became regressive. Seven months later, external ophthalmoplegia was disappeared and only slight anisocoria was seen. She readmitted to the hospital one year and eleven months later, because of anorexia and emaciation. She died of adenocarcinoma of the stomach without chemotherapy. The duration from onset of ocular symptoms to death was two years and one month. At postmortem examination, stomach cancer infiltrated extensively to the abdominal and pelvic viscera, but no metastasis to the nervous system or intraorbital tissues was found. There were mild to moderate atherosclerotic changes in the small-and middle-sized arteries of the kidneys, pancreas and adrenal glands corresponding to her age. Moderate atherosclerosis was found in all of the major arteries including Willis ring, siphon of the right internal carotid artery and Vertebro-basilar one.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Diabetic ophthalmoplegia--a clinico-pathological study of the first case in Japan]. 269 31

The various factors which determine brain weight and volume of the lateral ventricles were studied in an autopsy material of 467 cases. The material consisted of 64 men and 17 women between 45-54 years and 196 men and 190 women between 70-79 years. The weights of the cerebral hemispheres and of the cerebellum and brainstem were determined separately. The volume of the lateral ventricles was determined by weighing the hemispheres with and without water in the lateral ventricles. The recorded variables were age, sex, body length, body weight, cerebral atherosclerosis, Alzheimer changes and alcoholism. Cerebral atherosclerosis and Alzheimer changes were quantitated by morphometric methods. The results were analysed by conventional and multivariate statistical methods. The following observations were made: In normal brains there was a significant correlation between the weight of the supra- and infratentorial parts. Similarly, there was a significant correlation between the size of the lateral ventricles and the weight of the cerebral hemispheres. Women had smaller brains than men even when the difference in body length was taken into account. The difference was approximately 110-115 g for the whole brain after correction for other variables. Women had also smaller lateral ventricles than men, but this difference was in proportion to the smaller size of their hemispheres. There was a physiologic decline in brain weight and a widening of the lateral ventricles with increasing age. This shrinkage probably started after the age of 55. There was a clear correlation between body length and brain weight. The estimated increase in brain weight was approximately 3 g per cm body length. There was a decreasing brain weight and an increasing ventricular size with a decreasing body mass index. This shows that emaciation leads to a decrease in brain size. Severe Alzheimer changes caused a statistically significant enlargement of the lateral ventricles both in men and women. There was a general trend for brain weight reduction in cases with severe Alzheimer changes but the decrease was statistically significant only in old women, and it could not be entirely excluded that the weight reduction in part was due to a concurrent emaciation rather than to the Alzheimer changes per se. In the majority of the cases, the Alzheimer changes were mild and had probably progressed slowly with age. A few cases had very severe changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Variations in the size of the human brain. Influence of age, sex, body length, body mass index, alcoholism, Alzheimer changes, and cerebral atherosclerosis. 388 32

We report a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who developed progressive emaciation and postprandial abdominal pain with a 27-year history of corticosteroid treatment. The patient was diagnosed as having intestinal angina based on computed tomography that showed severe stenosis of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in addition to complete occlusion of the celiac and inferior mesenteric arteries. Histopathology of the SMA and abdominal aorta showed atherosclerosis with no vasculitis or thrombus formation. Intestinal angina should actively be considered as a possible cause of recurrent abdominal pain in SLE patients, particularly in those with a long history of disease.
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PMID:Intestinal angina due to atherosclerosis in a 45-year-old systemic lupus erythematosus patient. 2093 Apr 50

Myocardial infarction is an infrequent condition in young adults. In most cases, it occurs due to causes other than atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, including blood hypercoagulability, congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries, their inflammation or spasm induced by amphetamine or cocaine use. Amphetamine and its derivatives, via increasing the levels of epinephrine, serotonin and dopamine in the central nervous system, exert their effect also on the cardiovascular system, causing coronary spasm, enhancing platelet aggregation and inducing tachyarrhythmias. The paper presents a case of a 42-year-old man admitted to the emergency department because of emaciation and dehydration. The man was conscious, without contact, with a significant elevation of body temperature and tachycardia. On the basis of examinations, a fresh infarction of the anterolateral wall of the heart was diagnosed and the patient was transferred to a cardiac intensive care unit. There, laboratory tests revealed significantly elevated markers of myocardial necrosis and the presence of amphetamine in blood and urine. In spite of the institution of treatment the patient developed cardiorespiratory arrest. Advanced resuscitation procedures were undertaken, however, they proved unsuccessful. The presence of an infarction focus was confirmed in autopsy. Toxicological analysis of the blood for the presence of alcohol-like substances detected amphetamine at a concentration of 269.5 ng/ml. After examining the complete body of evidence it was established that the patient had died of acute cardiorespiratory failure secondary to an extensive fresh myocardial infarction. As indicated by the accumulated data, the most probable cause of myocardial infarction was amphetamine poisoning.
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PMID:Amphetamine-related myocardial infarction in a 42-year old man. 2700 67