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Query: UMLS:C0013911 (emaciation)
 1,059 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five cases of anorexia nervosa in males aged 13--23 years are described. Four patients presented to a general medical outpatient clinic with emaciation, and the fifth was diagnosed retrospectively. Sinus bradycardia was a useful pointer to the diagnosis, which was confirmed by the finding of characteristic psychopathological features of a relentless "pursuit of thinness", along with a fear of becoming obese.
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PMID:Anorexia nervosa in males. 8 70

In a retrospective study of case notes a number of experiential and psychological factors were discerned of possible importance to the psychogenesis of anorexia nervosa. These factors included issues of dependence and independence, sexual challenge, concern about obesity, and a variety of other, less specific stresses. Attempts to confirm the findings by means of a prospective study were impeded by difficulties in defining the onset of the illness. While in some patients the occurrence of anorexic type behaviour led immediately to weight loss, in others there was a significant delay between the onset of behavioural change and consequent emaciation.
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PMID:The onset of anorexia nervosa. 28 28

Body composition and aerobic work performance have been studied in 5 boys and 10 girls suffering from anorexia nervosa. The average ages of the two groups of children were 15.4 (boys) and 15.2 (girls) years respectively. Measurements of body composition included height, weight (W), body potassium (40K), skinfold thickness (SFT) at triceps and subscapularis, blood volume (BV) and femoral condylar and radioulnar breadths. From these measurements estimates of fat free weight (FFW), skeletal weight (S) and lean body mass (LBM) were made. Work performance was assessed by measurement of the maximal aerobic power (VO2 max). The patients had lost on average 26% of their former body weight. The boys had on average greater than 7% of their body weight as fat compared with greater than 9% in the girls. However, the loss of weight was not solely due to loss of body fat, but could also be ascribed to a decrease in soft fatfree tissue. LBM or FFW could be estimated as well from SFT as from 40k. vo2 max averaged 1.43 1/min (35.1 ml/kg/min) in the anorexic boys and 1.24 l/min (33.2 ml/kg/min) in the girls and was associated with FFW and LBM. However, VO2 max was lower in relation to LBM than in healthy children of the same age. Thus it was suggested that the emaciation in anorexia is directly attributable to loss of both fat and muscle and accounts in part for the reduction of aerobic power observed. However, an important factor may be the debilitating effect of starvation on the patient, particularly in its advanced and later stages, which reduces his/her level of habitual physical activity.
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PMID:Total body potassium fat free weight and maximal aerobic power in children with anorexia nervosa. 62 81

We noted frequency of body-image disturbance (BID) and dismorphophobias (DPP) in 97 girls and 8 boys among 107 girls and 8 boys with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), seen since 1973 and coming up semiologic criterions of Laboucarie and Dally & Sargant. 91,5% of the girls and 7 out of 8 boys presented a BID at one time of their evolution. The other ones did not form a characteristic group. BID prevailed in no-perception of emaciation. No-perception of overweight was exceptional. That of variations of weight was frequent, explaining to need objective elements to measure real volume. BID seems to result from an incapacity to integrate well individually perceived details into a coherent image. Its apparition signals starting of AN, and it is a fundamental criterion of evolutivity. It's not frequent it's extended to body-image disperception of the close people, but it is often associated to an increase of mental representation of ingested feed volume.
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PMID:[Dysperception of body image and dysmorphophobias in mental anorexia. Apropos of 115 cases involving both sexes. I. Altered mechanisms of perception in mental anorexia]. 72 16

Three female patients with cachexia are reported in whom a psychogenic emaciation (anorexia nervosa) had been assumed. The postpubertal onset of the disease, deliberate limitation of diet, vomiting and subsequent emaciation and--in 2 patients--amenorrhea, as well as demonstrable experience of conflict supported this. The disease ran a lethal course. Autopsy revealed serious somatic diseases (stenosis of the ileum in two cases and brain tumor in one); their symptoms had been largely overlapped by those of anorexia nervosa.
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PMID:[The differential diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Coincidence of somatic disease and psychogenic emaciation (author's transl)]. 81 92

A 41 year old woman with severe emaciation due to longstanding anorexia nervosa presented with recurrent hypoglycaemia. During an episode of hypoglycaemia, serum insulin and C peptide were undetectable and plasma beta hydroxybutyrate, free fatty acids and lactate were inappropriately low. Response to intravenous glucagon was poor. Muscle enzymes were grossly elevated until she gained weight. Hypoglycaemia was abolished by weight gain.
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PMID:Hypoglycaemia associated with anorexia nervosa. 185 66

The case of a young women with dysphagia, regurgitation, and weight loss, who was diagnosed as having anorexia nervosa but in whom reevaluation showed that achalasia was causing the symptoms, is presented together with related observations. Misinterpretation of esophageal symptoms may occur not only as a consequence of inadequate history taking and of being biased by a patient's emaciation, age, and gender, which leads to view certain aspects of the patient's history and behavior as suggesting a pathologic attitude towards eating and body weight, but also as a consequence of a misinterpretation of the symptoms as indicative of an eating disorder by the patients themselves. In some cases a disordered attitude toward eating and body weight may develop together or coexist with achalasia. The clinical evaluation of patients with symptoms suggestive of anorexia nervosa but also of bulimia nervosa should include the taking of a thorough history regarding swallowing and vomiting in order to recognize a possible esophageal motor disorder.
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PMID:Symptoms of achalasia in young women mistaken as indicating primary anorexia nervosa. 227 21

Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) exhibit neuroendocrine abnormalities that may result solely from emaciation or may reflect defective endocrine mechanisms which are intrinsic to disordered eating even in the absence of starvation. To distinguish these possibilities, we have studied indices of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) function in 9 patients with AN, 12 normal weight patients with bulimia and recent or current oligomenorrhea, and 8 normal weight controls. Measurement of 24-hour luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion with 30-min sampling revealed significantly fewer LH secretory spikes and a trend toward lower mean 24-hour LH levels in both bulimic and anorectic patients than in controls. Stimulation with gonadotropin releasing hormone produced elevated LH responses in the bulimic group and blunted LH responses in the anorectic group. Stimulation with estradiol revealed diminished LH augmentative responses and a trend toward diminished follicle stimulating hormone augmentative responses among bulimic as well as AN patients compared to controls. In each instance, the bulimic group tended to show within-group heterogeneity, with some individuals falling within the AN range. These findings suggest that HPG axis abnormalities in eating disordered patients cannot entirely be attributed to emaciation and that factors other than subnormal weight contribute to disturbed hypothalamic-pituitary functioning in these patients.
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PMID:Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function in anorexia nervosa and bulimia. 250 Jun 76

Forty-five adolescent and preadolescent patients (42 females, three males) with anorexia nervosa (AN) were treated in a pediatric day care unit of a large urban hospital by a multidisciplinary team. In our treatment model, the pediatrician has the responsibility for the initial evaluation and physical rehabilitation while the pediatric psychiatrist does the initial evaluation of the patient and family and is available for intervention in an emergency. Parents are actively involved in the treatment program. Family psychotherapy is recommended for each patient and his or her family. Among 45 patients, 24 did not enter psychotherapy during the first 2 months of the refeeding period, while the remaining 21 patients started psychotherapy (family and/or individual) during this period. Weight gain was higher in the group without formal psychotherapy during the initial period of refeeding (7.3 +/- 3.1 kg versus 5 +/- 2.5 kg; p less than 0.01). It is suggested that the initiation of structured psychotherapy is not mandatory and does not contribute to treatment effectiveness in the acute phase when emaciation and negativism may hinder the psychotherapeutic process. We believe a multidisciplinary team, together with the parents, is the treatment of choice during the acute phase of AN.
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PMID:Is psychotherapy mandatory during the acute refeeding period in the treatment of anorexia nervosa? 273 13

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was measured in 10 patients with anorexia nervosa, 6 with hyperthyroid Graves' disease, and 7 with primary hypothyroidism. Patients with anorexia nervosa had a low serum ACE activity (9.8 +/- 2.2 IU/l), as compared to findings in normal subjects (13.4 +/- 3.5 IU/l) (P less than 0.05). Patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease had high serum ACE activity (23.7 +/- 5.8 IU/l), as compared to levels in normal subjects (P less than 0.01), and patients with primary hypothyroidism tended to have low serum ACE activity (10.1 +/- 1.8 IU/l), compared to the normal subjects (P less than 0.1). Following weight gain (before; 71.3 +/- 10.2% of ideal body weight, after; 88.7 +/- 5.6% of ideal body weight), serum ACE activity in patients with anorexia nervosa reverted to within the normal range (13.8 +/- 3.5 IU/l), and serum T3 concentration was restored to the normal range (before; 0.7 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, after; 1.1 +/- 0.3 ng/ml). In these patients, ACE activity correlated with the per cent of ideal body weight (P less than 0.05). These data suggest that, in underweight subjects with anorexia nervosa, decreased serum ACE activities may relate to emaciation.
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PMID:Angiotensin-converting enzyme and anorexia nervosa. 285 17


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