Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013421 (dystonia)
 8,418 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Botulin A has been introduced for the treatment of local dystonia especially blepharospasm and torticollis. Three cases of blepharospasm and 5 cases of torticollis were treated with botulin injections directly into the muscles by a method presented in detail. Good effects were obtained in blepharospasm but very poor in torticollis, which may have been due to too low doses of the toxin and inadequate choice of injection points. The method is safe and in only 1 case transient weakness of the masseters was noted.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Botulin in the treatment of local dystonia]. 130 5

Two cases of involuntary movements of the type of segmental dystonia were observed in patients with a history of multiple sclerosis since many years. The reports on dystonic involuntary movements in multiple sclerosis are scant but, together with the present cases, they suggest that dystonia may be a sign of multiple sclerosis, although a rare one.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Dystonia in multiple sclerosis]. 152 58

Investigations of somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with muscular dystonia meet with difficulties due to abnormal muscle tone and dyskinesia producing myogenic artifacts deforming potentials recorded after their evoking. For obtaining better conditions for recording of somatosensory evoked potentials single dose of DHB was used. Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded before and after operations and during stereotactic thalamotomy of the complex of the VL nucleus in the thalamus. The authors report the results of investigations in the above mentioned three periods of treatment in hospital. The results suggest the hypothesis that DHB affects the cerebellofugal transmission organizing the proper muscle tone.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Effect of dehydrobenzperidol (DHB) on cortical and thalamic somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with muscle dystonia]. 326 37

In the literature the prevalent until now opinion was that writer's cramp was a disturbance of psychic origin or an occupational neurosis. However, the authors treated successfully three cases of this syndrome with thalamotomy in the years 1976-1982. Two cases were in subject with right-handedness who had graphospasm with evidence of increasing difficulty in writing until complete impossibility of further writing, after several years postural and intentional tremor appeared, and dystonic symptoms developed in the right foot. The third cases had a history of 16 years of writer's cramp and after years symptoms of right-sided dystonia with involuntary movements of the right upper extremity and continuous tics and spams of the facial muscles. After thalamotomy in all cases writer's cramp, tremors and involuntary movements disappeared, writing became again possible and the efficiency of right extremities returned. The described cases of writer's clamp were focal forms of dystonia which became generalized after years. The indications to stereotaxic treatment in these syndromes should be established much earlier.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Writer's cramp syndrome treated successfully by thalamotomy]. 329 74

Fifty-five patients were treated with botulin injections into the muscles showing dystonia, contracture or tremor. Twenty two of them had torticollis, 21 had blepharospasm, 10 had hemifacial spasm, and 2 had tremor. In all, 112 injections were done with good result in 64%, slight effect in 27% and without effect in 9% of the cases. Similar results have been reported from other centers in the world. Adverse effects were not significant and disappeared after several days or weeks. They included ptosis, speech and deglutition disturbances, general weakness and neurotic reactions. These adverse effects developed in 12 cases. In cases of tremor the dose as well as the technique of injections must be individualized. The method is an important therapeutic advance and can be applied in outpatient clinics.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Own experience with botulinum treatment of dystonia]. 854 26

There are 3 clinical groups of dystonia: generalized, segmental and focal. Spasmodic torticollis, blepharospasmus, laryngeal dystonia and graphospasmus belong to the focal dystonia. The aetiology of dystonias is not clear but genetic factors are commonly accepted. Treatment with pharmacological and surgical methods is not satisfactory. Botulinum toxin A(BTX) has brought a new approach to the effective treatment of dystonias. Effectiveness of this method is estimated as 60 to 100%, depending on clinical factors, department and author. BTX acts on neuro-muscular junction and produces chemical denervation but the effect is not persistent and after 3 or more months the treatment should be repeated. The method is harmless and can be administered in out-patients practice. Adverse events are observed in 10% patients but they are not serious and transient. Details are described the methods of BTX injections in spasmodic torticollis, blepharospasmus and laryngeal dystonia.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1998
PMID:[Botulinum A toxin in the treatment of focal dystonias]. 960 51

All forms of limb dystonia can be treated with botulin toxin injection. The selection of dystonic muscles and performing the injections in writer's cramp are discussed in detail. Treatment strategy and outcome in other forms of limb dystonia are presented.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1998
PMID:[Treatment of writer's cramp and other forms of limb dystonias with botulinum toxin]. 960 52

Botulinum toxin (BTx) has been administered for many years in the treatment of dystonias with great success. Its effectiveness is comparable with the best drugs. It was observed during spasmodic torticollis treatment that pain disappears as first before clinical improvement of dystonia. Different mechanisms of influence of BTx on pain are discussed. BTx was tried in tension headache, cluster headache, migraine, fibromyositis, painful cramps with varying results. It is possible that BTx will be useful in many other types of pain.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1998
PMID:[Botulinum toxin in the treatment of pain]. 960 54

EMG can be used for both dystonic muscles selection and performing injections of botulinum toxin. The indications for performing injections under EMG guidance in different forms of movement disorders are discussed. There is no need of EMG control in the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. In cervical dystonia the use of EMG guidance can improve the results of treatment in cases of head tilt, retrocollis, shoulder elevation and in more complex forms of dystonia. The injections should be performed under EMG control in patients with limb, oro-mandibular and laryngeal dystonia and with palatal myoclonus.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1998
PMID:[Botulinum toxin injections under electromyographic guidance]. 960 57

The authors present a review of the methods of surgical treatment of spasmodic torticollis, particularly the selective denervation of cervical muscles. Based on the literature and own experience cases treated by means of this method are described. Using selective ramisectomy it is possible to attain permanent improvement in most patients suffering from spasmodic torticollis, with very low complication rate. Our preliminary cases indicates that this method of treatment allows to acquire improvement of quality of life in patients with this particular type of dystonia.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Selective denervation of neck muscles in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Preliminary results]. 1035 32


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