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Query: UMLS:C0013421 (dystonia)
 8,418 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied the records of 84 patients who had idiopathic torsion dystonia. Thirty-seven cases had originally been misdiagnosed as primarily psychiatric illness. Only 1 patient presented with dystonic movements that were clearly part of a more general psychiatric disorder. The authors believe her to be the first reported patient whose dystonia is undeniably of psychogenic origin.
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PMID:Dystonia: a disorder often misdiagnosed as a conversion reaction. 62 28

The clinical features of 12 patients with spasmodic dysphonia are described. In 11 patients, the voice was strained, harsh, tight, and tremulous, and was low in volume and pitch. Speech, which was sometimes barely intelligible, was interrupted by irregular stoppages and catches of the voice; it required considerable effort, and was accompanied by facial grimacing. The dysphonia was part of a more widespread neurological disorder (idiopathic torsion dystonia) in one case, while it coexisted with blepharospasm in another, and with postural tremor in two. There was a buccolingual hyskinesia in another of these 11 patients, but this may have been related to her previous drug regime. In the twelfth patient, who had a familial tremor, the voice was characterised by marked breathiness, with intermittent aphonia. The disorder is probably due to a focal dystonia of the laryngeal musculature, and this would be consistent with the type of neurological disorders that were associated with it in our cases. Symptomatic benefit follows the therapeutic division of one of the recurrent laryngeal nerves, in selected cases.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of spasmodic dysphonia. 65 Feb 44

Cardiovascular reactions of 100 healthy cadets (1st group) and 45 persons with clinical signs of autonomic-vascular dystonia of the cardiac type (2nd group) to submaximal exercises (Harvard step-test of 1800--21000 kgm/min for 5 min with a total workload of 9000--10500 kgm) were investigated. The cardiovascular function was estimated with respect to electrocardiography, polycardiography, carotid artery sphygmography and left ventricular cardiography. After the step-test the 2nd group test subjects showed distinct changes--hypoxia, arrhythmias, disorders in the phase structure of the systole and diastole--which pointed to a decrease of reserve capabilities and resistance of the cardiovascular system.
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PMID:[Importance of the step test for the evaluation of the functional state of the cardiovascular system]. 66 Dec 12

The paper deals with a study of the nervous system in 121 patients with acute poisening with dichlorethane. Among the studied contingent there were 110 males and 11 females. According to the severity of the intoxication the patients were divided into 3 groups: mild--23 cases, moderate--11 cases, severe--87 cases. The following 6 neurological syndromes were distinguished: comatose, convulsive, atactic, extrapyramidal, psychotic and asthenic with vegetative-vascular insufficiency. Morphological studies detected the following: congestion plethora, vascular dystonia, microfoci hemorrhages, acute swelling of the nervous cells with signs of chromatolyses, shrunk cells, severe and ischemic change of the nervous cells. The treatment consisted in an accelerated elimination of dichlorethane from the organism and symptomatic therapy. The results of these studies demonstrated that in poisoning with dichlorethane there were diffuse, mainly dystrophic changes in the cells of the brain and spinal cord, which clinically may be expressed by symptoms of a lesion of many systems and may be qualified as toxic encephalomyelopathy.
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PMID:[Neurologic disorders in acute dichloroethane poisoning]. 66 65

Recent clinical reports have suggested that electromyographic feedback offers promise as a palliative therapy for neuromuscular disorders. This study utilized a single-subject experimental analysis to evaluate the effects of EMG feedback training on a 20-year-old man with adult-onset idiopathic dystonia to achieve control of orofacial dysfunctions. Feedback training produced reductions in levels and variability of tension in facial and forearm muscles, as measured by EMG. Reliable blind observations of facial control indicated that feedback training enabled the patient to produce normal facial relaxation in extraclinical environments.
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PMID:Experimental analysis of EMG feedback in treating dystonia. 66 71

Bilateral cervical posterior rhizotomy of C1 through C4, C5 or C6 was performed in 16 patients affected by dystonia and athetosis resulting from infantile cerebral palsy. The majority showed decreased muscle spasms and athetoid movements, with some improvements in their posture and voluntary mobility. 5 patients suffered from uneven and irregular breathing associated with lethargy immediately postoperatively, and 4 also showed reduced diaphragmatic activity; all 4 of these patients developed pneumonia, transitory in 3, but fatal to the other. Urinary retention lasting for a maximum of 3 months occurred in 4 of the 5 patients. The authors suggest that the lesion of ascending reticular fibers in the cervical posterior roots could have been responsible for the observations.
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PMID:Bilateral cervical posterior rhizotomy: effects on dystonia and athetosis, on respiration and other autonomic functions. 66 10

The results of a comprehensive study of central and cerebral hemodynamics in individuals with the syndrome of neurocirculatory dystonia by means of radionuclide diagnosis are discussed. The shifts revealed provide evidence that hypertonic type of the dystonia syndrome is characterized by increase in the minute cardiac volume, vascular resistance, and minute cardiac output with moderate decrease in the volumetric rate of the cerebral circulation. In hypotonic type of dystonia the volumetric rate of the cerebral circulation is considerably diminished, while central hemodynamics is normal. The study also showed that in the syndrome of neurocirculatory dystonia there was lack of coordination between the systemic and regional cerebral hemodynamics manifested by decrease in the cerebral fraction of the cardiac minute volume.
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PMID:[Circulatory changes in the neurocirculatory asthenia syndrome]. 67 93

Dystonia occurs frequently following administration of neuroleptic or antiemetic drugs. This acute manifestation is not likely to be a simple consequence of reduced dopaminergic activity, because it was never reported to occur following the use of drugs which deplete dopamine stores, like reserpine and tetrabenazine. Based on the fact that dopamine-beta-hydroxylase levels are frequently elevated in patients with the dominant form of torsion dystonia it is suggested that dystonia results from impairment of a normal dopaminergic-noradrenergic balance, in which noradrenergic tone preponderates. A relative norepinephrine hyperactivity may be caused by dopaminergic blockade (as occurs in drug-induced dystonia) or from enhanced release of norepinephrine (in idiopathic torsion dystonia).
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PMID:The pathophysiology of dystonia. 69 Jun 31

The rheologic properties of blood were studied in 40 patients with ischemic heart disease both with affected and with intact cardiac coronary arteries (according to the findings of angiography) and in 13 persons with cardialgia due to vegetovascular dystonia. Significant hemorheologic pathology according to all values was revealed in patients with ischemic heart disease. It was noted that the growth of the fluidity threshold depends on the developing pathologic erythrocyte aggregation which is not associated with changes in the concentration of plasma fibrinogen. The importance of disorders in blood rheology in the origin of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction is discussed.
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PMID:[Rheological properties of the blood in ischemic heart disease]. 69 50

The study is related to a clinical and REG study of 387 patients with cerebral forms of neurocirculatory dystonia, proceeding against the background of normal, increased and decreased arterial pressure. These studies were performed in order to clarify the question of the state of cerebral hemodynamics in this form of vascular pathology. The study detected some general regularities of the changes of cerebral hemodynamics (an increase of the cerebral vascular tone, difficulties of the venous outflow, signs of vascular dystonia in the form of unstable curves and intrahemispheric asymmetry) and some traits in different types of neurocirculatory dystonia as well as some traits of semiotics.
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PMID:[Clinico-rheoencephalographic characteristics of the cerebral form of neurocirculatory dystonia]. 69 2


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