Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013421 (dystonia)
 8,418 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

PRRT2 gene mutations have recently been identified as a causative gene of Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), a rare movement disorder characterised by the occurrence of chorea, dystonia or athetosis triggered by sudden action. Some patients have additional intermittent neurologic disorders like infantile convulsions. The association with migraine has been rarely reported in this condition. Here we report the coexistence of PKD and hemiplegic migraine in twins harbouring a heterozygous mutation in PRRT2. Two monozygotic twins manifesting PKD together with repeated episodes of migraine with some severe attacks of hemiplegic migraine have been followed and treated for more than 10 years. Molecular genetic analysis disclosed the c.649_650insC, p.R217Pfs*8 heterozygous mutation in both twins. This mutation was segregating from the mother who likewise harboured the same mutation c.649dupC although she had never manifested PKD but complained of rare common migraine attacks in her past history. The association of PKD and hemiplegic migraine has been previously reported in one large family, associated to febrile convulsions and afebrile seizures in some individuals, but our report relates this association of symptoms to a mutation in PRRT2. The co-occurrence of both hemiplegic migraine and PKD in monozygotic twins expands the phenotypic spectrum of intermittent manifestations related to PRRT2 and perhaps suggests an additional causing gene for hemiplegic migraine.
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PMID:PRRT2 mutation causes paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and hemiplegic migraine in monozygotic twins. 2318 55

Episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2, MIM#108500) is the most common form of EA and an autosomal-dominant inherited disorder characterized by paroxysmal episodes of ataxia. The disease causative gene CACNA1A encodes for the alpha 1A subunit of the voltage-gated P/Q-type calcium channel. We report on a family with a novel mutation in the CACNA1A gene. The clinical symptoms within the family varied from the typical clinical presentation of EA2 with dysarthria, gait ataxia and oculomotor symptoms to migraine and dystonia. A novel nonsense mutation of the CACNA1A gene was identified in all affected family members and is most likely the disease causing molecular defect. The pharmacological treatment with acetazolamide (AAA) was successful in three family members so far. Treatment with AAA led to a reduction of migraine attacks and an improvement of the dystonia. This relationship confirmed the hypothesis that this novel mutation results in a heterogeneous phenotype and confutes the coincidence with common migraine. Dystonia is potentially included as a further part of the phenotype spectrum of CACNA1A gene mutations.
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PMID:Novel frameshift mutation in the CACNA1A gene causing a mixed phenotype of episodic ataxia and familiar hemiplegic migraine. 2546 64