Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013421 (dystonia)
 8,418 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tuberculous arachnoiditis of the spine is a rare complication of tuberculous meningitis and can occur despite correct treatment. We report two cases of arachnoiditis in patients with tuberculous meningitis. In both cases, clinical signs included flaccid paraparesia and sphincter dystonia. Evidence for diagnosis was obtained with magnetic resonance imaging of the lombosacral spine after a 3 or 11 week course. Adding corticosteroids to the anti-tuberculosis therapy provided spectacular clinical improvement within 8 days in both cases. The diagnosis of tuberculous arachnoiditis of the spine is often made late but can be confirmed easily with magnetic resonance imaging. Our cases emphasize the importance of oral corticosteroid therapy to avoid severe sequellae.
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PMID:[Spinal tuberculous arachnoiditis]. 894 44

Brainstem tuberculoma is exceptionally observed. We report a 44 year-old immunocompetent man with proven diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis (TBC) who developed a complex neurological syndrome characterized by right ophtalmoplegia, left-sided hemiparesis and hemihypoesthesia and a gross ipsilateral postural and action tremor with hand dystonia. A ponto-mesencephalic mass was detected by CT and MRI studies of the brain. Clinical, bacteriological and neuroimaging studies allowed to suspect a ponto-mesencephalic tuberculoma. Long-term therapy with anti-TBC drugs and steroids was started, achieving clinical and imaging improvement which retrospectively confirmed the diagnosis. Although with less amplitude, tremor persisted but a complete disappearance of focal dystonia was observed. The pathogenesis of both abnormal movements is particularly discussed since hand dystonia has never been mentioned in the literature as a consequence of brainstem damage.
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PMID:[Focal dystonia and tremor secondary to brain stem tuberculoma]. 964 32

One hundred and forty-four new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined. The examination revealed the following neurological syndromes: vegetovascular dystonia, disseminated cerebral microsymptoms, focal lesion of the brain, sensory polyneuropathy. The presence of positive specific basophilic degranulation reactions and intracutaneous tuberculin test suggests that the body shows allergic reactions in response to Mycobacteria tuberculosis. And since connective tissue that presents in the vessels and tunics in the nervous system is involved into a pathological process in allergy, neurological disorders are always secondary in tuberculosis and due to the primary vascular wall lesion that following the type of secondary allergic vasculitis.
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PMID:[Neurological manifestations of tuberculosis]. 1150 30

Seven hundred and twelve patients with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were examined; neurosensory hypoacusis was detected in 12.2% of the cases. The above patients underwent neurological, otolaryngological, and immunological studies. Second- and third-degree hypoacusis was found in 13.7 and 86.3%, respectively. Neurological syndromes were identified. These included vegetovascular dystonia in 50.5% of the patients, multiple cerebral minor symptoms in 45.5%, focal cerebral lesion in 4%/Comparison of the severity of nerve system disease and the level of hypoacusis has indicated that the more severe neurological disorders, neurosensory hypoacusis becomes more aggravated (K = 0.57). Positive skin Mantoux tests in all patients with neurosensory hypoacusis showed their allergization to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the examined patients, specific basophilic deformability (SBD) rates in the tuberculin test were 17.5 +/- 1.3% g, which differed significantly (p < 0.001) from those in the controls (5.1 +/- 0.9%). In second-degree neurosensory hypoacusis, SBD rates were significantly higher than those in first-degree one, which suggests that the allergic factor contributes to the development of neurosensory hypoacusis in the presence of tuberculosis. The values of antibodies to myeloperoxidase (1.869 +/- 0.02 optical density units (ODU) and to IgE (416.386 +/- 0.391 I.U./ml) significantly differed from those in the control group (0.08 +/- 0.02 ODU and 96.667 +/- 0.441 I.U./ml, respectively), which is indicative of primary lesions of minute blood vessels as the type of vasculitis and secondary nervous tissue involvement. Thus, allergic, vascular, and immune mechanisms are the main pathophysiological ones of neurosensory hypoacusis in the presence of first diagnosed and untreated tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Neurosensory deafness: immunological aspects]. 1452 2

Free GABA levels were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 74 neurological patients suffering from cerebral cysticercosis (n = 9), Parkinson's disease (n = 5), multiple sclerosis (n = 6), epilepsy (n = 24), meningeal tuberculosis (n = 6), viral encephalitis (n = 3), cerebrovascular disease (n = 8) and several kinds of dystonia (n = 5). A statistical significant four-fold elevation in free GABA levels was found in patients with cerebral cysticercosis. A non statistical significant two-fold increase in free GABA levels was also encountered in the CSF of patients affected by cerebrovascular disease and viral encephalitis. No changes in CSF free GABA levels were found in patients suffering from any of the other disorders. It is suggested that free GABA levels may be elevated in the CSF of patients suffering from neurological diseases which course with inflammation and tissular necrosis such as cerebral cysticercosis. Much work is needed however to establishd whether CSF free GABA levels can be used as a diagnostic tool in at least some type of these patients.
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PMID:Free-GABA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients suffering from several neurological diseases Its potential use for the diagnosis of diseases which course with inflammation and tissular necrosis. 2417 37

Actual indications for surgery in tuberculosis are limited to obtaining a diagnosis, acquiring tissue for culture studies, treating hydrocephalus, aspiring a brain abscess, and reducing intracranial pressure in patients with multiple tuberculomas. Tuberculosis-related movement disorders are usually treated pharmacologically. We report on a child affected by post-tubercular generalized dystonia, who progressed to status dystonicus (SD) and underwent stereotactic bilateral pallidotomy. After surgery, SD resolved, and drugs were rapidly tapered. The successful reversal of SD and the motor improvement observed in our patient demonstrate the safety, feasibility, and clinical efficacy of pallidotomy in post-tuberculous-meningoencephalitis dystonia and SD.
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PMID:An unusual surgical indication for cerebral tuberculosis: status dystonicus. Case report. 2976 38