Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vagal afferents are extensively distributed in the digestive tract from the oesophagus to the colon. They are involved in the reflex control of normal gastrointestinal (GI) tract function (e.g. secretion and motility) as well as reflexes more characteristic of diseases such as functional dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (e.g. vomiting, disordered lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and gastric accommodation). They are also implicated in signalling non-painful sensations (e.g. nausea and early satiety) associated with disease. A variety of receptors has been identified on vagal afferents, which can either enhance (e.g. 5-HT3, CCK1, VR1 and NK1 receptors) or reduce (e.g. ghrelin, leptin, k-opioid and GABAB receptors) activity, offering a range of potential therapeutic targets. Commonly used laboratory species (e.g. rat and mouse) lack an emetic reflex, and the implications of this for models of upper GI disorders have been explored in the light of expanding knowledge of the neuropharmacology of the emetic reflex implicating glutamate, prostanoids, cannabinoids and substance P. Additional pathophysiological roles for vagal afferents (e.g. in thermoregulation, arousal and fatigue) are being investigated, raising the intriguing possibility of the vagus as a target in non-GI disorders.
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PMID:Abdominal vagal afferent neurones: an important target for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction. 1248 26

The immunohistochemical distribution of capsaicin/vanilloid (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, TRPV1) receptors and neuropeptides (CGRP, SP) was studied in the gastrointestinal mucosal biopsies of patients with gastritis, erosions, ulcers, polyps, adenocarcinoma, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, polyps without and with hyperplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in colon. The studies were carried out in 127 patients and 30 people with only functional dyspepsia (without any histological alteration). The results were: (1) the positivity of TRPV1 receptor and CGRP was detected, and weak participation of SP was detected in patients with different gastric diseases; (2) the presence of TRPV1, CGRP and SP could be detected in chronic inflammation of bowel disease; (3) SP could not detected in patients with colon polyps, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma; (4) the presence of TRPV1 and CGRP was proved in colon dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. We conclude that (1) the immunohistochemical distribution of TRPV1, CGRP and SP differs in gastrointestinal diseases of the upper and lower tract, and (2) the participation of TRPV1, CGRP and SP differs significantly in these different gastrointestinal diseases.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical distribution of vanilloid receptor, calcitonin-gene related peptide and substance P in gastrointestinal mucosa of patients with different gastrointestinal disorders. 1625 36

Capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves (CSANs) are involved in the protection of gastric mucosa. To clarify the role of CSANs in human Helicobacter pylori-negative or -positive chronic gastritis, after bacterium detection by rapid urease test, (14)C urea breath test, and specific histological staining, the immunodistribution of capsaicin receptor, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P (SP) was studied in 21 H. pylori-positive and 30 H. pylori-negative patients with chronic gastritis and 20 patients with functional dyspepsia (as histologically healthy controls). The expression of capsaicin receptor, CGRP, and SP was significantly higher in the mucosa of patients with chronic gastritis than in controls, however, no significant difference was obtained in the immunodistribution in patients with H. pylori-negative versus H. pylori-positive gastritis. In conclusion, CSANs participate in the development of human gastritis, however, their participation does not depend on the presence of Helicobacter pylori as a causative factor.
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PMID:Participation of capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves in the gastric mucosa of patients with Helicobacter pylori-positive or-negative chronic gastritis. 1719 20