Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical studies show that patients with liver cirrhosis associated with portal hypertension have a high incidence of duodenal ulcer and duodenitis. However, little information is available concerning pathophysiological process of such duodenal diseases in liver cirrhosis. Hemodynamics of the duodenal mucosa was studied in cirrhotics with esophageal varices (68 cases) and in noncirrhotics with non-ulcer dyspepsia (37 cases) as well. In each group, hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral venous blood was measured, and mucosal hemodynamics was examined in 4 regions of the duodenum by endoscopic reflectance spectrophotometer. No significant intergroup difference was noted in the mean age or sex ratio. Hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral venous blood was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in the cirrhotics. There were no significant intergroup differences in duodenal mucosal blood volume. However, the cirrhotics showed significantly lower oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in all regions of the duodenum (p less than 0.01). These results show that the cirrhotics with esophageal varices had relative increase in blood volume and decrease in oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the duodenal mucosa. Such microcirculatory disturbances seem to predispose liver cirrhosis patients to duodenal injury.
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PMID:Duodenal mucosal hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis. 226 Apr 99

Copper refinery workers exposed to selenium were studied before, during, and after a shutdown period. Urine selenium levels were 83 +/- 30 mumol/mol creatinine and 69 +/- 27 mumol/mol creatinine when measured on two occasions during exposure compared with 56 +/- 17 mumol/mol creatinine when the workers had been free of exposure for 10 wk during a shutdown. The refinery workers reported more nose and eye irritation, indigestion, stomach pain, and fatigue than controls. "Garlic-like" breath odor was reported to be personally and socially offensive by many of the workers. Reporting of symptoms, pulmonary function indices, and laboratory test results did not change with exposure except for hemoglobin level, which rose during the shutdown. Hemoglobin levels were found to be inversely correlated with the urine selenium level, and there was a positive correlation noted for the interactive effect of urine selenium and urine arsenic levels on hemoglobin.
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PMID:Health status of copper refinery workers with specific reference to selenium exposure. 268 43

Dietary intakes of two groups of gastrointestinal patients, one group with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)--Crohn's disease or chronic ulcerative colitis--and the other with functional disorders (FD)--irritable bowel syndrome, nonulcer dyspepsia, or gastroesophageal reflux disease, were assessed by means of 48-hour recalls. The relationships between dietary intake and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were examined. The IBD group had lower mean serum albumin and hemoglobin levels (p less than .05); however, FD patients had less adequate diets. The mean energy intake of women with FD was significantly lower than that of women with IBD (p less than .05) and was associated with inadequate or marginal intakes of many nutrients. Comparison of nutrient intakes between the IBD and FD groups revealed a significantly lower mean intake of folate, ascorbic acid, and vitamin A for women with FD than for women with IBD (p less than .05). In general, women had poorer diets and a higher prevalence of abnormal biochemical parameters than men. One notable feature of the dietary pattern of the women was that they consumed less meat than the general population consumed. Increasing meat consumption would improve the intake of many nutrients, including protein and iron. The results of this study suggest that more attention should be given to the adequacy of dietary intakes of gastrointestinal patients in general and of women in particular.
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PMID:Nutritional status of gastroenterology outpatients: comparison of inflammatory bowel disease with functional disorders. 406 54

The comparative safety of nabumetone (1,000-2,000 mg/day) versus diclofenac (100-200 mg/day), naproxen (500-1,500 mg/day), piroxicam (10-20 mg/day), and ibuprofen (1,200-3,200 mg/day) was evaluated in a 12-week, randomized, open-label, multicenter study. Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were enrolled in a 3:1 ratio (nabumetone:one of the four comparator NSAIDs). The incidence of > or = 1 adverse event considered by the investigator to be related or probably related to therapy was similar in all groups. However, significantly (p < 0.02) more diclofenac-treated patients experienced abdominal pain and/or gastritis than nabumetone-treated patients. Naproxen-treated patients experienced significantly (p < 0.002) more dyspepsia as compared with patients treated with nabumetone or ibuprofen and significantly (p < or = 0.001) more nabumetone-treated patients experienced diarrhea than patients treated with naproxen, ibuprofen, or piroxicam. Ulcers occurred in one (0.03%) nabumetone-treated patient versus six (0.5%) patients treated with one of the comparator NSAIDs (p = 0.001). A decrease in hemoglobin > or = 1.5 g/dL occurred in fewer nabumetone-treated patients than in patients treated with diclofenac (p < 0.04), ibuprofen (p < or = 0.04), or piroxicam (p = 0.055). Finally, a similar percentage of patients in all treatment groups withdrew from the study because of adverse events related or probably related to treatment. More (p < 0.001) diclofenac-treated patients withdrew because of elevated hepatic transaminases than patients treated with the other agents. Withdrawal because of gastritis was also noted for more diclofenac-treated patients than nabumetone-treated patients (p < 0.04). In conclusion, nabumetone was demonstrated to be at least as safe as diclofenac, piroxicam, ibuprofen, and naproxen as related to subjective complaints, such as dyspepsia or gastritis. However, more serious events, such as ulcers or meaningful decreases in hemoglobin, seem to occur less often with nabumetone.
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PMID:Safety experience with nabumetone versus diclofenac, naproxen, ibuprofen, and piroxicam in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. 835 97

Menetrier's disease (MD) or polyadenomes en nappe is a form of hypertrophic gastropathy occurring primarily in middle-aged males. Patients generally present clinically with dyspepsia and, on occasion, with hypoproteinemic edema and anemia. The latter feature, when combined with the radiographic appearance of the stomach in MD, can lend to confusion with carcinoma and malignant lymphoma. To illustrate this diagnostic problem, a case is reported of a 41-year-old female who initially presented to her family physician with symptoms of easy fatigue and dyspnea on exertion and signs of pallor and ankle edema. Pertinent laboratory findings included a hemoglobin of 2.8 g/dL, hematocrit of 10.3 percent, mean corpuscular volume of 63.4 mu 3, a serum albumin of 2.7 g/dL, and heme positive stools. Endoscopic examination revealed a circumferential polypoid mass involving the cardia and fundus of the stomach with relative sparing of the antrum. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a large mass in the stomach which the radiologists and gastroenterologists believed probably represented a lymphoma or gastric carcinoma. A total gastrectomy specimen exhibited features of MD. Routine bright-field microscopy and immunohistochemical reactivity for transforming growth factor-alpha confirmed the diagnosis of MD. Moreover, ulceration of the tips of some of the hypertrophied gastric folds provided an explantation for the iron deficiency anemia. Awareness that MD may present with anemia will help in the differential diagnosis with lymphoma and carcinoma.
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PMID:Menetrier's disease presenting with iron deficiency anemia. 951 79

As part of a symposium on laboratory medicine, a colloquium on point-of-care testing was held in June 1999 where four experts were invited to produce recommendations and opinions on the use of point-of-care testing under various clinical venues. Each commented on costs for providing POCT services. A total of eleven recommendations and four opinions were rendered and discussed in an open forum. While one expert concluded that some forms of POCT are less expensive than central laboratory testing if entire laboratory workstations are eliminated, another expert suggested that POCT offered little advantage if rapid transport systems are available. A recommendation was made that POCT be considered for analytes that have a required reporting turnaround time of <30 min, and that the goals for precision and accuracy should be dictated by the clinical need and not by analytical limitations. Recommendations for POCT in specific clinical situations include use of glycated hemoglobin and urine albumin testing with personal glucose monitoring at the time of consultation, use of glycated albumin for gestational diabetes, leukocyte esterase and nitrite testing in urine to screen for urinary tract infections, coagulation tests for monitoring patients on oral anticoagulant therapy and in the operating room, testing for H. pylori for patients with dyspepsia, and cardiac markers and urine drugs-of-abuse testing in the emergency department.
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PMID:Recommendations and opinions for the use of point-of-care testing for hospitals and primary care: summary of a 1999 symposium. 1116 17

Information on the use of drugs during pregnancy is scarce and rather anecdotal. Careful consideration of the benefit to the mother and the risk to the fetus is required when prescribing drugs during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge on this issue in western Nepal. 2156 prescriptions of pregnant women were collected at random from the antenatal care (ANC) in obstetrics out-patient department (OPD) at Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH), Nepal and analyzed for this study. The mean maternal age and hemoglobin concentration were 25 years and 12.21 g/dl, respectively. Twenty-three percent women attended obstetric OPD due to maternal disorders other than routine ANC (77%). Problem oriented drug use was due to nausea/vomiting (4.7%), dyspepsia (3.1%), and per vaginal spotting/bleeding (3.4%), mainly. Most of the women got 2-3 drugs and commonly included nutritional supplementation and tetanus toxoid. The average number of drugs/prescription was 2.00, 15.37% and 64.8% drugs were prescribed by generic name and as fixed dose combinations, respectively. The most commonly prescribed drugs were nutritional supplements like iron, folate, calcium, vitamins (72.8%), followed by tetanus toxoid (12.4%), gastrointestinals (5%), antimicrobials (4.6%), etc. Though, the selection of drugs was rational in most of the cases, some anomalies were observed and discussed with the clinicians. Our data reflect the general extent and prescribing pattern for those Nepalese pregnant women attending hospital in western Nepal.
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PMID:A study of drug use during pregnancy in a teaching hospital in western Nepal. 1273 75

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is an acquired disease of the esophagus, in which esophageal squamous epithelium is changed by injury from reflux to metaplastic intestinal type columnar epithelium. BE is the premalignant lesion of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. It is widely accepted that the long-standing reflux of gastric acid is a catalyst for the development of BE. More recent work points toward the reflux of duodenal secretions as a catalyst in this disease process as well. Moreover, the time course for the development of BE once a patient has reflux is not known. Our case challenges the currently defined time course of "long-standing" reflux symptoms for the development of BE, and supports the role of duodenal secretions alone in the development of BE. A 68-yr-old Caucasian man was admitted with weight loss, left upper quadrant pain, a hemoglobin of 6.8, and heme-positive stool. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed normal esophageal mucosa and a mass in the gastric cardia. Biopsies showed moderately differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a total gastrectomy, distal esophagectomy, and a Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. Pathology confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma (T1 N0 Mx). The distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction in the resected specimen were grossly and microscopically normal. Six months later an EGD, prompted by new complaints of regurgitation and dyspepsia, revealed distal esophageal mucosa lined by red-colored columnar tissue. Biopsies showed intestinal type epithelium. Thus, our case report's contribution to the current literature is twofold. It provides evidence of development of BE solely from duodenal reflux, and it documents a relatively short time span to development of BE.
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PMID:Development of Barrett's esophagus six months after total gastrectomy. 1555 10

The article is dedicated to a clinical trial of Bifidumbacterin Multi-1, a biologically active food supplement (BAFS) for children aged 0 to 3 years. The study showed that application of BAFS in children with intestinal dysbiosis helped to cope with the symptoms of alimentary disturbances, promoted improvement of body mass index, increase of hemoglobin end erythrocyte level, suppression of zymotic and putrefactive dyspepsia, decrease of inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, elimination of bibidobacterial deficit, and reduction of conditionally pathogenic microflora. Bifidumbacterin Multi-1 was well tolerated and highly effective according to clinical and laboratory data. This preparation may be recommended as a component of complex therapy in children aged 0 to 3 years old.
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PMID:[Experience of pediatric application of bifidumbacterin multi, a biologically active food supplement]. 1640 80

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in elderly people. The clinico-hematological profile and treatment outcome of patients with CLL were assessed using retrospective case record analysis over 11 years. There were 95 (75 males: 20 females) patients with a median age of 61 years. Thirty patients were aged 55 years or less (young CLL patients) and 65 were more than 55 years of age (elder CLL patients). Sixty percent patients had non-specific complaints, such as weakness, cough and indigestion. Twenty-six (27%) patients had pallor and 24 (25%) had fever as initial presenting manifestation. Bleeding manifestations were seen in 7 patients. Seven patients were diagnosed incidentally. Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were seen in 52 (55%), 63 (66%) and 60 (63%) patients, respectively. The median white blood cell count and absolute lymphocyte counts were 70,600 and 51,490/mul, respectively. Three patients had autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Twenty-five patients (26%) had anemia with hemoglobin < 11 g/dl and thrombocytopenia with platelet count 100 x 10(3)/mm(3) was seen in 17 (18%). Interstitial nodular, mixed and diffuse bone marrow (BM) involvement was seen in 10.2, 67.3, 6.1 and 16.3% cases, respectively. Eighteen (60%) young patients and 35 (54%) older patients required treatment with chlorambucil. The mean time from initial diagnosis to treatment was 4.6 +/- 10.7 months. None of our patient attained complete response. Six patients obtained partial response. Median duration of chlorambucil was 7 months (1-86 months). Forty-six patients had stable disease. Three patients died. Median survival of study group was 4 years (8 months-13 years). In older CLL it was 4 years (8 months-11 years) and in young patients, survival duration was 5.5 years (1-13 years).
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PMID:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in India--a clinico-hematological profile. 1755 98


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