Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Despite much debate over a presumptively somatic vs psychological etiology of nonatopic food and chemical sensitivities, little systematic research has addressed the issues. The present study investigated self-reported illness from several common foods (wheat, dairy, eggs) and chemicals (pesticide, car exhaust, paint, perfume, new carpet), symptom patterns, and psychological profiles of a sample of young adult college students (n = 490, age 19.4 +/- 2.4, 52% female/48% male). Subjects were divided into 4 groups on the basis of sample medians for frequency of illness from the foods (FI) and chemicals (CI); high FI with high CI (FI/CI), high FI alone, high CI alone, and NOILL (low FI and CI). FI was associated with more defensiveness (denial of negativity) while CI was linked with more shyness (avoidance of novelty). Women outnumbered men in all groups (FI/CI: 61%; FI: 80% CI: 55%) except the NOILL (40% women). Nevertheless, the FI/CI, FI, and/or CI groups still had significantly higher total symptom scores as well as more indigestion, headache, and memory trouble than did the NOILL group, even after depression, anxiety, shyness, defensiveness, and gender were covaried. The illness groups reported significantly more limitation of foods that mobilize endogenous opioids or generate exogenous opioids (sweets, fats, bread) as well as more illness from opiate drugs, small amounts of beverage alcohol, and late meals. Nasal symptoms from pollens or animals were more common in the FI/CI (42%) and CI (42%) than in FI (26%) or NOILL (28%) groups. Premenstrual tension syndrome and irritable bowel were also more common in the FI/CI group. The findings indicate that young adults outside the clinical setting who are relatively higher in FI and/or CI have distinctive symptom and psychological patterns. Covariate analyses suggest that important symptoms in FI and CI individuals such as indigestion, headache, and memory problems may occur in addition to rather than as simply part of emotional distress. The data are consistent with a previously hypothesized role of olfactory-limbic and hypothalamic pathways and with a time-dependent sensitization model for illness from foods and chemicals.
J Am Coll Nutr 1993 Dec
PMID:Symptom and personality profiles of young adults from a college student population with self-reported illness from foods and chemicals. 829 25

Non-ulcer dyspepsia is a common disorder in clinical practice. The pathogenesis and predisposing factors that lead to the development of Helicobacter pylori infection are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients with delayed gastric emptying and those with normal gastric emptying, and to determine if delayed gastric emptying predisposes to H. pylori infection. A total of 70 patients (29 males, 41 females) aged 18-59 years (mean +/- S.D. 40.5 +/- 11.2 years) took part in the study. A solid-phase scintigraphic gastric emptying study and 14C urea breath test were performed on each patient. There was no statistically significant difference in age between those patients with and without delayed gastric emptying (40.8 +/- 11.9 vs 40.4 +/- 10.5 years), or between those with and without H. pylori infection (40.5 +/- 12.6 vs 40.5 +/- 9.8 years). Of the 70 patients, 45 (64.3%) had delayed gastric emptying and 25 (35.7%) had normal gastric emptying. The overall incidence of H. pylori infection was 58.6%. The incidence of H. pylori infection among patients with delayed gastric emptying was 60% (27/45 patients) and among patients with normal gastric emptying 56% (14/25) patients). The incidence of H. pylori infection in the two groups was not significantly different. The incidence of H. pylori infection in the non-ulcer dyspepsia patients in this study was similar to that of age-matched asymptomatic volunteers in Taiwan. In conclusion, based on the results of this study, delayed gastric emptying does not lead to a predisposition to H. pylori infection in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients.
Nucl Med Commun 1995 Dec
PMID:Delayed gastric emptying does not predispose to Helicobacter pylori infection in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients. 871 89

This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, randomized study assessed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a novel CCK-B antagonist CI-988 in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Patients received placebo or CI-988 (300 mg/day, thrice daily) for 4 weeks. Patients with a primary diagnosis of GAD according to DSM-III-R criteria were randomized. The study design included a 1- to 2-week single-blind placebo baseline phase, followed by a 4-week double-blind treatment phase. Efficacy was measured weekly by Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Clinical Global Impressions of Severity and Change, UCLA-Multi Dimensional Anxiety Scale, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Patients were also evaluated to determine whether they met criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) at screening and were evaluated with a gastrointestinal visual analog scale at each visit. Eighty-eight patients were randomized to CI-988 (N = 45) and placebo (N = 43) at three centers. CI-988 did not demonstrate an anxiolytic effect superior to placebo in this clinical trial. There was no significant difference in mean change in HAM-A total between placebo (-7.73) and CI-988 (-8.64). However, a significant treatment-by-center interaction and a highly variable placebo response rate among the three centers limit the interpretation of the results. CI-988 did not have an effect on symptoms of IBS other than diarrhea, which worsened in patients with IBS. Other than a higher incidence of some gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, and nausea), CI-988 was well tolerated. Results suggest that testing higher oral doses of CI-988 may be warranted.
J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995 Dec
PMID:A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a CCK-B receptor antagonist, CI-988, in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. 874 32

Chronic pancreatitis is commonly included among the organic causes of dyspepsia, however the frequency and characteristics of this association are ill-defined. One-hundred-fifteen consecutive patients with chronic pancreatitis and 85 healthy subjects were interviewed regarding their clinical history, with particular attention to dyspeptic symptoms. Attacks of prolonged upper abdominal pain, recurring at unpredictable intervals and in most cases without identifiable triggering factors, were the most frequent clinical manifestation (108, 94%). During the attacks, many patients (66, 61%) complained of vomiting, which was generally mild and of brief duration. Between the attacks, very few patients (12, 10%) complained of dyspeptic disturbances, mainly postprandial epigastric fullness and abdominal bloating. These complaints were episodic, usually after abundant meals, in 8, and persistent in the remaining 4. Among these 12 patients, there were no significant differences in the frequency of dyspeptic symptoms in relation to the severity of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The frequency of dyspeptic complaints among patients (10%) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than the frequency of dyspeptic symptoms among the controls (25%). The results of this study indicate that, other than recurrent attacks of abdominal pain, dyspeptic symptoms are uncommon in chronic pancreatitis, and that impairment of digestion of pancreatic origin is not a cause of dyspepsia.
Ital J Gastroenterol 1995 Dec
PMID:Is chronic pancreatitis a cause of dyspepsia? 891 18

Gastric lymphoma is an uncommon condition, usually presenting with epigastric pain and/or dyspepsia. There is now good evidence that infection with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is etiologically important. We report here a case of primary gastric lymphoma presenting with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia and achlorhydria in which there was evidence of previous, but not current, infection with Hp. Vitamin B12 deficiency was proven to be due to intrinsic factor deficiency. To our knowledge, this condition has not previously been reported.
Am J Gastroenterol 1996 Dec
PMID:Primary gastric lymphoma presenting with vitamin B12 deficiency and achlorhydria. 894 96

Although manometric antral hypomotility and delayed gastric emptying have been reported separately in patients with dyspepsia, relationships between symptoms, antral contractility and emptying rate have not been sought. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate, simultaneously, gastric antral excursion characteristics and emptying in a sub-group of patients with severe functional dyspepsia using high-resolution real-time ultrasound. The circumference of the relaxed and contracted antrum was measured at 15-min intervals after ingestion of a 360 mL mixed nutrient meal in 36 chronic dyspepsia patients with symptoms of post-prandial bloating and epigastric distension, and in 25 healthy volunteers. Antral emptying (measured as the rate of decrease in circumference of the relaxed antrum) was slower in patients than normals (P = 0.02). In both groups, the average values for antral excursion were similar but the range of excursion in patients was significantly wider than in controls (F < 0.001), with 11 patients showing values above, and 8 showing values below the normal range. There was no relationship between antral emptying and antral excursion in either patients or volunteers. In conclusion, patients with severe functional dyspepsia show a wide range of antral performance characteristics, suggesting not only that the mechanisms responsible for the control of antral motor function are disturbed but also that the cause of the symptoms and the disturbed antral motor function are probably not directly related.
Neurogastroenterol Motil 1996 Dec
PMID:Evaluation of gastric antral motor performance in patients with dysmotility-like dyspepsia using real-time high-resolution ultrasound. 934 77

The aim of this article is to determine, by reviewing the literature, whether treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia affects symptoms. Ten publications were identified through a computerized and manual literature search, and the percentage of patients with symptom improvement after successful or unsuccessful eradication therapy for H. pylori infection was calculated. In the 10 studies, symptom improvement after treatment was found in 73% of the patients that became H. pylori-negative and 45% of the patients that remained H. pylori-positive. Symptom improvement was modified by various clinical features and methodological aspects. If eradication of H. pylori failed, symptoms only improved over a short period. Symptom improvement was more pronounced in dyspeptic patients in whom H. pylori was eradicated than in those in whom H. pylori infection persisted.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1996 Dec
PMID:Review article: symptom improvement through eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. 897 Dec 79

The aim of the present study was to evaluate potential differences in psychosocial status and work environment between native Swedes and immigrants living in Gothenburg, Sweden. A number of psychiatric, occupational and socio-economic factors were analysed by questionnaire in 1040 men born in 1944 out of 1302 selected. The immigrants (n = 182) who participated in the study used psychopharmacological drugs more extensively than native Swedes. They were more dissatisfied, had traits of depression, frequent sleeping problems, dyspepsia and headaches compared with the native Swedes. The immigrants were more often out of work, and those who were gainfully employed were more dissatisfied with their current work and their colleagues, had a lower influence on the work situation, felt a lower degree of work demands, more seldom attempted to alter their work situation when having problems, and had a more frequent desire to change their type of work. Furthermore, immigrants more often than Swedes were living under poor housing standards, indicating a low socio-economic status. They felt a low degree of time pressure and had more often experienced a serious life event compared to native Swedes. It was concluded that immigrants were more affected by psychiatric, occupational and socio-economic disabilities and handicaps than native Swedes, indicating that immigrants are a vulnerable group in Swedish society.
Scand J Soc Med 1996 Dec
PMID:A comparative review of psychosocial and occupational environment in native Swedes and immigrants. 898 94

The efficacy and safety of the standardized herbal combination preparation of Enteroplant, consisting of peppermint oil (90 mg) and caraway (50 mg) in an enteric coated capsule, have been studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. A total of 45 patients were included in the trial after thorough physical and gastro-enterological examination. The primary outcome variables were the change in the intensity of pain and the global clinical impression (Clinical Global Impression [CGI], Item 2), which were evaluated for 39 patients (test preparation: 19, placebo: 20). After four weeks of treatment both target parameters were significantly improved for the group of patients treated with the peppermint oil/caraway oil combination compared to the placebo group (p = 0.015 and 0.008, respectively). Before the start of treatment all patients in the test preparation group reported moderate to severe pain, while by the end of the study 63.2% of these patients were free of pain. The pain symptoms had improved in a total of 89.5% of the patients in the active treatment group. After 4 weeks the Clinical Global Impressions were improved for 94.5% of the patients treated with the peppermint oil/caraway oil combination. The trial medication was also superior to placebo with respect to pain frequency, medical prognosis, the severity of the disorder and the efficacy index (CGI, Items 1 and 3), which were adopted as secondary end-points for evaluation of efficacy. There were similarly favourable findings for the herbal combination, compared with placebo, with respect to the reduction of other gastrointestinal symptoms. The combination preparation was found to be excellently tolerated. There was a total of 7 adverse events (test preparation: 4, placebo: 3), with a causal association with the treatment being ascribed in one case for the test preparation group and one case for the placebo group.
Arzneimittelforschung 1996 Dec
PMID:Efficacy of a fixed peppermint oil/caraway oil combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia. 900 90

Functional disorders like functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome and non-cardiac chest pain are common diseases. No organic lesion can be found to explain the often disabling symptoms. Typical features of functional dyspepsia are anxiety, depression, neuroticism, visceral hypersensitivity, abnormal autonomic nerve activity with a weak vagal and an higher sympathetic tone, and impairment of gastric accommodation. This last abnormality may be due to weak vagal tone and poor adaptive relaxation of the proximal stomach. The degree of dysfunction of the variables is sometimes correlated, suggesting that the pathogenetic factors may be interacting in a viscious circle. Medical therapy is often unsuccessful, but extensive research in the field has given better insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms, giving hope for new therapeutic modalities, including visceral analgesics. It may still be difficult, however, to distinguish organic from functional disorders. Reliable tests of visceral hypersensitivity would be helpful in this respect.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1996 Dec 10
PMID:[When you get a gut feeling...]. 901 85


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