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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the functional importance of impaired reticular contractions attributable to inflammatory adhesions in the pathogenesis of vagus indigestion in cows with traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP). DESIGN--Case control study. ANIMALS--42 dairy cows with TRP were compared with 10 healthy control cows. Cows with TRP were assigned to 3 groups: cows with uncomplicated TRP (n = 15), cows with TRP and a disturbance of digesta passage through the reticular-omasal orifice (TRP-AD; n = 17), and cows with TRP and a disturbance of digesta passage through the pylorus (TRP-PD; n = 10). PROCEDURE--Cows were evaluated, using routine clinical methods, biochemical analysis of blood and ruminal fluid samples, exploratory rumenotomy, and postmortem examination. RESULTS--Damage of thoracic and abdominal parts of the main vagal branches were not evident in cows with TRP. Parareticular inflammatory adhesions were more extensive in cows with TRP-AD and in cows with TRP-PD than in cows with uncomplicated TRP. Reticular motility was decreased in cows with TRP-AD and TRP-PD, compared with cows with uncomplicated TRP and control cows. In contrast to cows with uncomplicated TRP and cows with TRP-AD, the abomasum was impacted with large amounts of long fibrous material in most of the cows with TRP-PD. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS--We believe that disturbances of digesta passage in cows with TRP represent distinct stages of a common pathogenetic course. The primary disease mechanism was a disturbance in particle-separating processes in the reticulum/rumen attributable to mechanical inhibition of reticular motility that was the result of extensive inflammatory parareticular adhesions.
J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995 Dec 15
PMID:Evaluation of the pathogenesis of vagus indigestion in cows with traumatic reticuloperitonitis. 749 1

Over a four year period, from August 1987 to July 1991, thirteen cases of chronic and recurrent gastric volvulus were encountered comprising six paediatric and seven adult patients. In none of the patients was the condition clinically suspected; diagnosis being made only at meticulous upper gastro-intestinal (UGI) barium series. The paediatric patients typically presented with obstructive symptoms of projectile vomiting especially after meals and failure to thrive. The adults had variable symptoms of dyspepsia, recurrent intermittent upper abdominal discomfort or pain, occasionally accompanied by vomiting or retching mimicking many different upper abdominal conditions, such as peptic ulcer, biliary tract or pancreatic disease but with negative findings at endoscopy and abdominal ultrasound scanning. All cases were organo-axial type of gastric volvulus. Associated conditions were small sliding hiatus hernia in two adult cases; partial small bowel malrotation in two cases, high jejunal obstruction also in two cases and congenital hip dislocation in one patient. An infant had umbilical hernia, previous meconium cyst and meconium peritonitis. The condition seems not as uncommon as previously thought; the key to diagnosis being constant awareness, a high index of clinical suspicion and a carefully performed UGI barium series especially during the attack of pain.
Afr J Med Med Sci 1994 Dec
PMID:Gastric volvulus: more common than previously thought? 765 6

Data concerning a random cohort of 1,119 70-year-old subjects were analyzed to evaluate the association between Upper Dyspepsia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome and functional ability. Seven hundred and thirty-four subjects were interviewed about abdominal symptoms and were visited at home by an occupational therapist who evaluated their functional ability. Among the survivors, 94% participated in a follow-up study five years later. Functional ability was registered on validated scales constructed for its measurement in a normal elderly population. It was found that both syndromes occurred more often among subjects with reduced functional ability. A significant association was found between the occurrence of Upper Dyspepsia and a reduction of mobility and lower limb function, and between reduced functional ability and Irritable Bowel Syndrome at the five-year follow-up. It is concluded that abdominal syndromes are associated to functional ability, suggesting that there is a diffuse disorder affecting both smooth and striated muscles.
Aging (Milano) 1994 Dec
PMID:Abdominal syndromes and functional ability in the elderly. 774 15

We present a method for estimating volumes of abdominal organs using 3-D ultrasonography. In vitro validation experiments demonstrated excellent agreement between estimated and true volumes. In vivo estimations after ingestion of 500 ml meat soup showed greater antral filling and poorer emptying of the gallbladder in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) than in healthy controls. Abnormal antral filling was associated with dyspeptic symptoms. The relationship between motility and transpyloric movements of luminal contents after ingestion of 500 ml meat soup was studied in healthy subjects by duplex technique. Accurate timing of antegrade and retrograde flow were recorded using bidirectional velocity curves. Mid-cycle and end-cycle reflux were often observed; end-cycle reflux was more frequent in conjunction with coordinated than with uncoordinated antroduodenal contractions. The peristaltic closure of the pylorus was normally preceded by a short gush of duodenogastric reflux.
Dig Dis Sci 1994 Dec
PMID:Volume measurements of gastric antrum by 3-D ultrasonography and flow measurements through the pylorus by duplex technique. 799 27

Ten years after the original isolation of Helicobacter pylori, we know that this interesting new bacterium infects half of the world's population and at least 25% of people in the United States. The mode of transmission is probably fecal-oral, and its prevalence increases in lower socioeconomic groups or older people. Fortunately, the organism can now be diagnosed using serology, breath testing, biopsy, and culture. We also have effective means of therapy in the United States giving 80 to 95% cure rates in 14 days. In the past four years at least five well-controlled, double-blind studies have shown that curing Helicobacter pylori usually results in curing duodenal ulcer disease. Increasing data confirm that this also holds true for gastric-ulcer and ulcer complications. The role of Helicobacter pylori in non-ulcer dyspepsia is still controversial, and its association with increased gastric-cancer risk offers an exciting opportunity for further research.
Gastroenterologist 1993 Dec
PMID:Helicobacter pylori: a primer for 1994. 805 19

Serology to detect antibodies to Helicobacter pylori is not frequently used as a diagnostic tool in developing countries. When compared to a commercial ELISA, an ELISA constructed and validated in Thailand had a higher sensitivity (98% vs. 85%), specificity (76% vs. 66%), and negative predictive value (97% vs. 76%) for the detection of H. pylori infection among 104 patients with dyspepsia evaluated by endoscopy. The positive predictive value was 88% for both tests. Serum antibody levels fell significantly 5-8 months after eradication of infection in 8 Thai patients (P = .009). By 8 years of age, > 50% of Thai persons living in urban and rural locations were seropositive. The low negative predictive value of the commercial ELISA limits the usefulness of this assay as a diagnostic tool in Thailand and suggests a need to reevaluate H. pylori serologic tests when used in populations living in developing countries.
J Infect Dis 1993 Dec
PMID:Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in a developing country: comparison of two ELISAs and a seroprevalence study. 824 44

The relative contributions of altered gastric motor function and Helicobacter pylori-associated active chronic gastritis to the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia are controversial. We therefore evaluated scintigraphically the intragastric distribution and gastric emptying of a mixed solid-liquid meal in 75 patients with functional dyspepsia; patients were subdivided on the basis of both specific symptom clusters and the presence or absence of H. pylori gastritis. Twenty-one (28%) patients displayed abnormal solid and/or liquid gastric emptying, with prolonged solid lag time the most prominent alteration detected. The number of patients with abnormal scintigraphic patterns increased to 36 (48%) when intragastric distribution parameters (fundal half-emptying time and antral maximal fraction) were examined. Although patients with reflux-like dyspepsia (N = 36) demonstrated significantly slower rates of liquid emptying at 45 and 70 min and a higher prevalence of abnormal liquid intragastric distribution when compared to patients with motility-like dyspepsia (N = 39) or to controls (N = 34), the absolute differences were small and unlikely to be of clinical significance. Patients without H. pylori gastritis (N = 50) demonstrated a significantly more prolonged solid lag time when compared to those with H. pylori gastritis (N = 25), but the difference was small and there were no other differences between these two subgroups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dig Dis Sci 1993 Dec
PMID:Intragastric distribution and gastric emptying of solids and liquids in functional dyspepsia. Lack of influence of symptom subgroups and H. pylori-associated gastritis. 826 29

Acid peptic disease is common, and its management is costly. Less than a decade ago, the traditional theories regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of acid peptic disease were upset by the discovery of Helicobacter pylori infection in association with chronic active gastritis. A substantial body of investigation after that discovery has established this infection as the major cause of human chronic active gastritis and has defined a critical role for H. pylori in the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of duodenal ulcer disease. Furthermore, evidence is accumulating to link H. pylori to gastric ulcers, non-ulcer dyspepsia, and even gastric carcinoma. Research has clarified some unique features of the organism that have been put to advantage in the development of diagnostic tests, and it has also clarified some features of the infection that make it difficult to treat. Although treatment is decidedly beneficial for certain patient subsets, simpler and more effective therapy is needed.
Am J Med Sci 1993 Dec
PMID:The role of Helicobacter pylori in acid-peptic disease. 826 81

A prospective study of infection due to Helicobacter pylori in 104 Southern Appalachian veterans with upper gastrointestinal symptoms revealed a prevalence of 67%. There was no age difference observed between those with and without H pylori. The organism was shown to be present in 12 of 13 patients with duodenal ulcer (92%), 6 of 10 with gastric ulcer (60%), and 52 of 81 with nonulcer dyspepsia (64%). Using culture as standard, the urease test showed a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 100%, while the biopsy stain had a sensitivity of 97%. The presence of acute inflammation in the antrum and body of the stomach closely correlated with the presence of the organism. Somewhat at variance with previous studies, our study indicated that H pylori in the body mucosa was strongly associated with chronic superficial gastritis with and without acute inflammation. Such a finding may reflect the natural history of infection due to H pylori and the advanced age of our patients.
South Med J 1993 Dec
PMID:Chronic gastritis associated with infection due to Helicobacter pylori in southern Appalachian veterans with dyspepsia. 827 11

Helicobacter pylori appears to cause chronic active gastritis, which is characterized by infiltration by neutrophils. Leukotrienes (LTs), which are both chemotactic and cytotoxic, are produced mainly by neutrophils. We studied LT levels, H. pylori infection and neutrophils infiltration in gastric mucosa of patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. LT levels of mucosa infected with H. pylori were higher than that in non-infected mucosa. There was a correlation between LT levels and neutrophils infiltration in H. pylori infected mucosa. H. pylori was sensitive to lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA-861, both in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with AA-861 decreased the severity of neutrophil infiltration. LTs may therefore be important in chronic active gastritis associated with H. pylori.
Nihon Rinsho 1993 Dec
PMID:[Leukotriene levels of Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric mucosa]. 828 25


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