Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Contrary to earlier definition of Barrett's oesophagus which referred to the presence of metaplastic columnar epithelium of either gastric or intestinal type, the new definition lays stress on presence of specialised columnar epithelium (SEC) with goblet cells. Hence this study was carried out to determine the frequency of specialised columnar epithelium in Indian population. 150 cases of dyspepsia underwent esophagogatro duodenoscopy with esophageal biopsy. Slides were stained with routine H and E stain and alcian blue-PAS stain. Histologically, esophagitis was found in 75 (50%) and columnar epithelium-gastric type in 63 (42%) cases only 4 (2.6%) cases showed presence of specialised columnar epithelium which were labelled as Barrett's esophagus, giving an incidence of 2.6% in this study.
 ...
PMID:Barrett's esophagus. 986 4

There is considerable debate about whether the mucous neck cell (MNC) in the mucosa of the gastric corpus is merely a transit cell population, intermediate between gastric stem cells and the differentiated zymogenic (chief or peptic) cell lineages, or has distinct functions of its own. To cast light on these possibilities, the secretory phenotype of the MNC has been examined. Archival gastric body samples from non-ulcer dyspepsia biopsies and gastrectomies performed for peptic ulcer disease were stained with antibodies to the trefoil peptides TFF1/pS2 and TFF2/SP, pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR), and to the MUC1 gene product--HMFG2. Human MNCs express PSTI, TFF1/pS2, TFF2/SP, and EGF proteins, while rat MNCs express TFF2/SP; the mucin contained in the MNCs is diastase/periodic acid Schiff (D/PAS)-positive and stains with human milk fat globulin (HMFG2). The canaliculi but not the cytoplasm of adjacent parietal cells were also decorated focally by D/PAS, by HMFG2, and by antibodies to TFF2/SP and TFF1/pS2. These findings favour the hypothesis that MNCs have a defined phenotype and are thus a separate and distinct cell lineage, secreting a number of luminally-active peptides which protect the gastric mucosa, and in particular the adjacent parietal cells, from the effects of secreted gastric acid. Moreover, a considerable degree of similarity in secretory profile is noted between MNCs and the so-called 'reparative lineages' in the gut--the ulcer-associated cell lineage (UACL) and hyperplastic polyp epithelium. If, on the other hand, the MNCs are indeed a transit population differentiating into zymogenic or peptic cells, then it is clear that having differentiated into one secretory phenotype producing a range of peptides, the MNC then proceeds to differentiate into a cell with a totally different secretory phenotype, a phenomenon unique in gastrointestinal cell lineage relationships.
 ...
PMID:The mucous neck cell in the human gastric corpus: a distinctive, functional cell lineage. 1039 88

We studied the expression of trefoil peptides in the different types of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. Endoscopic biopsy was performed in 132 patients with dyspepsia. Intestinal metaplasia subtype was classified according to the pattern of alcian blue/PAS staining and high iron diamine staining. Expression of trefoil peptides was measured by immunohistochemistry. TFF1 and TFF3 were mainly expressed in goblet cells and TFF2 in columnar cells in all the types of intestinal metaplasia. There was a gradual decrease of TFF1 and TFF3, and increase of TFF2, during the progression of intestinal metaplasia from type I to type III via the type II intermediate.
 ...
PMID:Expression of trefoil peptides in the subtypes of intestinal metaplasia. 1517 72

A 59-year-old, healthy Croatian presented with a slowly growing tumor in the left lower abdomen, which was slightly painful on compression. He complained of neither dyspepsia nor fever. There were no pathologic findings in laboratory analysis, particularly no elevation of leukocytes or C-reactive protein. MRI of the abdomen (T1w, fat saturated, and iv-contrast) shows a diffuse contrast enhancing mass of the left abdominal wall (Figure 1a, arrow) with infiltration of the peritoneal cavity (Figure 1b, arrow). Because a malignant process was suspected the patient underwent abdominal surgery and excision of the tumor. Histopathological examination showed chronic-fibrosing and granulocytic, abscess-forming inflammation with Gram- and PAS-positive bacteria, corresponding to the diagnosis of chronic actinomycosis (Figure 1c). Following surgery, the patient was treated 1 month with iv and 6 more months with oral penicillin. The patient remained well 1 year after surgery. Actinomycosis is a rare, chronic granulomatous disease, which affects most commonly the cervicofacial and abdominal area. Actinomycetes are filamentous, gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria and commensal inhabitants of the oral cavity and intestinal tract; however, they acquire pathogenicity through invasion of the breached tissue. Because of its rarity and non-specific symptoms, abdominal actinomycosis is usually diagnosed postoperatively since most patients undergo exploratory laparotomy for a suspected neoplasm.
 ...
PMID:Abdominal actinomycosis. 1837 24