Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tienilic acid, a diuretic with uricosuric properties, was compared with cyclopenthiazide, in an open, random-order, within-patient crossover study (3 months on each drug) in 36 hyperuricaemic hypertensive patients. All were on an established dose of cyclopenthiazide; most were also on a beta-blocker which they continued to take in their usual dose. A mean dose of 210 mg of tienilic acid gave the same antihypertensive and diuretic effect as a mean dose of 0.41 mg of cyclopenthiazide. Serum uric acid was very much lower when patients were on tienilic acid (0.29 mmol/l) than on cyclopenthiazide (0.50 mmol/l). Apart from slightly higher serum-chloride and serum-urea during the period on tienilic acid, no major differences in serum-electrolytes, renal-function tests, glucose tolerance, and fasting lipids were observed. Audiometric tests showed that tienilic acid was not ototoxic. S.G.O.T. and S.G.P.T. rose to pathological values in 3 women when they were on tienilic acid, to a lesser extent, in 2 men when they were on cyclopenthiazide. There is no definite evidence that the changes in the transaminases were related to tienilic acid. Some postural hypotension or slight fluid retention occurred during the initial, dose-finding period, and 3 patients had mild indigestion but no patient had to discontinue the trial because of side-effects.
Lancet 1978 Sep 16
PMID:Comparison of tienilic acid with cyclopenthiazide in hyperuricaemic hypertensive patients. 8 May 25

Many questions regarding duodenitis remain unanswered. However, the evidence suggests that duodenitis is a clinical entity which can give rise to dyspepsia and, on rare occasions, gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Conventional and double contrast radiology has only a small part to play in the diagnosis of duodenitis but is important in helping to exclude other lesions such as duodenal ulcer. Provided care is taken during the fibre-optic visualization of the duodenal bulb, the endoscopic appearances of moderately severe duodenitis correlate well with the histological changes seen. A diagnosis of apparent duodenitis should be confirmed by the histological criteria described. Treatment at present is similar to that of peptic ulcer, with the withdrawal of any predisposing and precipitating factors such as aspirin, alcohol and smoking. Antacids may relieve the symptoms. It is not yet known what effect these measures may have on the duodenitis as opposed to the symptoms of dyspepsia. The H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine, should be effective in treating duodenitis but double blind clinical and endoscopic studies are required to confirm this. The place of surgery is as yet undefined. With the data at present available, it appears that duodenitis is part of the pathophysiological spectrum of the duodenal ulcer diathesis rather than a separate disease. It may represent both the production and healing phases of duodenal ulceration. In some patients the duodenal mucosa may proceed from normal to duodenitis and then to normal again without the development of frank duodenal ulceration (Figure 4). Prospective studies are required which should include a long-term clinical follow-up of a large number of patients with duodenitis accurately and specifically diagnosed by endoscopy and histopathology.
Clin Gastroenterol 1978 Sep
PMID:Duodenitis. 36 6

In a study, partly retrospective and partly prospective, there were 29 infants who had sliding hiatal hernia: their principal clinical features, the diagnostic criteria, treatment and cure rate were similar to those of other series. The study highlights associated duodenal anomalies which seem to influence the radiological but not the clinical cure rate. The findings can be contrasted with those in adults who have duodenal abnormalities with sliding hiatal hernias in that 21 out of 29 infants with sliding hiatal hernia had a normal duodenal loop. Severe dyspepsia, with malnutrition initially, did not have any influence on physical development in 27 out of 29 patients.
Pediatr Radiol 1977 Sep 01
PMID:The significance of abnormal duodenal loop on radiological and clinical cure in infants with sliding hiatal hernia. 89 55

A randomized control trial was designed to compare the efficacies of spiramycin given one gram twice daily and erythromycin given 500 mg thrice or four times daily in the treatment of acute exudative tonsillitis in adults whose ages were over 13 years old from January 1989 to January 1991 at a community clinic. A total of 120 cases were enrolled in the study. Fifty-three patients received spiramycin while 67 received erythromycin. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS), S. aureus, and positive titer of Mycoplasma pneumoniae were detected in 19, 47 and 8 per cent in spiramycin group and 21, 36 and 11 per cent in erythromycin group respectively. GABHS were totally eradicated on day 3 of treatment in both groups through eradication of S. aureus was slightly slower initially in the spiramycin group. Marked improvement was similarly achieved in both groups after 3 days of therapy. Dyspepsia was felt in 34.4 and 8.2 per cent of erythromycin and spiramycin groups respectively but was tolerable by most patients. We concluded that spiramycin given twice daily was as effectively as conventional erythromycin but spiramycin is more convenient to administer and causes much less gastro-intestinal side-effect.
J Med Assoc Thai 1992 Sep
PMID:Comparative efficacy of spiramycin and erythromycin in acute exudative tonsillitis in adults: a randomized controlled trial. 130 21

We have carried out a double blind placebo controlled trial to assess the effects of treatment with colloidal bismuth subcitrate in Helicobacter pylori associated non-ulcer dyspepsia. Eighty patients with dyspepsia, normal upper gastrointestinal appearances at endoscopy and H pylori associated active chronic gastritis on histology of gastric antral biopsies were included in the trial. The patients were randomised to receive colloidal bismuth subcitrate 240mg twice daily for four weeks or matching placebo and were reassessed four weeks after completing treatment. Twenty-six patients (67%) receiving colloidal bismuth subcitrate had normal histology or improved inflammation compared with five (13%) receiving placebo (p less than 0.001), and symptoms were absent or improved in 32 (82%) and two (5%) respectively (p less than 0.001). Serum IgG level was a marker of infection, and fell with successful treatment. Colloidal bismuth subcitrate is effective treatment for H pylori associated non-ulcer dyspepsia with improved gastric antral histological appearances and has a beneficial effect on symptoms.
Ital J Gastroenterol 1992 Sep
PMID:Double blind trial of colloidal bismuth subcitrate versus placebo in Helicobacter pylori positive patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. 139 23

In this article, we quantify a clinical observation that non-Ashkenazi Jews having a half-mustache on the lower part of their upper lip have a high frequency of peptic ulcer and dyspepsia. The prevalence rate for peptic ulcer and dyspepsia was 33.6% and 44.9%, respectively, in the study group, compared with 11.2% and 24.3% in the control group. Although psychological examination was not conducted, we hypothesize that subjects who trim their mustache in this manner have obsessive and perfectionist characteristics and show features of extroverted personality. We speculate that these traits may be contributory to the development of peptic ulcer and dyspepsia.
J Clin Gastroenterol 1992 Sep
PMID:Half-mustache--a clue to peptic ulcer? 140 44

The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of NUD in Japan and to describe the clinical presentation of NUD. The population of this study consisted of the patients initially visited to our gastroenterology clinic during the period of one year from Feb. 1990 to Jan. 1991. Out of the total population, 106 patients with dyspepsia were suspected of NUD according to the definition of AGA, and have received the endoscopy and ultrasonography to find the existence of organic disease. While 50 cases presented organic diseases (19 peptic ulcers, 16 gastritis, 7 carcinoma, 4 gall stone, 4 esophageal disease), 56 cases were with no organic diseases and were regarded as NUD. NUD was more common in younger generation and was especially so in women under 40 years old. There was no significant difference in symptoms between NUD and organic diseases. On the other hand, peptic ulcer disease was frequently associated with sever epigastralgia, and smoking habit as a external factor, while abdominal fullness was predominant feature observed in NUD.
Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1992 Sep
PMID:[Epidemiology of non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) in Japan]. 140 84

Patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are at an increased risk of gastroduodenal erosions, ulcers, and the associated complications of haemorrhage, perforation, and death. Many NSAID associated ulcers that bleed or perforate have been asymptomatic until the time of presentation and conversely many patients with dyspepsia do not have ulcers. Symptoms are a poor guide to the presence of an ulcer. During continued treatment with NSAIDs misoprostol is the best choice for NSAID induced gastroduodenal damage; it achieves higher rates of healing than other drugs in these circumstances. Misoprostol is superior to other drugs in the prevention of gastric damage but misoprostol and H2 antagonists are of similar benefit in the duodenum. Prophylactic studies have all used endoscopic damage as an endpoint, and much larger studies will be needed to show an effect of misoprostol on the incidence of ulcer complications. There are no clear guidelines as to which patients should receive prophylactic treatment with misoprostol but those particularly at risk of ulcer complications--that is, those with previous peptic ulceration, the elderly, medically unfit, patients receiving large doses of NSAIDs, and those patients receiving steroids in addition to NSAIDs--should be considered.
Ann Rheum Dis 1992 Sep
PMID:Misoprostol in the prevention of gastroduodenal damage in rheumatology. 141 45

Motility-like dyspepsia, a clinical subgroup of functional dyspepsia, refers to the cluster of symptoms which suggests an underlying motility disturbance of the upper gut. Characteristic symptoms, in addition to upper abdominal pain or discomfort, are nausea, vomiting, early satiety, anorexia, postprandial abdominal bloating and excessive repetitive postprandial belching. Patients with concomitant symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome are currently excluded from this clinical entity. Delayed gastric emptying of solids and/or liquids, postprandial antral hypomotility and antroduodenal incoordination, gastric myoelectrical arrhythmias and dysfunction of visceral afferents are the major alterations in upper gut sensorimotor activity which have been described. An empirical trial of medical therapy is warranted if there are no "alarm" symptoms at presentation. If symptoms are not relieved after 2-4 weeks, then investigations of the upper gastrointestinal tract, preferably by endoscopy, to exclude the presence of organic disease, is advisable. Management approaches are then reassurance, dietary manipulations and attention to psychosocial aspects. Prokinetic agents appear to be useful as short-term medical therapy in some patients, but optimum long-term treatment strategies, including the use of medications which may improve a diminished tolerance to gut distension, are not established.
Med J Aust 1992 Sep 21
PMID:Motility-like dyspepsia. Current concepts in pathogenesis, investigation and management. 144 83

Helicobacter pylori infection, histological features of the gastric mucosa, and gastric motor and secretory functions were evaluated in 45 consecutive patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia. H. pylori infection was found in 60% of dyspeptic patients, compared with 33% of 15 healthy controls (P = 0.1). No difference was detected in basal or stimulated gastric acid secretion between dyspeptic patients and healthy controls. Gastric emptying was significantly (P less than 0.01) delayed in dyspeptic patients compared with healthy controls when standardized for age and sex. Delayed gastric emptying was associated with a low frequency of H. pylori infection, female gender, and young age. Epigastric pain or burning and postprandial fullness were, respectively, more severe in patients with H. pylori infection (P less than 0.02) and in those with delayed gastric emptying (P less than 0.01). These findings support the existence of separate subsets of patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia. Despite the presence of overlaps, there appear to be partially different functional derangements and clinical features in different subgroups of dyspeptic patients.
Gastroenterology 1992 Sep
PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric function in patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia. 149 26


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