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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The polyvalent vaccine consists of twelve heat-inactivated species of Enterobacteriaceae (six strains of Salmonellae, two strains of Shigellae, four strains of Dyspepsia coli). The above vaccine is administered orally (6) to man for prophylactic purposes against local infections. The present communication describes the efficacy results of the vaccine obtained for different parameters by the mouse protection test. For this purpose, seven different infection models were used: oral infection with a strain of S. typhimurium and a strain of S. enteritidis, respectively, and intraperitoneal infection with the following five strains: S.l typhimurium, S. panama, S. enteritidis, Sh. flexneri 2a, or E. coli 2380. For 10 days the mice were daily immunized with the twelve-fold vaccine orally administered by means of a probang. On the 10th day after the last orally applied antigen, the animals were challenged with the seven strains mentioned above. The success of vaccination was determined by the difference of mortality between vaccinated and non-vaccinated mice. The results show (Table 1) following the vaccination that a significant effect could be observed and statistically be evaluated for 6 models of infection. Optimal values showing the highest consistency rate were found for the model of intraperitoneal infection with the strain of E. coli 2380. Which is why, studies were made for the following parameters by using the latter mode of infection. The efficacy of the oral immunization depends on the dosage of the vaccine (Table 2). Even at a dilution of 1 : 1000, the effect of the vaccine was still sufficient. Only a dilution of 1 : 10 000 made the vaccination almost ineffective. - The content of humidity of the lyophilized vaccine in a range of 4% to 12% did not influence the immunogenicity (Table 3). - The protection obtained by vaccination was found to last unexpectedly long. The vaccinated mice were still well protected even one year after the oral vaccination (Table 4), which means - when referred to the life-span of mice - that protection is effected for almost a life-time. The lyophilized vaccine does not even loose its immunogenicity after storage at 22 degrees C and 40 degrees C over a period of 3 years (Table 5). These polyvalent lyophilized vaccine are, therefore, storable even under tropical conditions without cooling. This is a further great advantage of this vaccine.
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PMID:[An oral enteritis-vaccine composed of twelve heat-inactivated Enterobacteriaceae 3. Communication: studies on efficacy tests in mice protection tests (author's transl)]. 703 91

Dyspepsia, often defined as chronic or recurrent discomfort centered in the upper abdomen, can be caused by a variety of conditions. Common etiologies include peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux. Serious causes, such as gastric and pancreatic cancers, are rare but must also be considered. Symptoms of possible causes often overlap, which can make initial diagnosis difficult. In many patients, a definite cause is never established. The initial evaluation of patients with dyspepsia includes a thorough history and physical examination, with special attention given to elements that suggest the presence of serious disease. Endoscopy should be performed promptly in patients who have "alarm symptoms" such as melena or anorexia. Optimal management remains controversial in young patients who do not have alarm symptoms. Although management should be individualized, a cost-effective initial approach is to test for Helicobacter pylori and treat the infection if the test is positive. If the H. pylori test is negative, empiric therapy with a gastric acid suppressant or prokinetic agent is recommended. If symptoms persist or recur after six to eight weeks of empiric therapy, endoscopy should be performed.
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PMID:Evaluation and management of dyspepsia. 1089 31

Optimal therapy for patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia still remains elusive. Increasing consensus on the definition of non-ulcer dyspepsia may improve the design of clinical trials and result in more effective therapies for this common condition. This paper reviews the investigation, pathophysiology and therapy of non-ulcer dyspepsia in order to formulate management strategies in the elderly. The best outcome for the patient can be achieved by detailed evaluation, leading to therapy targeted to obvious precipitating factors such as dyspepsia-inducing medications and other aggravating factors such as slow-transit constipation. Prokinetics and, to a lesser extent, H(2) receptor antagonists are the main medications of choice. Cisapride, the best studied prokinetic, has been withdrawn from the market in certain countries because some patients experienced dangerous cardiac arrhythmias, especially when cisapride was given with potent inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4. Time spent on reassurance and judicious use of antidepressants for the right patient can help improve symptoms. In the elderly, however, persistent symptoms should be re-evaluated because of the increased incidence of malignancy.
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PMID:Optimal management of patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia: considerations for the treatment of the elderly. 1177 22

Pongamia pinnata has been advocated in Ayurveda for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions and dyspepsia. The present work includes initial phytochemical screening and study of ulcer protective and healing effects of methanolic extract of seeds of P. pinnata (PPSM) in rats. Phytochemical tests indicated the presence of flavonoids in PPSM. PPSM when administered orally (po) showed dose-dependent (12.5-50 mg/kg for 5 days) ulcer protective effects against gastric ulcer induced by 2 h cold restraint stress. Optimal effective dose of PPSM (25 mg/kg) showed antiulcerogenic activity against acute gastric ulcers (GU) induced by pylorus ligation and aspirin and duodenal ulcer induced by cysteamine but not against ethanol-induced GU. It healed chronic gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid when given for 5 and 10 days. Further, its effects were studied on various parameters of gastric offensive acid-pepsin secretion, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) and defensive mucosal factors like mucin secretion and mucosal cell shedding, glycoproteins, proliferation and antioxidants; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. PPSM tended to decrease acid output and increased mucin secretion and mucosal glycoproteins, while it decreased gastric mucosal cell shedding without any effect on cell proliferation. PPSM significantly reversed the increase in gastric mucosal LPO, NO and SOD levels caused by CRS near to the normal level while it tended to increase CAT and GSH level decreased by CRS and ethanol respectively. Thus, the ulcer protective effects of PPSM may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and the actions may be due to its effects both on mucosal offensive and defensive factors.
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PMID:Effect of methanolic extract of Pongamia pinnata Linn seed on gastro-duodenal ulceration and mucosal offensive and defensive factors in rats. 1977 71