Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an attempt to prevent the sequelae of conventional gastrectomy, such as rapid gastric emptying, dumping syndrome, intestinal content reflux, indigestion, and poor absorption, we have devised the pylorus and pyloric vagus preserving gastrectomy (PPVPG). Experimenting on 48 dogs, we found theoretic grounds for using our design and obtained the desired effects--retaining the merits of conventional subtotal resection of the stomach, with acidity reduction, while avoiding the above-mentioned complications.
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PMID:Experimental study of pylorus and pyloric vagus preserving gastrectomy. 836 30

Thirty-three consecutive patients with idiopathic gastric acid hypersecretion (defined as a basal acid output > 10.0 meq/hr with a normal fasting serum gastrin level and negative secretin stimulation test) who were being treated for duodenal ulcer disease and other acid-peptic disorders were evaluated for the presence of Helicobacter pylori by means of a rapid urease test. Fourteen patients had duodenal ulcer and 19 had other acid-peptic disorders (gastroesophageal reflux in 14, including six with Barrett's esophagus; four with nonulcer dyspepsia; and one with erosive gastritis). Helicobacter pylori was present in 12 of the 14 ulcer patients (86%) compared to only two of the 19 nonulcer patients (11%) (P < 0.0001). The distribution of basal acid output for patients with duodenal ulcer was similar to that for nonulcer patients, and no significant difference in the mean basal acid output was found among Helicobacter pylori-positive compared to Helicobacter pylori-negative patients. Seven of the duodenal ulcer patients with a basal acid output greater than 15.0 meq/hr were Helicobacter pylori-positive, suggesting that the organism can withstand even extreme levels of gastric acidity. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer disease associated with idiopathic gastric acid hypersecretion is not different from a majority of ulcer patients with normal acid secretory profiles and offers additional evidence that extreme levels of gastric acid are not bactericidal for the organism.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients with idiopathic gastric acid hypersecretion. 842 Jul 45

One hundred and two patients suffering from giardiasis and/or chronic gastritis were subjected for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Purified immune rabbit's serum against Giardia lamblia was used in ELISA and immunoperoxidase (IIP) techniques for detection of Giardia antigen in the stomach. Results showed that out of 70 cases with intestinal giardiasis, 8 (11.4%) by ELISA and 6 (8.6%) by IIP showed gastric giardiasis. Higher percentage of gastric giardiasis (14%) was encountered in cases with both giardiasis and chronic gastritis (50) than in cases with giardiasis alone (5%) but with statistically insignificant difference (P > 0.05). None of the cases with chronic gastritis alone (without giardiasis) was positive for gastric giardiasis. Dyspepsia was the main presenting symptom in cases with gastric giardiasis (P < 0.05) with significant (P < 0.05) association. Helicobacter pylori was encountered in 6 out of 8 cases (75%) with gastric giardiasis (P < 0.05) with significant (P < 0.05) association. Duodenogastric reflux was detected in 4 out of 8 cases (50%). Histopathological changes in antral mucosa were detected in all cases of gastric giardiasis. This study indicates that under abnormal circumstances most probably with decreased gastric acidity, gastric giardiasis can occur in concomitance with intestinal giardiasis. So, one has to search for Giardia in gastric biopsies, particularly those showing chronic atrophic gastritis and H. pylori. Also, one has to be aware of gastric giardiasis as a possible cause of upper gastrointestinal symptoms.
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PMID:Giardia lamblia and chronic gastritis. 875 56

The non ulcer dyspepsia (N.U.D) syndrome is a functional disease; according with new concepts obtained from pharmacology and sustented by therapy, the anti H2 drugs (not the antacids one) has an prokinetic action upon the stomach and control the gastric distention which is the cause of the pain, and not the increase of the gastric acidity. For these reasons and by observing the good response to therapy, the author proposed the name of Gastric Dyskinesia Dyspepsia.
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PMID:[Non-ulcer dyspepsia or gastric dyskinesia dyspepsia]. 936 71

The hypergastrinemia and hyperacidity associated with Helicobacter pylori infection has been explained by either a primary excess of gastrin or a lack of inhibitory influence by somatostatin (SOM). The objective of the present study was to compare the concentrations of fundic and antral SOM- and antral progastrin-derived peptides in nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD) subjects with and without H. pylori infection. Antral and fundic mucosal biopsies were extracted and assayed for SOM and gastrin amide, glycine-extended gastrin (gastrin gly), progastrin, and total gastrin. There was a significant sixfold reduction in antral SOM but no change in fundic SOM content in H. pylori-infected subjects compared to uninfected subjects. Antral gastrin amide concentrations were significantly higher in infected subjects. However, the concentrations of the nonamidated gastrin forms (progastrin and glycine-extended gastrin) were significantly lower in the infected subjects, indicating an increased conversion of the precursor forms of gastrin to amidated gastrin, the type known to stimulate gastric acidity. The present study demonstrates that the elevated gastrin concentrations associated with H. pylori infection may be due to a reduction in the paracrine inhibitory effect of SOM on antral gastrin release. In addition, the posttranslational processing of gastrin to the amidated forms is increased in infected subjects, explaining why the elevation in antral gastrin is confined to the amidated form.
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PMID:Expression of progastrin-derived peptides and somatostatin in fundus and antrum of nonulcer dyspepsia subjects with and without Helicobacter pylori infection. 1111 84

The results of two treatment types of the patients with chronic gastritis and with non-ulcerative functional dyspepsia (NFD) at reflux-similar variant are represented. The patients received Omeprasol (Losec) or Rabeprasol (Pariet) accordingly 20 mg once per day in the morning, 30-60 minutes before the breakfast. The treatment course was 7 days. The investigations have shown the following: the level of acidity has decreased in all the patients treated by Rabeprasol, normal acidity is detected in the all 15 patients, the level of gastric acidity has decreased in the patients, treated by Omeprasol. However the hyperacidity was preserved in 10 from 12 patients.
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PMID:[Inhibitors of proton pump in the treatment of non-ulcer functional dyspepsia of the reflux-like type]. 1204 84

Primary chronic gastroduodenitis (PCGD) accounts for 60-85% of the diseases of the gastroduodenal zone. In our study 90 patients with PCGD were divided into three groups getting one of the following therapies: electric sleep, hofitol, electric sleep plus hofitol. The effects of the treatments were assessed with updated techniques including computed pH-metry. Hofitol showed a good effect on dyspepsia, enhanced the alkalizing ability of the duodenal bulb. Electric sleep relieved pain and asthenoneurotic syndromes, decreased high acidity of the gastric juice in the body of the stomach. Electric sleep in combination with hofitol normalized macroscopic picture of the upper gastrointestinal tract and corrected imbalanced immunity.
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PMID:[Combined use of electric sleep and hofitol in the treatment of primary chronic gastroduodenitis]. 1475 4

Liberal pre-operative fasting routines have been implemented in most countries. In general, clear fluids are allowed up to 2 h before anaesthesia, and light meals up to 6 h. The same recommendations apply for children and pregnant women not in labour. In children <6 months, most recommendations now allow breast- or formula milk feeding up to 4 h before anaesthesia. Recently, the concept of pre-operative oral nutrition using a special carbohydrate-rich beverage has also gained support and been shown not to increase gastric fluid volume or acidity. Based on the available literature, our Task Force has produced new consensus-based Scandinavian guidelines for pre-operative fasting. What is still not clear is to what extent the new liberal fasting routines should apply to patients with functional dyspepsia or systematic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Other still controversial areas include the need for and effect of fasting in emergency patients, women in labour and in association with procedures done under 'deep sedation'. We think more research on the effect of various fasting regimes in subpopulations of patients is needed before we can move one step further towards completely evidence-based pre-operative fasting guidelines.
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PMID:Pre-operative fasting guidelines: an update. 1609 40

Occupational health problems of 240 male workers of roadways workshop, carriage workshop and battery factory were investigated. Cadmium concentrations in the hair were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Health effects, such as acidity, hypotension, hypertension, dermatitis, ophthalmic problems, cardiac disease, indigestion, diabetes, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, respiratory troubles, psychological and liver problems were found in subjects. Significant levels between the unhealthy and normal subjects were determined by applying a parametric test, the student's t test at a significant level of p < 0.05. The results of our studies indicate that the significant difference in cadmium levels were observed in subjects suffering from acidity, ophthalmic problems, hypertension, psychological problems, tuberculosis and their respective controls. No correlation with cadmium was obtained with cardiac diseases, diabetes, hepatitis B, respiratory problems, dermatitis and hypotension.
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PMID:Hair as an indicator for assessing adverse effect of cadmium on human health. 1666 37

Omeprazole is a mainstay of therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastritis, and is increasingly used as an over-the-counter remedy for dyspepsia. Omeprazole acts by selectively oxidizing thiol targets in the gastric proton pump, but it also appears to be toxic to the gastric mucosa. We hypothesized that omeprazole toxicity is due to non-specific oxidation of cell structures other than the proton pump, and tested the efficacy of antioxidants to prevent omeprazole-induced toxicity in isolated rabbit gastric glands. Toxicity was measured by uptake and converstion of calcein-AM, following three hours of exposure to omeprazole and a non-selective thiol-oxidant, monochloramine. Intracellular concentration of Zn(2+) and the capacity to maintain luminal acidity were monitored using the fluorescent reporters fluozin-3 and Lysosensor DND-160, respectively. Both omeprazole and monochloramine caused marked reduction in cell viability. The toxicity of omeprazole was independent of monochloramine toxicity. The thiol reducing agent dithiothreitol protected gastric glands from injury. The oxidant scavenger Vitamin C also protected, and did not impair the anti-secretory effects of omeprazole. Thus, omeprazole toxicity appears to be oxidative and preventable with antioxidant therapy, including Vitamin C. Vitamin C may be a safe and efficacious addition to treatments requiring the use of PPIs.
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PMID:Antioxidant pre-treatment prevents omeprazole-induced toxicity in an in vitro model of infectious gastritis. 2055 18


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