Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is an acquired disease of the esophagus, in which esophageal squamous epithelium is changed by injury from reflux to metaplastic intestinal type columnar epithelium. BE is the premalignant lesion of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. It is widely accepted that the long-standing reflux of gastric acid is a catalyst for the development of BE. More recent work points toward the reflux of duodenal secretions as a catalyst in this disease process as well. Moreover, the time course for the development of BE once a patient has reflux is not known. Our case challenges the currently defined time course of "long-standing" reflux symptoms for the development of BE, and supports the role of duodenal secretions alone in the development of BE. A 68-yr-old Caucasian man was admitted with weight loss, left upper quadrant pain, a hemoglobin of 6.8, and heme-positive stool. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed normal esophageal mucosa and a mass in the gastric cardia. Biopsies showed moderately differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a total gastrectomy, distal esophagectomy, and a Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. Pathology confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma (T1 N0 Mx). The distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction in the resected specimen were grossly and microscopically normal. Six months later an EGD, prompted by new complaints of regurgitation and dyspepsia, revealed distal esophageal mucosa lined by red-colored columnar tissue. Biopsies showed intestinal type epithelium. Thus, our case report's contribution to the current literature is twofold. It provides evidence of development of BE solely from duodenal reflux, and it documents a relatively short time span to development of BE.
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PMID:Development of Barrett's esophagus six months after total gastrectomy. 1555 10

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) usually presents in infancy with respiratory failure requiring urgent surgical correction. Mortality in this group of patients remains poor and persistent pulmonary hypertension is a significant contributor. It is therefore rare for patients to reach adulthood undiagnosed. CDH is often identified incidentally in adults but when symptoms arise, they relate to the organ involved, and include gastrointestinal symptoms of dyspepsia and obstruction, as well as respiratory complaints such as dyspnoea. We present the case of a 30-year-old woman who was admitted with non-specific symptoms of upper abdominal discomfort but whose deteriorating condition culminated in a cardiac arrest, as an unreported presentation of CDH. The patient presented initially with severe left upper quadrant pain. Her chest x-ray on admission suggested a raised left hemidiaphragm. She went on to have computed tomography (CT) of the thorax and abdomen as well as oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, which raised the suspicion of diaphragmatic eventration. Repeat CT was performed after the patient collapsed on the ward five days following admission, revealing tracheal deviation, and a strangulated Bochdalek hernia containing stomach and spleen. After transfer to the anaesthetic room, she suffered a cardiac arrest. Advanced life support was required to return spontaneous cardiac function. She was intubated and ventilated, and a needle thoracostomy was performed to decompress the tension gastrothorax. Emergency laparotomy revealed a gangrenous stomach and spleen. Total gastrectomy with primary Roux-en-Y reconstruction, splenectomy and insertion of a feeding jejunostomy were performed. The patient recovered well postoperatively and was discharged two weeks following surgery.
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PMID:Congenital diaphragmatic hernia causing cardiac arrest in a 30-year-old woman. 2786 90