Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study aims to assess the efficacy and tolerance of the metabolic antianginal agent trimetazidine, a 3-KAT inhibitor, in 141 stable angina patients aged 65-86 years. Efficacy was assessed with exercise tests and clinical evaluation after 12 weeks of treatment. The main outcome was an increase in exercise duration by 52 +/- 92 sec (p < 0.001). Other exercise test parameters also improved, with no change in rate-pressure product. Angina attacks and short-acting nitrate consumption significantly decreased, indicating an improvement in quality of life. Two adverse events were reported (gastric pain and dyspepsia) but they were mild and transient. In conclusion, in elderly stable angina patients, trimetazidine improves exercise stress tests and angina symptoms. Because of its metabolic effect, free from any haemodynamic action, trimetazidine proved to be beneficial in elderly patients and with an excellent tolerance profile.
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PMID:Trimetazidine in geriatric patients with stable angina pectoris: the tiger study. 1471 87

Visceral hypersensitivity in gastric fundus is a possible pathogenesis for functional dyspepsia. The cortical representation of gastric fundus is still unclear. Growing evidence shows that the insula, but not the primary or secondary somatosensory region (SI or SII), may be the cortical target for visceral pain. Animal studies have also demonstrated that amygdala plays an important role in processing visceral pain. We used fMRI to study central projection of stomach pain from fundus balloon distension. We also tested the hypothesis that there will be neither S1 nor S2 activation, but amygdala activation with the fundus distension. A 3T-fMRI was performed on 10 healthy subjects during baseline, fullness (12.7 +/- 0.6 mmHg) and moderate gastric pain (17.0 +/- 0.8 mmHg). fMRI signal was modelled by convolving the predetermined psychophysical response. Statistical comparisons were performed between conditions on a group level. Gastric pain activated a wide range of cortical and subcortical structures, including thalamus and insula, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices, basal ganglia, caudate nuclei, amygdala, brain stem, cerebellum and prefrontal cortex (P < 0.001). A subset of these neuronal substrates was engaged in the central processing of fullness sensation. SI and SII were not activated during the fundus stimulation. In conclusion, the constellation of neuronal structures activated by fundus distension overlaps the pain matrices induced musculocutaneous pain, with the exception of the absence of SI or SII activation. This may account for the vague nature of visceral sensation/pain. Our data also confirms that the insula and amygdala may act as the central role in visceral sensation/pain, as well as in the proposed sensory-limbic model of learning and memory of pain.
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PMID:Neuronal correlates of gastric pain induced by fundus distension: a 3T-fMRI study. 1550 May 14

Helicobacter pylori prevalence is higher in developing countries than in industrialized countries, and within the latter, higher among immigrants than among nativeborn residents. Using a point-prevalence survey, we sought to identify risk factors for H. pylori seropositivity in US urban East Asian-born populations. At a clinic in New York City, we consecutively enrolled 194 East Asian-born adults, who then responded to a survey and provided a blood sample. Assays were performed to detect IgG antibodies against whole cell (WC) and cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) antigens of H. pylori. For this group (mean age 50.2+/-14.7 years), the mean period of residence in the United States was 11.9+/-7.7 years. The total H. pylori seroprevalence was 70.1%, with highest (81.4%) in Fujianese immigrants. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated an independent association of H. pylori seropositivity with Fujianese origin [odds ratios (OR) =2.3, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) =1.05-5.0] and inverse associations with period in the United States (OR per year of residency in the United States =0.95, 95% CI =0.91-0.99) and with a history of dyspepsia (OR for a history of stomach pain =0.52, 95% CI =0.3-1.0). We conclude that H. pylori is highly prevalent among recent East Asian immigrants, especially among Fujianese. The protective effects of history of dyspepsia and duration in the United States suggest that these may be markers for antibiotic therapies.
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PMID:Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in New York City populations originating in East Asia. 1603 32

Mosapride was effective in improving overall symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic gastritis, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and functional dyspepsia. Mosapride was more effective than teprenone in improving gastric stasis symptoms and gastric pain after 2 weeks of therapy (p < 0.001) in an open-label trial in 1042 patients with functional dyspepsia. Mosapride was as effective as famotidine and itopride, but more effective than tandospirone, in improving overall or individual symptoms of functional dyspepsia in randomized trials. However, in one randomized, double-blind trial in patients with mild to severe disease, the improvement in overall symptoms of functional dyspepsia did not differ significantly between mosapride or placebo treatment. Mosapride was well tolerated, with diarrhoea/loose stools, dry mouth, malaise and headache being reported in <5% of patients.
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PMID:Mosapride in gastrointestinal disorders. 1845 63

The Mandais are a little known tribe of Bangladesh inhabiting the north central regions, particularly Tangail district of Bangladesh. Their population has been estimated to be less than 10,000 people. Although the tribe has for the most part assimilated with the mainstream Bengali-speaking population, they to some extent still retain their original tribal customs, including their traditional medicinal practices. Since this practice is also on the verge of disappearance, the objective of the present study was to conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among Mandai tribal practitioners to document their use of medicinal plants for treatment of various ailments. Four traditional practitioners were found in the exclusive Mandai-inhabited village of Chokchokia in Tangail district. Information was collected from the practitioners with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and guided field-walk method. It was observed that the four traditional practitioners used a total of 31 plants distributed into 23 families for treatment. The various ailments treated included diabetes, low semen density, jaundice, gastrointestinal tract disorders (stomach ache, indigestion, dysentery, and diarrhea), leucorrhea, pain (rheumatic pain, joint pain), skin disorders, respiratory tract disorders (coughs, mucus, and allergy), debility, fever, and helminthiasis. From the number of plants used (seven), it appeared that gastrointestinal tract disorders formed the most common ailment among the Mandai community, possibly brought about by the low income status of the people coupled with unhygienic conditions of living.
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PMID:Medicinal plants used by the Mandais--a little known tribe of Bangladesh. 2398 89

Harpagophytum procumbens, or devil's claw, is an African plant whose root is used to relieve minor joint symptoms. Several cases of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with the use of devil's claw root have been reported. A systematic review of the adverse effects of devil's claw root in about 20 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials showed mainly gastrointestinal effects: gastralgia and dyspepsia. In practice, devil's claw root exposes patients to the risk of sometimes serious upper gastrointestinal disorders, yet has no established efficacy beyond a placebo effect. It is best avoided.
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PMID:Devil's claw root: ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding? 2460 Jul 31

The purpose of this study is to comparatively analyze the ethnomedicinal practices on gastrointestinal disorders within communities in Jirisan National Park, Gayasan National Park, and Hallasan National Park of Korea. Data was collected through participant observations and indepth interviews with semistructured questionnaires. Methods for comparative analysis were accomplished using the informant consensus factor, fidelity level, and internetwork analysis. A total of 490 ethnomedicinal practices recorded from the communities were classified into 110 families, 176 genera, and 220 species that included plants, animals, fungi, and alga. The informant consensus factor values in the disorder categories were enteritis, and gastralgia (1.0), followed by indigestion (0.94), constipation (0.93), and abdominal pain and gastroenteric trouble (0.92). In terms of fidelity levels, 71 plant species showed fidelity levels of 100%. The internetwork analysis between disorders and all medicinal species are grouped in the center by the four categories of indigestion, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and gastroenteric trouble, respectively. Regarding the research method of this study, the comparative analysis methods will contribute to the availability of orally transmitted ethnomedicinal knowledge. Among the methods of analysis, the use of internetwork analysis as a tool for analysis in this study provides imperative internetwork maps between gastrointestinal disorders and medicinal species.
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PMID:A comparative analysis of ethnomedicinal practices for treating gastrointestinal disorders used by communities living in three national parks (Korea). 2520 30

In association with significant alterations in lifestyle habits, such as more Westernized dietary habits, and environmental factors including improved hygiene, changes in gastric acid secretion and upper gastrointestinal motility have recently been noted in Japanese individuals. Formerly, peptic ulcers, especially those caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, was the major acid-related disease encountered in Japan. However, more recently, cases of NSAID--and aspirin-induced ulcers are increasing. In addition, gastroesophageal reflux disease causing heartburn associated with reflux of stomach contents, mainly consisting of gastric acid, and functional dyspepsia with upper gastrointestinal symptoms, such as indigestion and gastric pain, are more often seen in patients.
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PMID:[Relationship of acid-related diseases with lifestyle habit changes and environmental factors]. 2616 62

Dexketoprofen trometamol (DT), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is a highly water-soluble salt and active enantiomer of rac-ketoprofen. Its parenteral form is commonly used for acute pain management in emergency departments of our country. Side effects such as diarrhea, indigestion, nausea, stomach pain, and vomiting may be seen after the use of DT. Anaphylactic shock (AS) secondary to infusion of DT is very rare and, to our knowledge, it is the first case report describing this side effect. This case report was presented to emphasize that AS may be seen after the use of DT.
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PMID:Anaphylaxis after intravenous infusion of dexketoprofen trometamol. 2785 95

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of a potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) named vonoprazan (VPZ) for improving symptoms in patients with reflux esophagitis (RE), non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), and functional dyspepsia (FD). A hospital-based, retrospective study of outpatients in our department (Department of Gastroenterology, University of Juntendo, Tokyo, Japan) between March 2015 and August 2016 was performed. The patients who were experiencing heartburn, acid regurgitation, gastric pain, and/or a heavy feeling in the stomach of at least moderate severity at baseline were treated with 20 mg VPZ once daily for 4 weeks. The patients completed the global overall symptom (GOS) scale to determine their symptom severity at baseline and after the 4 week treatment period. The proportions of patients with RE, NERD, and FD achieving improvement of their symptoms, defined as a GOS scale score of 1 ('no problem') or 2 ('minimal problem'), were evaluated. During 4 weeks of VPZ therapy, changes in the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) score, which was defined as the total points for heartburn and acid regurgitation on the GOS scale in patients with RE and NERD, and in the FD score, which was defined as the total points for gastric pain and a heavy feeling in the stomach on the GOS scale in patients with FD, were also evaluated. A total of 88 eligible cases were included in the present study, comprising 20 patients with RE, 25 patients with NERD, and 43 patients with FD. The rates of symptomatic improvement in patients with RE, NERD, and FD were 75.0, 60.0, and 48.8%, respectively. For the patients who were first administered VPZ, the rates of symptomatic improvement were 90.9, 66.7, and 58.8% in patients with RE, NERD, and FD, respectively. For those patients who were resistant to 8 weeks of proton pump inhibitor therapy, the rates of symptomatic improvement were 55.6, 53.8, and 42.3% in patients with RE, NERD, and FD, respectively. The GERD score in patients with RE and NERD, and the FD score in FD patients, were decreased after 4 weeks of VPZ therapy (P<0.01). In patients with RE, NERD and FD, the possibility that PCAB may be used as a novel therapeutic drug was suggested. However, the number of study subjects was small; therefore, further, larger and prospective studies are required.
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PMID:Efficacy of a potassium-competitive acid blocker for improving symptoms in patients with reflux esophagitis, non-erosive reflux disease, and functional dyspepsia. 2835 69


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