Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The indications for and findings in 431 consecutive patients who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Zaria from June 1978 to August 1982 are reviewed. The major indications were dyspepsia (78.1%), upper gastro-intestinal bleeding (12.1%) and portal hypertension (4.2%). Other indications were persistent vomiting, dysphagia and abdominal masses. The mean age of the patients was 32 years. The male: female ratio (3:1) was not different from that in the hospital population. There were no abnormal findings in 32.7%. 26.6% had duodenal ulcers. Duodenitis was noted in 24.8%, oesophageal varices in 6.3%, gastritis in 6.3% and hiatus hernia in 4.6%. In those who presented with upper-gastrointestinal haemorrhage, oesophageal varices (34.6%) and peptic ulcer (17.3%) were the commonest findings. Complication seen commonly were soreness in the throat and thrombophlebitis at the site of valium injection. One death was recorded from the procedure over the period.
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PMID:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Zaria, northern Nigeria. 208 5

Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori has been cultured from the antral biopsies of 85-90% of patients of gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer at different centres. Studies conducted all over the world have firmly implicated this organism in the aetiology of active superficial gastritis and recurrences of duodenal ulcer. Two hundred patients with upper abdominal pain, distension, vomiting and/or haemetemesis were subjected to OGD scopy. In 163 of these patients there was endoscopic evidence of gastritis; in 24 there was DU; in 3, GU and in 10 it was normal. Diagnosis of H pylori infection was made by the rapid biopsy urease test which is nearly 100% specific and 98% sensitive. 170 out of 200 patients were positive for H pylori. Among these were 138 patients of gastritis (84.6%); 22 cases of DU (91.6%); 2 cases of GU (66.6%) and 8 in whom endoscopy was normal. Histological examination of the antral biopsy specimens showed mild to severe infiltration of mucosa with lymphocytes and plasma cells. None of the 170 H pylori positive cases showed polymorphonuclear infiltration which has been stressed repeatedly by most Western authors to be characteristic of "active" superficial gastritis associated with H pylori infection. Even in those with a history of dyspepsia of barely 4 weeks duration or less there was no PMN infiltration in the mucosa. Thus the local response to infection by H pylori of the gastric mucosa is different in Indian patients.
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PMID:Unusual features of Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori--associated gastritis in India. A study of 200 cases. 209 22

Twenty patients, 7 males, 13 females, age range 27-69, average 46 years, with highly painful and inflammatory osteo-articular pathology were treated with a nabumetone preparation (one 1 g capsule at night before going to bed), for a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 10 days (average 9.70 days). Already during the first days of treatment, pain and joint function were improved and reactive edema diminished. The authors believe the drug to have a preventive analgesic effect which may at first consist in an increased pain threshold at the level of capsular receptors and may subsequently involve algoreceptors situated in the tendons. In addition to its analgesic efficacy, the drug has the advantage of being easy to handle neither general nor local side effects were observed. Only two patients complained of digestive side effects (dyspepsia and minor gastric pain in one case; gastric pain and vomiting in the other: both leading to withdrawal of the drug after 6 days). Five patients had excellent results, 9 reported good results, in 5 the result was fair.
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PMID:[Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of nabumetone in osteo-articular diseases in the acute phase]. 214 82

Three major areas of medicine are identified in which there is a need for new antiemetic drugs. These are the nausea and vomiting arising from gastrointestinal motility disturbances (functional dyspepsia, diabetic neuropathy, classical migraine), the sickness evoked by abnormal motion, and the severe emesis experienced by cancer patients as a result of certain cytotoxic therapies. For gastrointestinal-related nausea, selective stimulants of gut motility are suggested to form the basis for a new type of antiemetic therapy. In motion sickness, there has been progress in the understanding of the illness, but little advance in the development of new drugs that selectively prevent this type of sickness. In cancer chemo- and radio-therapy, the discovery that selective 5-HT3 (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) receptor antagonists can prevent severe cytotoxic-evoked emesis now promises to radically change the type of antiemetic therapy given to these patients. This type of antiemetic compound and the pharmacology of the new 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are, therefore, discussed in detail.
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PMID:New antiemetic drugs. 217 55

Levo-sulpiride is a substituted benzamide with antiemetic activity 3-8 times more potent than the racemic form and the d-isomer. Its mode of action is partially central (inhibition of dopaminergic receptors at the trigger zone for vomiting) and partially peripheral (normalization of motor activity of stomach and gall-bladder). The drug was found effective in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced and post-operative vomiting as well as in the treatment of nausea and vomiting during hepatic, biliary and gastroduodenal disorders, organic and functional dyspepsia, motion sickness and vertigo. Levo-sulpiride is at least as effective as domperidone, antihistamines and neuroleptic agents. Compared with the latter drugs and with d-sulpiride and the racemus, l-sulpiride is much better tolerated. Drowsiness is reported only at high doses, and no clinical signs of hyperprolactinaemia are observed, even after prolonged treatment.
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PMID:[Antiemetic properties of levo-sulpiride]. 228 Aug 76

Recognized manifestations of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract include secretory diarrhea, abdominal pain, and, at times, hemorrhage. In a review of 469 patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from matched sibling donors at our institution, we have recognized a syndrome of upper GI GVHD. This syndrome, presenting clinically as anorexia, dyspepsia, food intolerance, nausea, and vomiting, was recognized and confirmed histologically in 62 patients (13% by Kaplan-Meier projection) at the initiation of systemic GVHD therapy, a subset of the 197 patients developing grade II through IV GVHD. These 62 patients with upper GI GVHD were significantly older than the overall BMT population and older than the cohort with grade II through IV GVHD, as well. Of the 62 patients, 25 had upper GI GVHD accompanied only by limited (stage 1 and 2) skin GVHD; 13 others with upper GI GVHD plus limited skin involvement at initial presentation later progressed to more extensive multiorgan involvement; 24 others presented with upper GI along with other organ GVHD. This upper GI GVHD syndrome, first recognized at our center in 1983, has been diagnosed with increasing frequency (22% +/- 5%) in the most recent 5-year interval. The upper GI GVHD syndrome is more responsive to immunosuppressive therapy than grade II GVHD defined by Seattle criteria, with complete and continuing responses to treatment observed in 71% +/- 17% (95% confidence interval) of those with the upper GI GVHD syndrome compared with only 37% +/- 10% complete responses in other patients with grade II GVHD (P = .002). Patients failing immunosuppressive therapy for upper GI GVHD often progress to symptomatic lower GI involvement, suggesting that this syndrome may be an earlier and perhaps more treatable manifestation of this unique intestinal immunopathology, which is followed by chronic GVHD in 74% of patients. While upper GI GVHD symptoms are nonspecific and require invasive histologic and microbiologic studies to confirm the diagnosis, we believe this syndrome has been underreported after allogeneic BMT and propose its recognition within the clinical GVHD scoring system.
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PMID:Acute upper gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease: clinical significance and response to immunosuppressive therapy. 237 89

A newly developed liquid ready-to-use cow's milk based formula (BD) was used as the sole nutrient in 314 healthy term infants below the age of 28 weeks--except for supplementary feeding introduced at an average age of 142 days. The incidence of dyspeptic problems (constipation, diarrhea, vomiting), the parents' and visiting nurses' comments on the product, and the causes of "BD failure" (termination of BD feeding because of suspected cow's milk allergy, dyspepsia, etc.) were recorded as were rates of weight gain and linear growth. It is concluded that BD is a valuable alternative to existing powdered milk formulas and that the growth of the infants compared satisfactorily with published reference values.
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PMID:[Testing of a liquid, ready-to-use, breast milk substitute in the county of Funen]. 240 9

In an open study, the clinical efficacy of sulglycotide was tested in patients with non-ulcerous dyspepsia (NUD). Outpatients with dyspeptic symptoms of at least 3-months' standing were entered into the study; diagnosis was based on history, clinical findings and endoscopy. Forty-four patients could be evaluated after 8 weeks' treatment with sulglycotide (200 mg t.i.d. orally). Treatment results were checked endoscopically and on the basis of changes in subjective symptoms (heartburn, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, postprandial sense of fullness, eructations, regurgitation, all of which were quantified on an analogic scale from 0 = absent to 3 = intense). Treatment with sulglycotide led to marked and significant improvement of clinical symptoms of NUD (p less than 0.05 vs. baseline) and of macroscopic endoscopic findings recorded at entry. It is concluded that sulglycotide is a valid therapeutic choice for patients suffering from NUD.
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PMID:[Sulglicotide in non-ulcerous dyspepsia]. 252 69

The incidence of dyspepsias and emesis occurring either as accompanying symptoms of gynaecological operations or as independent clinical conditions, therapeutic means for controlling these conditions and the mechanism of action and clinical usefulness of the dopamine antagonist domperidone have been discussed. The observations with this drug in 68 women suffering from dyspepsia and in 94 cases of emesis of different etiology have been analysed. The author stated that Motilium is the drug of choice in the treatment of complaints due to motility disorder of the upper gastroduodenal tract, that the patients tolerate the drug well, and that it's use does not hinder the treatment of the primary gynaecological disease, pre-operative therapy, anaesthesia, and postoperative care of the patients. Its antiemetic effect depends on the time of intake which is a disadvantage of oral application.
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PMID:Use of peripheral dopamine antagonist (Motilium) in the treatment of dyspeptic complaints of different origin and in nausea, vomiting. 258 1

Abdominal discomfort after eating cowpeas is known to be a major constraint on their greater consumption. Problems associated with cowpea consumption were identified by questionnaire in 448 randomly selected families. Some (28%) of the respondents had never experienced flatulence. Those who did said it occurred when cowpeas were eaten at all (16.7%), as dinner (42%) or without other foods (15%). A subsample of 40 people who complained of serious abdominal discomfort were fed cowpeas cooked by eight different methods at three consecutive dinners for each method. The problems reported were indigestion, vomiting, diarrhoea, increased belching, bad breath, offensive stool, flatulence, constipation, mild abdominal discomfort and sleepiness. Many respondents complained of mild abdominal discomfort with undehulled cowpeas (72.5%) and dehulled cowpeas (42.5%) that had been cooked at atmospheric pressure. Only 12.5% of the respondents complained of discomfort with dehulled cowpeas cooked under extra pressure. Thus, dehulling resulted in substantial reduction in the frequency and incidence of reported discomforts but pressure cooking also had beneficial effects, probably because of the higher cooking temperature attained.
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PMID:Flatulence and other discomforts associated with consumption of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). 259 40


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