Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients complaining of migraine often consult the hepato-gastro-enterologist because of dyspepsia or "crise de foie". The treatment of the migraine must improve those symptoms which lead to a wrong diagnosis and to inadequate treatments. Several medication are available to treat the migraine. The tiapride, already known as being effective in common or secondary headaches, was given to 40 patients complaining of migraine. The controlled study done versus placebo clearly proves that this medication is effective. It should be used in the treatment of migraine.
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PMID:[Migraine and tiapride. A controlled study (author's transl)]. 625 4

Reviewing medical and epidemiological reports, no definite clinical picture could be expected as a result of a low DMF exposure and experimental research on long term toxicity has always demonstrated some adverse effects but has not been sufficient to define a no-effect level in animals. This study was designed to assess the specificity of symptoms and the relevance of adverse effects as consequence of an exposure to airborne DMF concentration in the range of the present TLV (30 mg/m3 - 10 ppm). For this purpose 100 DMF-exposed workers, with homogeneous characteristics, were compared with 100 matched controls. Both groups were selected by a careful pair-matching. Mean DMF exposure was 22 mg/m3 (range 8-58 mg/m3). Exposed subjects and their matched controls were evaluated clinically and a questionnaire was used for the registration and the comparison of subjective complaints. A laboratory assessment was performed, including transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Statistical analysis was based on McNemar Test procedure. The problem of dietary alcohol intake was particularly investigated. Among symptoms studied, headache, dyspepsia and digestive impairment of hepatic type could be specifically associated with chronic DMF exposure and increased levels of gamma-GT demonstrated minimal hepato-cellular damage, even without ethanol dietary intake. No chronic sickness was diagnosed and the disturbances observed are better considered as indicators of malaise and discomfort due to a toxic effect of DMF, whose consequences are discussed.
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PMID:Epidemiological study on workers exposed to low dimethylformamide concentrations. 653 79

High-dose thymidine (dThd) was given to 12 patients with advanced hematological and solid tumors. The dose schedule used was 75 g/sq m/day, given i.v. continuously for 5 days or more. Myelosuppression, especially leukopenia, was the dose-limiting toxicity. Nonhematological toxicities affected the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and indigestion) and the central nervous system (somnolence, headache, visual illusions, and memory impairment). Patients who had received cumulative doses of dThd developed alopecia. Thymine crystals were noted in the urine after refrigeration. Tumor regression (less than partial remission) occurred in one patient with melanoma. Three of four patients with acute leukemia had a fall in peripheral white blood cell counts and blasts but no marrow improvement. Four patients with adenocarcinoma (three colon, one unknown primary) had stable disease. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that, at a dThd dose of 75 g/sq m/day, millimolar concentrations of dThd and thymine can be achieved in the plasma. The half-life of dThd was approximately 100 min. One-third of the plasma concentrations was measurable in the cerebrospinal fluid. dThd was mainly excreted by the kidneys.
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PMID:Clinical phase I-II and pharmacokinetic study of high-dose thymidine given by continuous intravenous infusion. 747 Oct 98

The safety of a fixed combination of diclofenac 50mg/misoprostol 200 micrograms has been evaluated in clinical trials involving almost 2000 patients. Short term trials have been conducted in patients with osteoarthritis (n = 1032) and rheumatoid arthritis (n = 685) over 1 or 3 months. Patients randomly received either diclofenac alone or diclofenac/misoprostol. In both groups, the most frequently reported adverse events were gastrointestinal in nature, with abdominal pain reported most frequently (in 22.6% of patients receiving diclofenac/misoprostol and 19.8% of patients receiving diclofenac), followed by diarrhoea (19.5 vs 11.3%), nausea (11.0 vs 6.5%) and dyspepsia (10.6 vs 7.8%). The most frequent nongastrointestinal adverse event was headache, which occurred in 7.9% of diclofenac/misoprostol recipients and 9.3% of diclofenac recipients. Although diclofenac/misoprostol was associated with a slightly higher prevalence of adverse events than diclofenac in these studies, the majority were of mild or moderate severity, and the treatment groups were similar as regards the number of patient withdrawals resulting from adverse events. An interim analysis of the results of an ongoing trial of longer term administration of diclofenac/misoprostol (for up to 24 months) has been conducted. In this uncontrolled study, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis or ankylosing spondylitis received diclofenac/misoprostol for up to 24 months; to date 1003 patients have been enrolled and treatment has been continued for 6, 12, 18 and 24 months in 640, 327, 108 and 13 patients, respectively. As in the short term trials, the adverse events reported most commonly in this study have been predominantly gastrointestinal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Review of the safety of diclofenac/misoprostol. 768 86

In Egypt, 400 randomly selected pregnant women attending prenatal clinics affiliated with El-Shatby Maternity Hospital, Dar El-Welada Hospital, Gamal Abdel Nasser Hospital, Boharram Bay Maternal and Child Health Center, and Bacous Maternal and Child Health Center were interviewed to determine their knowledge of and practices related to drug intake during pregnancy. 47.7% had adequate knowledge (i.e., 75% correct answers) of drug use during pregnancy. Only 14% did not use any drugs during pregnancy. The remaining 86% used drugs without a prescription. The most common drugs used were vitamins and tonics (78.8%), antacids (66.5%), analgesics (41.8%), and antiemetics (35.5%). The leading reasons for drug use included general weakness (78.8%), heart burn and indigestion (66.5%), headaches (41.8%), vomiting (35.5%), and cough and insomnia (27.5%). Factors associated with poor knowledge of drug use during pregnancy were: younger than 30, illiteracy, being a housewife, primigravidity, and history of abortion (p 0.05 for all factors). These findings indicate a need to inform pregnant women about the dangers of drug use during pregnancy, especially during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Nurses should play a key role in communicating these risks.
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PMID:Knowledge and practices of pregnant women in relation to the intake of drugs during pregnancy. 777 81

It was investigated whether central pain mechanisms including the endogenous antinociceptive system were involved in functional dyspepsia defined as: abdominal pain without abnormal findings. Pain sensitivity was measured by an ischaemic pain test comparing 21 functional dyspepsia patients with two control groups: 1) 24 patients with organic abdominal pain, and 2) 13 healthy pain-free controls. The endogenous opioids beta-endorphin, met-enkephalin immunoreactivity, and dynorphin immunoreactivity were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from nine patients with functional dyspepsia and pain-free controls undergoing minor surgery while under spinal analgesia. There was no significant difference between the groups in pain sensitivity, but subdivision of the functional dyspepsia group showed that individuals with pain and no symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were significantly more sensitive to ischaemic pain than functional dyspepsia patients with IBS. The CSF beta-endorphfin concentration was significantly decreased in the functional dyspepsia group as compared with the controls. There were no significant group differences regarding met-enkephalin immunoreactivity and dynorphin immunoreactivity. Because of post-lumbar-puncture headache, this part of the investigation was suspended after nine patients. Functional dyspepsia is probably a pain syndrome with decreased central antinociceptive activity.
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PMID:[Reduced concentration of beta-endorphin in cerebrospinal fluid and reduced pain tolerance in patients with functional dyspepsia]. 783 29

In an open, multicenter trial, 329 patients (who attended gastroenterology practices or outpatient gastroenterology departments of hospitals) with a mean age of 47.3 years, received 5 mg of cisapride three times a day (TID) for at least 2 weeks for the treatment of persistent, recurring symptoms of functional dyspepsia. The patients' symptoms required investigation or were unresponsive to previous drug treatment. When necessary, the dose of cisapride was increased to 10 mg TID, in most patients after 1 week of treatment, and the duration of therapy was extended to 4 weeks. At the end of cisapride treatment, the most frequently reported symptoms of functional dyspepsia were significantly improved. At the onset of the trial, 72.3% of patients complained of a moderate-to-severe feeling of fullness; this decreased to 19.7% after 2 weeks of treatment and to 15.3% after 4 weeks. The symptoms of bloating, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, and postprandial epigastric discomfort showed similar improvement. Overall, 43.6% of patients were symptom-free or almost symptom-free after 1 week of cisapride treatment, 69.6% after 2 weeks, and 71.5% after 4 weeks. Only 11% of patients needed the increased dose of cisapride. Six weeks after completion of the trial, 74 patients (22.5%) had recurrent symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Adverse experiences were noted in 74 patients (22.5%), most commonly loose stools (7.6% of all patients), fatigue (4.9%), and headaches (4.0%). In most cases, these adverse experiences were mild and transient in nature and led to premature discontinuation of treatment in 11 patients (3.3%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Chronic functional dyspepsia: short- and medium-term outcome of a therapeutic trial with cisapride. 792 10

The effects of fluvastatin and bezafibrate on lipids, lipoproteins, and apoproteins (apo) were investigated in a multicenter randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study. After 8 weeks of strictly controlled (computer-based assessment) dietary stabilization, patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] > or = 160 mg/dL; triglycerides < or = 300 mg/dL) were enrolled into a 6-week placebo phase. Altogether, 131 patients were randomized to receive either fluvastatin at 40 mg once daily (n = 64; mean age 53 years) or bezafibrate at 400 mg once daily (n = 67; mean age 52 years) for 12 weeks. Compliance with the diet was monitored (3-day food records) after 6 and 12 weeks. Fluvastatin led to significant reductions in LDL-C (-23%), total cholesterol (-17%), LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (-24%) and apo B (-19%). Fluvastatin significantly increased LpA-I (+8%) and apo E (+20%). Bezafibrate produced significant reductions in LDL-C (-17%), total cholesterol (-13%), LDL-C/HDL-C (-24%), triglycerides (-28%), apo B (-15%), and LpA-I (-10%) and significantly increased HDL-C (+12%), apo A-I (+9%), apo A-II (+30%), apo E (+14%), and Lp(a) (+3%). No clinically notable increases in levels of liver enzymes or creatine phosphokinase were observed with either treatment. Both treatments were well tolerated. There was a low incidence of adverse events that tended to be mild and included headache, muscular pain, angina, and dyspepsia. The frequency of adverse events was similar in both treatment groups, and no significant differences in dietary behavior were observed. In conclusion, fluvastatin is a well tolerated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor for the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia. Effects of fluvastatin on LpA-I occur irrespective of changes in HDL-C.
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PMID:Treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia: fluvastatin versus bezafibrate. 801 68

Clinical experience with fluvastatin in > 1,800 North American patients treated for an average of 61 weeks has shown it to be safe and well tolerated. Frequencies of transaminase and creatine kinase elevations compare favorably with those observed during long-term administration of other 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors. Further, whereas frank rhabdomyolysis has been encountered with treatment with all other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, this syndrome has not been observed to date with fluvastatin in studies here or abroad; a single case of myopathy, which was probably related to physical exertion, was reported in a patient receiving fluvastatin. Although dyspepsia was observed more commonly in fluvastatin patients the incidence, along with that of other adverse events (e.g., headache), and the number of treatment discontinuations proved statistically indistinguishable from those of placebo controls. Whether the favorable safety profile of fluvastatin is related to this synthetic agent's unique biopharmaceutical profile is a matter of ongoing long-term inquiry.
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PMID:Updated clinical safety experience with fluvastatin. 819 19

Despite much debate over a presumptively somatic vs psychological etiology of nonatopic food and chemical sensitivities, little systematic research has addressed the issues. The present study investigated self-reported illness from several common foods (wheat, dairy, eggs) and chemicals (pesticide, car exhaust, paint, perfume, new carpet), symptom patterns, and psychological profiles of a sample of young adult college students (n = 490, age 19.4 +/- 2.4, 52% female/48% male). Subjects were divided into 4 groups on the basis of sample medians for frequency of illness from the foods (FI) and chemicals (CI); high FI with high CI (FI/CI), high FI alone, high CI alone, and NOILL (low FI and CI). FI was associated with more defensiveness (denial of negativity) while CI was linked with more shyness (avoidance of novelty). Women outnumbered men in all groups (FI/CI: 61%; FI: 80% CI: 55%) except the NOILL (40% women). Nevertheless, the FI/CI, FI, and/or CI groups still had significantly higher total symptom scores as well as more indigestion, headache, and memory trouble than did the NOILL group, even after depression, anxiety, shyness, defensiveness, and gender were covaried. The illness groups reported significantly more limitation of foods that mobilize endogenous opioids or generate exogenous opioids (sweets, fats, bread) as well as more illness from opiate drugs, small amounts of beverage alcohol, and late meals. Nasal symptoms from pollens or animals were more common in the FI/CI (42%) and CI (42%) than in FI (26%) or NOILL (28%) groups. Premenstrual tension syndrome and irritable bowel were also more common in the FI/CI group. The findings indicate that young adults outside the clinical setting who are relatively higher in FI and/or CI have distinctive symptom and psychological patterns. Covariate analyses suggest that important symptoms in FI and CI individuals such as indigestion, headache, and memory problems may occur in addition to rather than as simply part of emotional distress. The data are consistent with a previously hypothesized role of olfactory-limbic and hypothalamic pathways and with a time-dependent sensitization model for illness from foods and chemicals.
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PMID:Symptom and personality profiles of young adults from a college student population with self-reported illness from foods and chemicals. 829 25


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