Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit production of protective gastric mucosal prostaglandins and also have a direct topical irritant effect. In some patients this results in dyspepsia and development of gastroduodenal erosions and ulceration. The risk of ulcer complications, such as bleeding, perforation and death is increased approximately 4-fold in NSAID users. Patients at high risk of ulcer complications include the elderly, those taking anticoagulants, steroids and aspirin, those with a previous history of peptic ulceration and patients with concomitant serious medical problems. The interaction of NSAIDs with Helicobacter pylori (the major cause of peptic ulceration in non-NSAID users) is controversial and some studies suggest that H. pylori infection may even protect against NSAID-induced ulceration. Selective inhibitors of the inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme spare COX-1 in the gastric mucosa and, hence, do not inhibit production of mucosal prostaglandins. COX-2-selective inhibitors are associated with a significant reduction in gastroduodenal damage compared with traditional NSAIDs. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are probably the best agents for healing and prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers. Preliminary studies suggest that COX-2 selective inhibitors, like traditional NSAIDs, may prevent lower gastrointestinal cancer. Further studies are needed but they may be useful in individuals at high risk of certain types of lower gastrointestinal malignancy with increased gastrointestinal tolerability and safety.
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PMID:COX-2 inhibitors vs. NSAIDs in gastrointestinal damage and prevention. 1133 66

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) from gastrointestinal cancer would be rare. A 56-years old man with complaint of dyspepsia and histopathologic examination of the biopsy specimens has shown: adenocarcinoma. At the end of adjuvant chemo radiation therapy, the patient has affected by headache and mild confusion. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, a plenty of malignant cells have seen and unfortunately after a short time for about 4 days after ICU admission, the patient has died. This could be due to heavy burden of disease in central nervous system.
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PMID:A report of a rare gastric cancer case: leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. 2582 73