Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although first described almost a century ago, only in the last 15 years has Helicobacter pylori been characterized and associations with disease states recognized. H pylori has been linked to both gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. There is also evidence for a relationship with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and perhaps even adenocarcinoma of the stomach. There is currently insufficient evidence to link H pylori to nonulcer dyspepsia. Current recommendations are to treat all patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers who test positive for H pylori, as therapy will significantly reduce the recurrence rate of these conditions.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori: current concepts. 885 5

Signet-ring cell type of gastric carcinoma can easily escape detection by the pathologist, and this confusion is compounded by the presence of morphologic patterns other than the conventional appearance. One such morphologic variant is composed of deeply eosinophilic cells containing minute cytoplasmic granules with neutral mucin. With this morphology, epithelioid gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and hepatoid and rhabdoid variants of adenocarcinoma enter the list of diagnostic possibilities, and accurate diagnosis is essential for therapeutic and prognostic considerations. We report a 28-year-old man who presented with dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, and black-colored stools. Endoscopy revealed a growth at the incisura, a biopsy specimen from which was reported as a poorly differentiated tumor. The patient underwent subtotal gastrectomy and the resected specimen showed a 6.5 x 4-cm circumferential growth in the antropyloric region. Histological sections from the growth showed transmural infiltration by deeply eosinophilic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. A differential diagnosis of epithelioid GIST, rhabdoid variant, hepatoid variant, and signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma was considered. Special stains and immunohistochemistry confirmed the tumor to be a variant of signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Morphologic variations of signet-ring cell carcinoma pose an important diagnostic dilemma, which has therapeutic and prognostic significance for the patient. These variants need to be recognized by pathologists to enable an accurate diagnosis.
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PMID:Deeply eosinophilic cell variant of signet-ring type of gastric carcinoma: a diagnostic dilemma. 1846 67

Cancer of stomach is currently regarded as the final result of a staged multifactor process during which the microenvironment affects cells and causes their changes. One of the main triggering factors is Hp infection. Adenocarcinoma of stomach develops via stages of gastritis, precancerous changes, and cancer. The possibility to prevent cancer ensues from the potential irreversibility of premalignant processes in gastric mucosa, in the first place its atrophy; hence, the importance of its early diagnosis. The state of the endoscopic service in this country is inadequate for mass screening of patients with symptoms of dyspepsia. "GastroPanel", a new serological test for the diagnosis of gastric pathology provides information about histological and functional characteristics of gastric mucosa in the antral and fundal regions of the stomach. The method determines serum gastrin-17, pepsinogen-1, and IgG expressed in response to Hp infection. Our results demonstrate high diagnostic efficiency of "GastroPanel" as a screening technique for atrophic gastritis and assessment of stomach cancer risk.
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PMID:[Serologic screening for preneoplastic pathology and early stomach cancer]. 1917 94

Helicobacter pylori has an important role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer, adenocarcinoma of the stomach, lymphoma of the stomach and autoimmune gastritis. Furthermore Helicobacter pylori is involved in the development of symptoms in patients with dyspepsia. Guidelines of the German Society of Digestive Diseases (DGVS) and recommendations of the European Helicobacter Study Group (Maastricht-Consensus) exist for the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori and were recently published in updated versions. The German approval and introduction of a new quadrupel eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infections is a good occasion to outline and discuss the current state of the art of diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori in Germany.
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PMID:[Helicobacter pylori - Update 2013]. 2375 27

Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of peptic ulcer and is also associated with chronic gastritis, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Guidelines have been developed in the United States and Europe (areas with low prevalence) for the diagnosis and management of this infection, including the recommendation to 'test and treat' those with dyspepsia. A group of international experts performed a targeted literature review and formulated an expert opinion for evidenced-based benefits and harms for screening and treatment of H. pylori in high-prevalence countries. They concluded that in Arctic countries where H. pylori prevalence exceeds 60%, treatment of persons with H. pylori infection should be limited only to instances where there is strong evidence of direct benefit in reduction of morbidity and mortality, associated peptic ulcer disease and MALT lymphoma and that the test-and-treat strategy may not be beneficial for those with dyspepsia.
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PMID:The diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in Arctic regions with a high prevalence of infection: Expert Commentary. 2609 36