Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric dysplasia is generally accepted as a precancerous lesion. Ninety-nine patients with an initial diagnosis of gastric dysplasia, based on examination of endoscopic biopsies taken because of symptoms of dyspepsia, were followed to define the magnitude of the neoplastic risk. The degree of dysplasia in the initial biopsy was mild in 73 cases, moderate in 16, and severe in 10. Mild dysplasia was no longer detected in 74% of patients, persisted in 19%, and progressed in 7% (in four cases, to carcinoma). Moderate dysplasia regressed to mild dysplasia in 31% of cases, it was no longer found in 56%, and progressed to cancer in 13%. Our data show that both lesions can progress slowly, although in most instances they remain stable or regress. Thus, annual endoscopic and histologic controls appear to be advisable. Severe dysplasia was no longer detected in 20% of cases, regressed to moderate in 10%, persisted in 10%, and progressed to cancer in 60%; in half of these patients, carcinoma was detected within 3 months. Thus, severe dysplasia indicates a high risk of cancer, often a synchronous one, and it requires gastrectomy when it persists in repeated biopsies.
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PMID:Gastric dysplasia. A follow-up study. 821 13

Gastritis is a histopathologic diagnosis, which correlates poorly with both clinical symptoms of non-ulcer dyspepsia and endoscopic abnormalities. Worldwide, most cases of gastritis are due to Helicobacter pylori and are characterized by a diffuse superficial antral gastritis. Chronic inflammatory cells and lymphoid follicles are present in the lamina propria. Neutrophils are present in the surface and pit-lining epithelium. In North America and Western Europe, reactive gastropathy due to duodenal reflux or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents is also common. In this condition, there is no increase in inflammatory cells, but the pit-lining cells become hyperplastic, and the pits have a corkscrew appearance. Most examples of multifocal atrophic gastritis are the result of long standing Helicobacter gastritis, although there may be other causes as well. It is characterized by loss of glands in both pyloric and corpus mucosae with intestinal metaplasia of the surface epithelium. A subtype of intestinal metaplasia, in which sulphomucin (large bowel mucin) is present, has been associated with the development of distal gastric cancer. However, this association is relatively weak and is not considered useful for screening purposes. Gastric dysplasia may develop in areas of the stomach affected by intestinal metaplasia. High-grade dysplasia is a significant finding, with up to 60 percent of cases having coincident carcinoma and a further 25 percent of cases likely to develop an invasive malignancy within fifteen months.
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PMID:The morphology of gastritis. 904 89