Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The conventional concept for an environmental cause of idiopathic parkinsonism is an insult (e.g. neurotoxin or encephalitis), superimposed on age-related attrition of nigral dopaminergic neurons, and temporally remote from neurological diagnosis. To the contrary, we describe the fit of Helicobacter pylori. This commonest of known bacterial infections, usually acquired in childhood, persists, and has been linked with peptic ulcer/non-ulcer dyspepsia, immunosuppression and autoimmunity. Acquired immunosuppression, predisposing to auto-immunity, is assessed as a model for the pathogenesis of parkinsonism and parkinsonian-like attributes of ageing. Eradication of a trigger has potential to change the approach to parkinsonism, just as it did to peptic ulcer. The tenet of inevitable age-related attrition of dopaminergic neurons may also require revision.
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PMID:Link between Helicobacter pylori infection and idiopathic parkinsonism. 1090 22

Levosulpiride is a substituted benzamide that is widely used for the management of dyspepsia and emesis. However, little is known about levosulpiride-induced movement disorders (LIM). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with LIM. Among 132 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with drug-induced movement disorders between January 2002 and March 2008, 91 patients with LIM were identified and their medical records reviewed. Seventy-eight (85.7%) patients were aged more than 60 years. The most common LIM was parkinsonism (LIP) (n = 85, 93.4%), followed by tardive dyskinesia (n = 9, 9.9%) and isolated tremor (n = 3, 3.3%). Twenty-one (24.7%) of the 85 patients with LIP were rated as Hoehn and Yahr stage III-V. The oro-lingual area was the only body part that was involved by tardive dyskinesia. LIM persisted after withdrawal of levosulpiride in 48.1% of patients with LIP, 66.7% with dyskinesia, and none with isolated tremor. None of clinical and MRI features predicted the reversibility of LIP. Levosulpiride frequently causes drug-induced movement disorders, presenting mainly with LIP followed by lower face dyskinesia. The symptoms are often severe, and irreversible even after the withdrawal of levosulpiride. Physicians should be cautious in using levosulpiride, especially in elderly patients.
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PMID:Levosulpiride-induced movement disorders. 1979 76

Currently, gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease (PD) are well-recognized problems and are known to be the initial symptoms in the pathological process that eventually results in PD. Many types of PD-associated GI dysfunctions have been identified, including weight loss, nausea, hypersalivation, dysphagia, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, constipation, defecatory dysfunction, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. These symptoms can influence on other PD symptoms and are the second most significant predictor of the quality of life of these patients. Recognition of GI symptoms requires vigilance on the part of clinicians. Health-care providers should routinely ask direct questions about GI symptoms during office visits so that efforts can be directed at appropriate management of these distressing manifestations. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy are two forms of neurodegenerative Parkinsonism. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunctions such as GI dysfunction are common in patients with parkinsonian disorders. Despite recent progress in the recognition of GI dysfunctions, there are a few reviews on the management of GI dysfunction and GI symptoms in idiopathic Parkinsonism. In this review, the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of each GI symptom in PD, MSA, and prostate-specific antigen will be discussed.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal dysfunction in idiopathic Parkinsonism: A narrative review. 2891 18