Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) is defined as dyspepsia in which investigation shows no evidence of focal gastroduodenal disease or oesophagitis. The aim of the present study was to determine the proportion of NUD patients with other identifiable diseases. We interviewed 327 consecutive patients who had at least 1 month of dyspepsia before a panendoscopy that showed no evidence of oesophagitis, malignancy, or peptic ulcer. Symptoms were assessed by a structured history questionnaire. The existence of gallstones was excluded radiologically. Of the subjects studied, 75 (23%) had irritable bowel syndrome and 71 (22%) gastro-oesophageal reflux, whereas 63 (19%) had both, 25 (8%) had aerophagy, and 14 (4%) had gallstones. Of the remaining 79 patients (24%) 6 had duodenitis and 10 gastritis, whereas 1 had both. Sixty-two subjects (19%) had entirely normal endoscopic results and no ascertainable cause of their dyspepsia (termed provisionally essential dyspepsia). It is concluded that, whereas three-quarters of NUD patients have diseases that fall into other diagnostic categories, nearly one-quarter have essential dyspepsia.
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PMID:The association between non-ulcer dyspepsia and other gastrointestinal disorders. 404 40

Dietary intakes of two groups of gastrointestinal patients, one group with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)--Crohn's disease or chronic ulcerative colitis--and the other with functional disorders (FD)--irritable bowel syndrome, nonulcer dyspepsia, or gastroesophageal reflux disease, were assessed by means of 48-hour recalls. The relationships between dietary intake and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were examined. The IBD group had lower mean serum albumin and hemoglobin levels (p less than .05); however, FD patients had less adequate diets. The mean energy intake of women with FD was significantly lower than that of women with IBD (p less than .05) and was associated with inadequate or marginal intakes of many nutrients. Comparison of nutrient intakes between the IBD and FD groups revealed a significantly lower mean intake of folate, ascorbic acid, and vitamin A for women with FD than for women with IBD (p less than .05). In general, women had poorer diets and a higher prevalence of abnormal biochemical parameters than men. One notable feature of the dietary pattern of the women was that they consumed less meat than the general population consumed. Increasing meat consumption would improve the intake of many nutrients, including protein and iron. The results of this study suggest that more attention should be given to the adequacy of dietary intakes of gastrointestinal patients in general and of women in particular.
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PMID:Nutritional status of gastroenterology outpatients: comparison of inflammatory bowel disease with functional disorders. 406 54

The activity of sorbiperan was assessed during radiological examinations of 15 patients with hypomobility of the gallbladder, associated in some cases with atonic dyspepsia, and 25 cases of spastic colon with constipation and/or diarrhea due to diverticulosis, dolichocolon, sigmoiditis, or parasitosis. Patients with gallbladder dysfunction were examined radiologically before and after oral administration of 20 to 40 ml of sorbiperan, the dose varying as a function of bodyweight. In 3 patients, the hypermobility of the gallbladder provoked by this agent was greater than that observed with all usually employed products, in 11 cases the cholagogue produced an excellent effect, while in one case there was no observed effect. Patients with colitis were administered a barium enemea, and an initial series of films were taken. These were repeated after addition of 80 ml of sorbiperan to the same enema. Total, rapid evacuation of the colon was observed in 8 cases, while in 15 cases it was of excellent quality. No effect was noted in 2 cases. Sorbiperan provokes effective contractions of the gallbladder, favours sphincter of Oddi dynamics, increases motility of all digestive tract segments, and very significantly accelerates gastro-entero-colic peristalsis. Tolerance was excellent.
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PMID:[Cineradiological study of the activity of sorbiperan on the gallbladder and colon (author's transl)]. 626 14

The effectiveness of a new calmodulin-independent spasmolytic, tiropramide hydrochloride, and octylonium bromide, an antispasmodic calmodulin-antagonist drug, was compared in a controlled trial performed in 60 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with spastic pattern. The effect of treatments was assessed according to the score reduction of following symptoms: abdominal pain, constipation, bloating and dyspepsia. Tiropramide hydrochloride administered at the daily dose of 300 mg for 30 days induced a faster and higher improvement than that observed during the administration of 120 mg daily of octylonium bromide. On 3rd and 5th day, treatment with tiropramide induced the relief of abdominal pain in a significantly greater percentage of patients (p less than 0.05). Besides, in the group of subjects treated with this drug the "pain" score was more markedly decreased. Furthermore, at the end of the study 88% of subjects treated with tiropramide and 47% with octylonium bromide had normal bowel habits. This difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Both treatments are effective in reducing dyspeptic symptoms and bloating. We can conclude that tiropramide--having a significant antispasmodic effect combined with a regulating effect on bowel habits--besides eliminating spasm, would act by synchronizing and therefore normalizing the intestinal motility.
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PMID:[Controlled clinical study on the efficacy of tiropramide hydrochloride in the treatment of irritable colon: comparison with octylonium bromide]. 636 85

One third to one half of cases of dyspepsia remain unexplained. The cause of nonulcer dyspepsia is unknown, but aerophagia, esophageal dysfunction, pyloroduodenal dysmotility and the irritable bowel syndrome may be important factors in some patients. The symptoms are often affected by diet and emotion. History-taking and endoscopy are the most discriminating diagnostic tests. Unexplained dyspepsia tends to be a lifelong disease with few, if any, sequelae. Nevertheless, reassurance and treatment with a placebo, such as an antacid or simethicone, provide effective and safe relief for many patients.
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PMID:Nonulcer dyspepsia. 636 98

77 hospitalized patients with chronic unspecific abdominal complaints, in whom any other organic disease had been previously excluded, were investigated for lactose malabsorption; they were subdivided into two groups: 46 patients complaining primarily of colicky abdominal pain and/or intermittent diarrhoea (group 1) and 31 patients presenting with dyspepsia as the predominant symptom (group 2). To establish the exact prevalence of isolated lactase deficiency in the healthy adult population served by our hospital, 40 Italian adult healthy subjects were also studied. The prevalence of lactose malabsorption was significantly higher (p less than 0.005) in patients of the 1st group than in patients of the 2nd group, and in the healthy adult population seen at our hospital (74% vs 35.5% and 37.5%, respectively). Furthermore a high prevalence of lactose intolerance, determined by means of a three-week diet trial (lactose free-diet versus normal diet), was documented among lactose malabsorbers of the 1st group. We concluded therefore that lactose intolerance is a factor in some Italian adult patients who suffer from long-standing aspecific abdominal discomfort, and it should be always considered in these patients, especially when colicky abdominal pain and diarrhoea are present, before the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome is made.
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PMID:Lactose intolerance in adults with chronic unspecific abdominal complaints. 667 46

Ninety patients and 30 senior hospital doctors were questioned about indigestion and dyspepsia. There were marked discrepancies between the views of patients and doctors. Most doctors considered indigestion to be synonymous with dyspepsia and associated it with peptic ulcer. Patients, however, were not generally conversant with the term dyspepsia and linked indigestion with psychological factors, feeding patterns and bowel function rather than physical illness. The patients' concept of indigestion corresponded closely with medically-accepted features of irritable bowel syndrome. Uncritical use of these terms may lead to misinterpretation of the patient's complaint and inappropriate management.
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PMID:What is indigestion? 683 68

In a consecutive study of 101 patients with IBS and at least one year of complaints, the presence of somatic and mental symptoms were measured. By definition all patients had abdominal pain and/or disturbed bowel function in the absence of organic disease. The most prominent symptom of indigestion was abdominal distension. Many patients also had complaints of food intolerance and avoided bulk forming agents such as fruits and vegetables. Symptoms associated with the upper gastrointestinal tract such as burning sensations in the epigastrium nausea and acid regurgitation were seen in a majority of the patients. Mental symptoms were seen in almost all patients. A majority had complaints of inner tension, worrying over trifles, autonomic disturbances and muscular tension. Symptoms referred to the neurasthenic syndrome were also frequently seen, such as fatiguability and irritable and hostile feelings. Common depression symptoms were sadness and feelings of helplessness. Other mental symptoms of importance were phobias, sleep disturbances, reduced sexual interest, loss of appetite and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Our conclusion is that patients with IBS frequently have upper gastrointestinal and mental symptoms which should be taken into account searching for more rational methods of treatment.
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PMID:Symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome. 696 23

Three controlled trials were carried out in patients with irritable bowel syndrome to assess the effectiveness of trimebutine in controlling the symptoms of abdominal distension, pain, flatulence, constipation, diarrhoea and dyspepsia. In the first two trials, it was shown that 200 mg trimebutine 3-times daily for 3 days produced rapid relief of symptoms and was significantly (p less than 0.001) more effective than placebo, but not significantly so when the dosage level was halved. In the third trial, the results showed that 200 mg trimebutine 3-times daily for 2 weeks was as effective as 100 mg mebeverine 4-times daily in relieving the major symptoms and in improving motility. No serious side-effects were reported with trimebutine at the dosage used.
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PMID:A three-part controlled study of trimebutine in the treatment of irritable colon syndrome. 698 71

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is clinically characterized by a wide variety of symptoms, including dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, cramping abdominal pain, constipation and/or diarrhea, and nonspecific symptoms, probably reflecting autonomic nervous system overreactivity. Physiologically, the colonic motor abnormality is characterized by an altered slow-wave rhythm, quantitative differences from normal in the repetitive contraction pattern of the rectosigmoid area, and increased colonic muscle responsiveness to hormones such as cholecystokinin and pentagastrin. The diagnosis of IBS involves practical and ethical considerations as well as the need for decisive reassurance of the patient through judicious examination. Treatment of IBS requires a thoughtful and sensitive approach to the patient, recognition of IBS as an important clinical problem, regularization of bowel function, relief of the abdominal discomfort, and intelligent emotional support.
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PMID:The irritable bowel syndrome. A clinical review and ethical considerations. 701 25


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