Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Non-ulcer like dyspepsia comprises different symptoms of the upper intestinal tract with no macroscopic lesion and no identifiable etiology. Motility disturbances are the best known alterations and resemble a delay in the emptying of the stomach. Gastroesophageal reflux may produce atypical symptoms. Mucosal lesions are sometimes found which may explain the transmucosal electric potential differences. However, chronic active Helicobacter associated gastritis is usually asymptomatic. There has been no proof of psychological factors up to now. In 50% of the patients the minimum pain threshold in response to distention of the stomach is lowered. No generally accepted therapy has been found. The therapeutic principles depend on the pathogenesis of the syndrome in every individual. Medication which may enhance as well as inhibit motility may be of help.
 ...
PMID:[Physiopathological approach to non-ulcerative dyspepsia: clinical consequences]. 205 37

Helicobacter pylori seeks gastric mucosa, whether found in the stomach, duodenum, or Barrett's esophagus. Definitive diagnosis can be secured by appropriate stains of mucosal biopsies and culture, but the rapid urease test, breath isotope studies, and serologic testing are also useful. The frequency of colonization increases with advancing age, but infection occurs earlier in underdeveloped countries. Although the reservoir is uncertain, water or food transmission seems likely. There is sufficient evidence to assign an etiologic role to the bacteria in the causation of type B antral gastritis. H. pylori is found in areas of gastric metaplasia within the duodenum and is associated with duodenitis. Although acute infection leads to hypochlorhydria, chronic colonization has little effect on acid secretion. Studies have thus far failed to establish a convincing relationship between H. pylori and nonulcer dyspepsia, although the bacteria may play a role in selected patients. H. pylori is found in association with most idiopathic gastric and duodenal ulcers, but it is unclear as to whether the bacteria plays a causative or permissive role. The organism has a predilection for intercellular spaces and the mucous layer, thus affording relative isolation from luminally active antibiotics. Monotherapy with bismuth preparations transiently eliminates the bacteria, but recolonization is rapid, probably due to regrowth of sequestered organisms. A combination of metronidazole, bismuth, and tetracycline (or amoxicillin) affords the best eradication rate, but the potential side effects of this program should be considered. The present therapy of duodenal ulcer disease is effective and without significant risk. Treatment of H. pylori should be reserved for those patients who relapse on adequate maintenance therapy. If a safe and effective antibiotic becomes available, more frequent testing and earlier treatment intervention may become more attractive. H. pylori is probably an "innocent bystander" for most patients, but the bacteria may sufficiently impair the defenses of the antral and duodenal mucosa to facilitate the development and relapse of ulcer disease in subsets of patients.
 ...
PMID:Helicobacter pylori: aggressor or innocent bystander? 207 88

The indications for and findings in 431 consecutive patients who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Zaria from June 1978 to August 1982 are reviewed. The major indications were dyspepsia (78.1%), upper gastro-intestinal bleeding (12.1%) and portal hypertension (4.2%). Other indications were persistent vomiting, dysphagia and abdominal masses. The mean age of the patients was 32 years. The male: female ratio (3:1) was not different from that in the hospital population. There were no abnormal findings in 32.7%. 26.6% had duodenal ulcers. Duodenitis was noted in 24.8%, oesophageal varices in 6.3%, gastritis in 6.3% and hiatus hernia in 4.6%. In those who presented with upper-gastrointestinal haemorrhage, oesophageal varices (34.6%) and peptic ulcer (17.3%) were the commonest findings. Complication seen commonly were soreness in the throat and thrombophlebitis at the site of valium injection. One death was recorded from the procedure over the period.
 ...
PMID:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Zaria, northern Nigeria. 208 5

Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori has been cultured from the antral biopsies of 85-90% of patients of gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer at different centres. Studies conducted all over the world have firmly implicated this organism in the aetiology of active superficial gastritis and recurrences of duodenal ulcer. Two hundred patients with upper abdominal pain, distension, vomiting and/or haemetemesis were subjected to OGD scopy. In 163 of these patients there was endoscopic evidence of gastritis; in 24 there was DU; in 3, GU and in 10 it was normal. Diagnosis of H pylori infection was made by the rapid biopsy urease test which is nearly 100% specific and 98% sensitive. 170 out of 200 patients were positive for H pylori. Among these were 138 patients of gastritis (84.6%); 22 cases of DU (91.6%); 2 cases of GU (66.6%) and 8 in whom endoscopy was normal. Histological examination of the antral biopsy specimens showed mild to severe infiltration of mucosa with lymphocytes and plasma cells. None of the 170 H pylori positive cases showed polymorphonuclear infiltration which has been stressed repeatedly by most Western authors to be characteristic of "active" superficial gastritis associated with H pylori infection. Even in those with a history of dyspepsia of barely 4 weeks duration or less there was no PMN infiltration in the mucosa. Thus the local response to infection by H pylori of the gastric mucosa is different in Indian patients.
 ...
PMID:Unusual features of Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori--associated gastritis in India. A study of 200 cases. 209 22

Helicobacter pylori (formerly Campylobacter pylori) has been recently described as a gastritis-associated bacterium. We examined endoscopic biopsies of 100 patients with dyspepsia and found H. pylori in the gastric antrum of 34 (34%) by either culture, urease tests and/or histology. Thirty-one out of 41 patients (75.6%) confirmed to have chronic active gastritis histologically had H. pylori in their gastric antrum compared to 3 out of 59 patients (5.1%) with dyspepsia but normal histology (p less than 0.01). Histological examination, using gram stain and the Warthin-Starry Silver stain, detected 29 of the 34 positive cases (85.3%); urease test, 26 cases (76.5%) and culture, 22 cases (64.7%). A combination of histological examination and urease test increased the detection rate to 97.1%. Therefore we felt that for the detection of H. pylori in endoscopic biopsies, culture, which is time consuming and expensive, is not necessary in routine diagnosis as it did not improve the diagnostic rate over a combination of histology and urease test. A comparative study on three media (blood agar, chocolate agar and Skirrow's agar) used in the isolation of the organism showed that non-selective blood agar and chocolate agar were superior to Skirrow's agar. The strains isolated appeared to be homogeneous in their morphological and biochemical characteristics.
 ...
PMID:Detection of Helicobacter pylori from endoscopic biopsies and the biochemical characteristics of these isolates. 210 69

Over a 15-month period, 399 patients with dyspepsia were investigated for the presence of Campylobacter pylori infection. Half of the patients (50.6%) had Campylobacter organisms in the antrum of the stomach. C. pylori was found in 96.1% of patients with histological changes of chronic active gastritis in the antrum. Of patients with duodenal and gastric ulcers, 87.8% and 87.5%, respectively, had Campylobacter organisms, as did 39.3% of patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. C. pylori infection was most commonly found in Chinese and Indians. Although the prevalence of infection appeared to increase with age, there was an equal distribution amongst the sexes.
 ...
PMID:Campylobacter pylori infection: experience in a multiracial population. 210 10

The authors examined 263 children and adolescents aged 5-20 years who suffered from so-called non-ulcerative dyspepsia or epigastric pain, because of the suspected presence of Campylobacter pylori. In 31.9% of the examined subjects direct microbiological methods revealed its presence in the gastroduodenal mucosa. The confidence limit of positive results of Campylobacter pylori in the population is between 27.58% and 38.84%, the probability being 95%. The authors proved a mutual correlation between endoscopic, histological, serological findings and detection of Campylobacter pylori by microbiological methods. The statistical significance of the correlation of campylobacter pylori and chronic gastritis B (mostly inactive) provides further support for the hypothesis of the aetiological role of Campylobacter pylori in the development of chronic gastritis B in children and adolescents. From the investigation it does not ensue, however, that colonization with Campylobacter pylori is associated with certain clinical symptoms in all instances. However, in the differential diagnosis of so-called non-ulcerative dyspepsia and epigastric pain in children and adolescents we must include infection with Campylobacter pylori among their possible causes.
 ...
PMID:[Can epigastric pain and non-ulcerative dyspepsia in children and adolescents be Campylobacter pylori infection?]. 213 26

Twenty-four patients with symptoms of gastric dyspepsia and active chronic gastritis in the antral mucosa were examined for the presence of Campylobacter pylori before and after treatment with bismuth salts (12 patients) and antacids (12 patients). Bismuth, contrary to the used antacid, significantly reduced the finding of C. pylori in the antral mucosa and had a favourable effect on the active form of chronic antral gastritis.
 ...
PMID:[Campylobacter pylori--relation to gastric pathology and the effect of bismuth therapy]. 213 29

The authors investigated the effect of one month bismuth treatment (Bismuthi citrici 120 mg per capsule), 4 x 120 mg/day, on morphological changes of the gastric mucosa along with the effect on Campylobacter pylori (CP) in a group of 23 probands with histologically verified active superficial CP positive antrum gastritis. The probands suffered only from functional dyspepsia, to eliminate the action of other disease of the digestive tract on chronic gastritis. Complete eradication of CP occurred in 65.2% and disappearance of granulocytic infiltration as a manifestation of activity in 73.9%. The disappearance of activity correlated with the eradication of CP in 88.2. The authors evaluated also the degree of circular nuclear cellulization (grade 1-3). After one-month treatment it was reduced by 1 grade in 56.5% in the antrum, while in the corpus it remained unaltered in the majority. Complete histological normalization of the mucosa was not recorded.
 ...
PMID:[Morphologic changes in chronic active superficial Campylobacter pylori-positive antrum gastritis after treatment with bismuth]. 213 60

This study was done to evaluate the role of leukotrienes (LTs) in gastritis associated with Campylobacter pylori. Biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa were obtained endoscopically from 18 patients with nonulcer dyspepsia for bacteriological and histological examination and extraction of LTs. There was correlation between the LTB4 level in the mucosa and the degree of gastritis evaluated histologically. The level was higher when infiltration of neutrophils in the gastric mucosa was more extensive. The LTB4 level in mucosa infected with C. pylori was higher than that in noninfected mucosa. These findings suggest that endogenous LTs may be related to the pathogenesis of gastritis associated with C. pylori.
 ...
PMID:Possible role of leukotrienes in gastritis associated with Campylobacter pylori. 217 Apr 99


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>