Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013395 (dyspepsia)
 4,879 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Endocrine cells of the gastric oxyntic mucosa, and especially the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, are the progenitors of gastrin-promoted proliferative lesions whose tumorigenic potential largely depends on the background condition in which they arise. Hypertrophic gastropathy due to the familial multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN-1)-associated or sporadic Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), diffuse chronic atrophic gastritis restricted to the corpus-fundus (type A CAG), with or without associated pernicious anemia, and Helicobacter pylori-related multifocal chronic atrophic gastritis are the usual background for such growths. The endocrine cell lesions have been classified as pseudohyperplasia (cell clustering unassociated with cell proliferation), hyperplasia (diffuse, linear, micronodular, adenomatoid), dysplasia (enlarged, adenomatous or fused micronodules, microinfiltration, nodular growth), and neoplasia (intramucosal or invasive carcinoids). The entire spectrum of endocrine cell proliferation, from hyperplasia to dysplasia and neoplasia, has been observed in MEN-ZES and diffuse type A CAG. Both hyperplastic and pseudohyperplastic changes occur with some frequency in the H. pylori-related chronic gastritis associated with ulcer disease or dyspepsia. However, because no progression to dysplastic or neoplastic lesions has thus far been documented in these latter conditions, their role in gastric endocrine cell tumorigenesis appears negligible.
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PMID:Hyperplastic, dysplastic, and neoplastic enterochromaffin-like-cell proliferations of the gastric mucosa. Classification and histogenesis. 776 35

Double pylorus is a rare endoscopic finding that has been reported in 0.001% to 0.4% of upper gastrointestinal endoscopies and can be either congenital or acquired. Acquired double pylorus is usually an uncommon complication of peptic ulcer that erodes and creates a fistula between the duodenal bulb and the prepyloric antrum. We describe a case of a 67-year-old man who experienced mild epigastric pain and dyspepsia over the last 6 months. The patient periodically took nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) due to joint pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed gastritis and a double pylorus. An accessory channel connected the lesser curvature of the prepyloric antrum to the duodenal bulb and the endoscope was able to be passed through both of the ducts. The Helicobacter pylori quick test proved positive. Two years later, a follow-up endoscopy showed that fistula fused with normal pylorus and there was a single large opening.
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PMID:Double Pylorus: Report of a Case With Endoscopic Follow-Up and Review of the Literature. 2970 84

We describe the case of a 23-year-old African American male who presented to the emergency department complaining of unremitting dyspepsia for the last four months. His blood pressure was incidentally found to be 230/157 mm Hg. The initial admitting diagnosis in the intensive care unit was hypertensive "emergency" as he had also displayed acute kidney injury that was deemed to be superimposed on chronic kidney disease. While the diagnostic work-up of his hypertension was inconclusive, physical examination was impressive for the presence of brachydactyly of the bilateral hands, especially the fourth digits. His feet appeared grossly normal. X-rays (XRs) of the bilateral hands revealed absent distal phalanges and fused middle and distal phalanges of the second digits. XRs of the bilateral feet showed similar findings in addition to the absence or hypoplasia of the lateral cuneiform bones. His family medical history was unknown as the patient was adopted and did not have contact with his biological parents. Given these findings in the setting of uncontrolled hypertension in a young adult, he was diagnosed with hypertension with brachydactyly syndrome.
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PMID:Hypertension With Brachydactyly Syndrome: A Case Report. 3261 6