Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comprehensive language test battery (Aachen Aphasia Test) was administered to 45 patients in the early, middle or later stages of Huntington's disease (HD) and to 20 control subjects. In spontaneous speech, many HD patients exhibited a loss of conversational initiative. Dysarthria was a common finding. Reading skills were found to be impaired mainly as a consequence of dysarthria; some HD patients displayed visual dyslexia. In addition to the characteristic disturbances of writing skills due to the choreiform movement disorder, the writing of HD patients with advanced dementia indicated constructional dysgraphia, characterized by frequent omissions, perseverations and substitutions. HD patients exhibited no evidence of word-finding difficulty or other semantic deficits in spontaneous speech. There was, however, a marked impairment in visual confrontation naming, with a significant rise in naming error rate as the disease progressed in severity. In most instances, the inappropriate names referred to an object visually similar to the target object, suggesting that visual misperception is the major cause of the naming disorder in HD. Syntactical structure of spontaneous speech was typically reduced to short, simple sentence construction. Verbal stereotypes were only rarely encountered and occurred late in the course of the disease. Tests of language comprehension reflected the general degree of dementia. It is concluded that there are no primary language changes in HD. Instead, a variety of language impairments develop secondary to other neurological and neuropsychological changes.
Brain 1988 Dec
PMID:Language functions in Huntington's disease. 297 45

This is a description of a 34-month-old girl with dysarthria after a dosage of 37.5 mg/15 hours of intravenous diazepam (DZP). Dysarthria lasted 180 hours after the final dose. However, her respiration and blood pressure were normal, and disturbance of consciousness was mild and normalized at 77 hours. The clinical correlations of the concentrations of DZP and its active metabolite are discussed.
Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol 1988 Dec
PMID:Dysarthria after large doses of intravenous diazepam. 324 73

We studied two autopsy cases of primary pituitary carcinoma. Case-1. A 45 year old female was admitted on Oct. 4 1978, with a complaint of right homonymous hemianopsia. And diagnosis was pituitary adenoma. Partial removal of pituitary tumor was performed on Oct. 23 1978. She died on Dec. 5 1978 due to bleeding of gastrointestinal tract. Autopsy disclosed a pituitary carcinoma invading the left hypothalamus, mamillary body, optic and V cranial nerves, and mid brain as well as sphenoid bone. No extracranial metastasis was noted. Case-2. A 44 year old female with a history of acromegaly for 6 years was admitted with a complaint of headache on May 8 1976. She was diagnosed as having pituitary adenoma. The subtotal removal of pituitary tumor was performed on May 21 1976 and followed by 4500 rad irradiation. At this time, pathological diagnosis was eosinophilic adenoma. Seven years later, she complained of progressive right hearing disturbance, dysarthria and ataxic gait 1983. The second subtotal removal of pituitary tumor was performed with a diagnosis of recurrence of pituitary adenoma on Oct. 7 1983. After the operation, she complicated sepsis and died on Jan. 14 1984. An autopsy disclosed a pituitary carcinoma from residual pituitary gland, continuously extending to the subarachnoid space of the pons, and invading right cerebello-pontine angle and cerebellum. The histological examination revealed pituitary carcinoma with high pleomorphism and glioblastoma multiform-like feature were within the tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Two autopsy cases of primary pituitary carcinoma]. 341 67

Five cases with a sudden onset of dysarthria in the setting of hypertension are presented. No case had limb weakness or other neurological deficits. Computed tomographic scan demonstrated a small low density lesion in the anterior part of the internal capsule or the adjacent corona radiata. All cases showed a good recovery from dysarthria within two to four weeks.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986 Dec
PMID:Pure dysarthria due to anterior internal capsule and/or corona radiata infarction: a report of five cases. 380 21

Type III GM1-gangliosidosis is a rare hereditary storage disease caused by lack of lysosomal beta-galactosidase and characterized by a slowly progressive course, and extrapyramidal signs, but without prominent skeletal changes or visceromegaly. The storage substance was reported to be located only in the basal ganglia. There has been no detailed report on visceral lesions in type III GM1-gangliosidosis. In this report we describe a case of type III GM1-gangliosidosis, and the histochemical and ultrastructural findings from biopsied rectum. The patient was a 22-year-old female who exhibited dysarthria, gait disturbance, and generalized dystonia with rigidity. Beta-galactosidase activity in leukocytes was absent and sialidase activity in cultured fibroblasts was normal. Many histiocytes were found in biopsied rectal mucosa. Histochemical studies showed that the granules of histiocytes contained acidic glycoconjugates, beta-galactose, beta-N-acetylgalactosamine and sialic acid. Ultrastructural investigations revealed that ganglion cells of Meissner's plexus had many osmiophilic lamellar inclusions, similar to "membranous cytoplasmic bodies". These findings are crucial for the clinical diagnosis of type III GM1-gangliosidosis.
J Neurol Sci 1985 Dec
PMID:Type III (chronic) GM1-gangliosidosis. Histochemical and ultrastructural studies of rectal biopsy. 393 2

We studied three right-handed patients with small, lacunar infarcts localized by CT to the posterior and lateral putamen and the posterior limb of the internal capsule. All had moderate or severe right hemiparesis and mild aphasia that was not characteristic of any traditional aphasia syndrome. Two had mild dysarthria. Aphasic abnormalities included mild, nonfluent, telegraphic speech and mild, fluent aphasia with impaired repetition, naming, and comprehension. All three had severely impaired writing. Unlike previously reported patients with subcortical infarcts, these cases indicate that small lesions limited to the posterior capsuloputaminal area can cause aphasia and agraphia as well as dysarthria.
Neurology 1985 Dec
PMID:Aphasia and agraphia in lesions of the posterior internal capsule and putamen. 406 77

The articulatory function of the labial musculature has been investigated electromyographically before and after treatment with l-dopa in patients with Parkinsonism who had dysarthria. Before medication the EMG traces generally showed a constant, abnormally increased, tonic activity, together with disturbed reciprocal innervation, which impaired the articulatory activity. After medication the tonic hyperactivity was reduced and the reciprocal innervation re-established. This normalization of the EMG articulatory pattern was paralleled by an improvement of the dysarthria.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1971 Dec
PMID:Effect of L-dopa on speech in Parkinsonism. An EMG study of labial articulatory function. 515 82

The results of stereotaxic thalamotomy in 55 cases of dystonia are presented. The 16 cases with generalized dystonia were of varied pathogenesis, only 7 being typical of the idiopathic form of adolescent onset. Four of the 16 cases benefited considerably, but the others showed little or no lasting improvement. These results are in contrast to those obtained by Cooper (1976). Of the 27 cases with segmental or focal dystonia, 22 had spasmodic torticollis; 16 of these had bilateral thalamotomies, and 62 per cent were much improved. The incidence of operative complications, in particular dysarthria, was high following bilateral lesions. The incidence of hemiparesis, known to have persisted for more than a year, was 15 per cent. This complication was as frequent in those with unilateral as with bilateral thalamotomies. The incidence of dysarthria in those without preoperative bulbar dystonia was much higher in those who had bilateral lesions (56 per cent) as compared with those who had unilateral lesions (11 per cent). The group that has been identified as benefiting greatly from stereotaxic surgery comprises those with hemidystonia following unilateral brain damage. In these patients, symptomatic improvement in abnormal movement is striking and the incidence of operative side effects from unilateral lesions is low.
Brain 1983 Dec
PMID:Stereotaxic thalamotomy in 55 cases of dystonia. 636 Mar 6

We treated a family with idiopathic calcifications of symmetric areas of the brain, including the basal ganglia, dentate, and cerebral white matter. Dementia, progressive dysarthria, incontinence, propulsive-ataxic gait, fixed facies, and cogwheel rigidity without dysmorphic features develop in affected persons. Calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels were normal in the two siblings tested. The literature is reviewed and five other families with a similar syndrome are identified. These six families seem to be clinically distinct from the larger group of idiopathic cerebral calcifications usually referred to as Fahr's disease.
Arch Intern Med 1984 Dec
PMID:Adult onset idiopathic familial brain calcifications. 650 50

Athetoid dysarthria is thought to result from involuntary movements which are variable and irregular in nature. In this study, electromyographic (EMG) activity recorded from six speech muscles was quantified during repetitions of a test sentence by normal and athetoid adult subjects. In the athetoid subjects the articulation of the test sentence was disrupted intermittently by involuntary activity which usually occurred in the time intervals between the syllables in the test sentence, rather than during articulation of the syllables themselves. The EMG activity associated with each syllable in the test sentence was partitioned into reproducible and variable components. The ratio of the reproducible component to the variable component--the signal-to-noise ratio--did not differ significantly between the two subject groups. In the athetoid subjects, however, the reproducible component of the EMG activity was grossly abnormal. We concluded that this abnormal voluntary activity, rather than variable involuntary activity, was the primary cause of athetoid dysarthria.
J Speech Hear Res 1984 Dec
PMID:Reproducibility and variability of speech muscle activity in athetoid dysarthria of cerebral palsy. 652 56


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