Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied 23 individuals (16 men, seven women; mean age 57 years) who had brainstem strokes confirmed by computed tomography of the head or magnetic resonance imaging. Videofluoroscopic modified barium-swallowing examination showed aspiration in 15 of 23 patients. Of the 15 aspirating patients, the majority had bilateral strokes with multiple lesion loci, most often in association with large-vessel disease. All 15 patients had involvement of the pons or medulla. Statistical analyses revealed a significant association between aspiration and pharyngeal residue observed under videofluoroscopy, cranial nerve IX abnormality, vocal fold weakness, and severe dysarthria. Despite initial severity, recovery was good. Following an aggressive program of aspiration prevention, over 80% of patients resumed full oral nutrition at the last follow-up.
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PMID:Dysphagia following brain-stem stroke. Clinical correlates and outcome. 195 4

The dysphagia that occurs as an early sign of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and which may predispose patients to aspiration pneumonia, has never been fully characterized. We evaluated 27 patients (mean +/- SEM: age, 64.9 +/- 1 years; symptom duration, 52 +/- 5 months) who met the clinical National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Society for PSP (NINDS-SPSP) criteria for possible or probable PSP, with a swallowing questionnaire, an oral motor and speech examination, and either a modified barium swallow or ultrasound studies. Twenty-eight age- and sex-matched healthy controls (age, 65.6 +/- 1.5 years) were also evaluated with the questionnaire, oral examination, and the ultrasound study. We used ANOVA statistics to evaluate differences between groups; nonparametric correlations to assess associations between swallowing and motor and cognitive abnormalities; and logistic regression analysis to determine if the items of the questionnaire or oral examination predicted ultrasound or modified barium swallow abnormalities. While PSP patients had at least one complaint on the swallowing questionnaire (mean, 6.6), healthy controls had fewer and less relevant complaints (0.3). Patients with moderate-to-severe cognitive disabilities had significantly more complaints of dysphagia than those with mild or no impairment. PSP patients' oral motor skills and speech were mildly impaired but significantly different from those of controls. In the ultrasound studies, PSP patients had significantly fewer continuous swallows and required a longer duration to complete their swallows than did healthy controls. They also had mild-to-moderate abnormalities in the modified barium swallow study. The swallowing questionnaire, oral motor examination, and speech production examination accurately predicted the abnormalities detected with the swallowing studies. While 75% of patients had abnormal speech, all but one had abnormal swallowing studies. Thus, although dysphagia is associated with dysarthria, the two conditions are not always paired in the same patient. Our results suggest that the swallowing questionnaire and oral motor examination are an easy and cost-effective method to predict the swallowing disturbances in PSP.
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PMID:Characterizing swallowing abnormalities in progressive supranuclear palsy. 919 82

We report two cases of cerebral infarction in which swallowing function improved following swallowing rehabilitation. Patient 1 was an 82-year-old man, who was admitted due to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple cerebral infarction, suffering from aspiration pneumonia. The abnormality of swallowing was assessed by the water swallowing test and videofluorography. It has been reported that videofluorography is useful in the diagnosis of aspiration. Three weeks after the start of swallowing rehabilitation, the serum level of inflammatory markers and the chest X-ray had returned to normal. His score on the water swallowing test had improved. Patient 2 was a 68-year-old [correction of 62] man, who was admitted with severe hemiplegia, dysphagia and dysarthria. One month after the swallowing rehabilitation, videofluorography showed that the magnitude of aspiration into the trachea had decreased and the pooling of barium in the piriform sinus had disappeared. The patient could begin taking a little food by mouth. These results suggest that swallowing rehabilitation will be affect the clinical improvement of swallowing function and help preventing aspiration pneumonia in our hospital.
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PMID:[Swallowing rehabilitation in two elderly patients with cerebral infarction]. 1152 72

We reported a case of 52-years-old male, suffering from alcohol dependence, who ingested 20-30 ml 10% barium chloride solution as a substitute of ethanol. We observed gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), numbness and paresthesias of limbs, severe hypokalemia (1.29 mmol/l) resulting in general paralysis of skeleton muscles, dysarthria and dysphagia, ventricular arrhythmias. This patient was treated successfully with potassium chloride supplementation and was discharged after 9 days.
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PMID:[Acute poisoning due to barium chloride--case report]. 2138 94