Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a five-year-old girl presenting with dysphagia, dysarthria, drooling, and generalized tonic convulsions in whom the final diagnosis was acquired epileptiform opercular syndrome. Levetiracetam monotherapy at a dosage of 40 mg/kg/day improved the clinical findings, and seizures were controlled at the end of the first month of treatment. Six months after the initial diagnosis, she presented with speech deterioration and dysarthria. At this time, although sleep and awake electroencephalography (EEG) were normal, FDG-PET showed hypometabolic and hypermetabolic regions in the anterior/inferior and anterior regions of the right frontal lobe, respectively. By increasing before levetiracetam dosage to 50 mg/kg/day, the clinical findings resolved and the patient is still seizure free. Acquired epileptiform opercular syndrome is a rare epileptic disorder in which the seizures are resistant to conventional antiepileptic drugs. Levetiracetam may be an effective antiepileptic drug in controlling seizures and other clinical findings in acquired opercular epileptiform syndrome. Hypometabolic and hypermetabolic regions in FDG-PET study may be due to ongoing seizure activity or impaired glucose metabolism in this disorder.
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PMID:Acquired epileptiform opercular syndrome: F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) findings and efficacy of levetiracetam therapy. 2298 81

Objective Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a clinical radiological syndrome characterized by a reversible lesion of the splenium of the corpus callosum with a decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value. The clinical manifestations of RESLES are diverse. Methods Fifteen cases of adult RESLES patients (10 males and 5 females) were retrospectively selected from the radiology system using the key word "corpus callosum" at a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital between May 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019. The possible precipitating factors, clinicoradiological findings and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on follow-up were then analyzed. Results The patient ages ranged from 22 to 53 years old. The mean age was 34 years old. The most common neurological symptoms included headache (3/15), dizziness (3/15), first onset of seizure (3/15), paroxysmal blurred vision (2/15), vertigo (2/15), amnesia (2/15), and confused consciousness without seizure (2/15), followed by drowsiness (1/15), paresthesia (1/15), dysmetria (1/15) and dysarthria (1/15). The precipitating factors included infection, seizure, anti-epileptic treatment with levetiracetam, carbamazepine, valproate, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and rabies vaccine injection prior to the onset of RESLES. All cases were carefully followed up and had excellent prognoses. Conclusion RESLES manifests as variety of symptoms with less specificity and precipitating factors. Paroxysmal blurred vision may be a relatively specific symptom of RESLES. Levetiracetam, carbamazepine or valproate could be the cause of RESLES, exposure to the rabies vaccine could be another predisposing factors for RESLES as well. RESLES type 1 was therefore found to be highly "reversible" with an excellent prognosis.
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PMID:Reversible Splenial Lesion Syndrome with Some Novel Causes and Clinical Manifestations. 3261 57