Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of recent research conducted at the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine in New York City concerning speech and language deficits in closed head injured patients (CHI). One hundred and twenty-five consecutive admissions of 125 closed head injured post coma patients were administered standardized aphasia tests to determine the presence and nature of verbal deficits. Mean time since injury for the group was 45 weeks. All patients, without exception, evidenced linguistic impairment. The population fell into three relatively equally sized groups: classic aphasia, dysarthria accompanied by linguistic deficits, and "subclinical" aphasic deficits. The study results suggest that linguistic functions are particularly vulnerable in severe head injury. A second study compared aphasia secondary to CVA and CHI. When age and time since onset were controlled, aphasic CHI and CVA patients are more similar than different in linguistic task performance and overall functional communication effectiveness. The results suggest that the therapeutic approaches traditionally implemented with CVA aphasic patients are appropriate for the management of CHI aphasic patients as well.
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PMID:Language and speech defects. 316 12

A 47-year-old right-handed man underwent craniotomy for clipping of an aneurism at the trifurcation of the left middle cerebral artery. Subsequently, he suffered a left hemisphere CVA after which his speech and language resembled that of Broca's aphasia with accompanying apraxia of speech. Medical, behavioral, and acoustical data amassed over a period of several months indicated numerous contraindications to traditional diagnoses of Broca's aphasia, apraxia of speech, and dysarthria. Ultimately, it was determined that the patient had a selective impairement of phonation or laryngeal apraxia. This was illustrated dramatically when he was taught to use an electrolarynx which allowed him to bypass his disrupted phonatory system. Speaking with the electrolarynx, the patient communicated normally. Any semblance of Broca's aphasia disappeared. Supralaryngeal articulation was normal; apraxia of speech behaviors were absent. This case report indicates that dissociation of oral and laryngeal gestures due to brain injury is possible. Mechanisms underlying such a dissociation for this case are reviewed. The possibility of discrete center lesions in the frontal motor association area causing different types of apraxia of speech is discussed.
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PMID:Selective impairment of phonation: a case study. 320 76

The perceptual and physiological characteristics of the speech of a nine year old child who suffered a basilar artery stroke at the age of five years were investigated using a battery of perceptual and physiological instrumental measures. Perceptual tests administered included the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment, a perceptual analysis of a speech sample based on a reading of the Grandfather Passage and a phonetic intelligibility test. Instrumental procedures included: spirometric and kinematic analysis of speech breathing; electroglottographic evaluation of laryngeal function, nasometric assessment of velopharyngeal function and evaluation of lip and tongue function using pressure transducers. Physiological assessment indicated the most severe deficits to be in the respiratory and velopharyngeal sub-systems with significant deficits in the articulatory sub-system, all of which resulted in severely reduced intelligibility. These results were compared and contrasted with the subject's performance on the perceptual assessment battery. In a number of instances the physiological assessments were able to identify deficits in the functioning of components of the speech production apparatus either not evidenced by the perceptual assessments or where the findings of the various perceptual assessments were contradictory. The resulting comprehensive profile of the child's dysarthria demonstrated the value of using an assessment battery comprised of both physiological and perceptual methods. In particular, the need to include instrumental analysis of the functioning of the various subcomponents of the speech production apparatus in the assessment battery when defining the treatment priorities for children with acquired dysarthria is highlighted. Treatment priorities determined on the basis of both the perceptual and physiological assessments for the present CVA case are discussed.
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PMID:Motor speech impairment in a case of childhood basilar artery stroke: treatment directions derived from physiological and perceptual assessment. 968 52

The patient suffered loss of consciousness, dysarthria and right sided hemiparesis. The CT scan and MRI scans were negative. These findings are more in keeping with a diagnosis of Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) or mild CVA. Hypoglycemia per se does not usually cause hemiparesis. The blood glucose level was low but I am not sure if one can conclude that hypoglycemia caused the above noted neurological signs and symptoms. The authors do not present any data to prove that this patient had "hypoglycemic coma".
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PMID:Solitary fibrous pleural tumor associated with loss of consciousness due to hypoglycemia. 1877 52