Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 42 years old woman was noticed to have an abnormal shadow in the left lower field of lung at the time of periodical chest radiographic examination in July 1979. She didn't show any signs or symptoms of inflammation such as fever, increased rate of blood sedimentation, leukocytosis and so on by that time. Four weeks prior to admission she started to complain of mild but continuous headache and then developed anorexia, dysarthria and weakness in the right half of the face. She was admitted to the Kyoto University Hospital on September 14, 1979. On admission, slight bilateral papilledema, right hemiparesis and total dysphasia were present. She was afebrile and no abnormal finding in serological examination was shown. A heterogenously enhanced mass was demonstrated by CT scan in the left posterior frontal lobe, which was surrounded by severe cerebral edema. A provisional diagnosis of metastatic tumor from the lung was made. At the time of craniotomy, an abscess cavity was found and aspirated. Then the radical extracapsular ablation and external decompression was carried out. Histologically many Nocardia species were identified in the abscess cavity. The patient was treated by administration of a mixture of trimethoprine and sulfamethixazole (Bakter), and minocycline. Subsequently the developed Corynebacterial epidural empyema which was successfully evacuated two months after the first operation. She had been placed on Baktar for ten months since the second operation. She presented no sign of recurrence in six months after the cessation of drugs.
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PMID:[Nocardia brain abscess: a case report (author's transl)]. 707

A 37-year-old woman developed an early-delayed rhombencephalopathy 7 weeks after completing a course of radiotherapy to a glomus jugulare tumour. The clinical features, comprising nystagmus, skew strabismus, unilateral facial weakness, dysarthria and ataxia, are compared with four previously reported patients with this syndrome.
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PMID:Early-delayed radiation rhombencephalopathy. 708 49

A male, born on December 8, 1956, during the period when many Minamata diseases broke out in a district. His parents who ate much fish and shell fish taken in Minamata Bay suffered from the light, incomplete Minamata disease showing sensory disturbance, the constriction of the visual field, muscular weakness, etc. He weighed 3,225 gr. upon the normal birth given 10 months after pregnancy. His abnormalities were noted since his head was not stabilized on the neck even six months after the birth. Because of the delay in the development of the motor function, he became barely able to sit, stand up and begin walking at the ages of 3, 5 and 6 respectively. In 1962 (at the age of 6), his congenital Minamata disease was diagnosed in view of his clinical symptoms and epidemiological conditions. The mercury value in the hair and blood upon the birth is not known because a considerable time had elapsed after the birth when his mercury poisoning was discovered. However, the clinical symptoms included intelligence disturbance, character change, dysarthria, primitive reflexes, strabismus, hypersalivation, ataxia and hyperkinesia, indicating a typical congenital Minamata disease. Until he became 13 years old (1969) or so, his mental and motor function developed, both gradually. In the same year, he was admitted to a special class for the handicapped. EEG examination revealed that there was a slow alpha activity in the basic pattern and that 6 Hz positive spike was found in the sleep EEG. The constriction of the visual field was classified through examination.2+
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PMID:[Congenital Minamata disease accompanied by arachnoid cyst (author's transl)]. 709 64

A 66-year-old man was admitted with 2-year history of progressing gait difficulty and speech disturbance. His neurological examination on admission demonstrated dysarthria, truncal ataxia, mild foot weakness and emotional incontinence. Computerized tomography revealed enlarged ventricle with marked brain stem atrophy. Cerebral angiography showed 90% stenosis of left upper vertebral artery, 90% stenosis of mid basilar artery, occlusion of right upper vertebral artery and 50% stenosis with ulcer of right cervical carotid artery. Right cervical carotid endarterectomy was carried out with continuous electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring. Post-operative course was uneventful and the patient had gradual neurological improvement. This case was reported to be of help to judge the indication of such operation in effectiveness and also the value of EEG monitoring during operation.
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PMID:[Cervical carotid endarterectomy for vertebrobasilar insufficiency]. 717 35

An 8-year-old girl with a cerebral infarction and pneumonia developed the acute hemiparesis associated with clinical and serologic evidence of Mycoplasma pneumonia infection. Mycoplasma complement fixation titers increased from 1:1,024 on the tenth day of illness to 1:greater than 16,384 at three weeks and subsequently decreased to 1:512 at seven weeks. Total resolution of her facial weakness, hemiparesis, dysphagia and dysarthria occurred by eight weeks.
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PMID:Cerebral infarction associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 724 75

We presented a rare care who had right frontal lobe infarction, with left side pseudoataxia, and the mechanism, causing pseudoataxia, was considered. The patient, a 51 year-old, righ-handed male, was admitted on August 9, 1980, complaining of left-side pseudoataxia. About p.m. 7:00, July 29, 1980, he suddenly noticed numbness of the left foot, and he found himself difficulty in standing in the next morning. He had a mild paresis and tactile-tactile of the left side including the face, which was rapidly improved. However, there was pseudoataxia of the left extremities, which had not been improved. On physical examination, dysarthria, aphasia, finger agnosia, difficulty in right left orientation or muscle weakness was not recognized, and there was no sensory disturbance except for slight impairment of stereognosis, two point discrimination and vibratory sense. Demonstrable impairment of tactiletactile from was observed in the left hand. Notable dysmetria, terminal tremor and dysdiadochokinesia were seen in the left limbs, which were remarkably worsened with eyes closed. However, tapping and line-drawing tests were normal. Babinski-Weil's test disclosed typical compass gait. There was marked swaying in Romberg position. Tandem gait was impossible with a tendency to decline the left. Deep reflexies were normal except for mildly hyperactive radial reflex in the left. Carotid and vertebral angiographies revealed neither evidence of vascular occlusion nor displacement of vessels CT scan demonstrated a low density area, which included the right inferior and middle frontal gyri, the head of the right caudate nucleus and a part of anterior crus of right internal capsule. There was enlargement of anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. Caloric test, electronystagmography, eye tracking test or optokinetic nystagmus test disclosed no abnormalities. Vibration induced falling, which is the postural reaction to muscle vibration during standing (Ekuland, G., 1972), was not recognized when the left Achiles' tendon was stimulated. Pseudoataxia of this patient differed from the typical cerebellar or vestibular ataxia. From a review of the literatures concerning frontal pseudoataxia, almost all cases had no distinct cerebellar signs, and showed positive Romberg's sign. The impairment of tactile-tactile form and postural reaction to vibratory stimulation to the left leg, appeared in this case, could be hardly explained by the lesion of parietal lobe or deconnection syndrome. Sensory perception of parietal lobe and pyramidal motor system were thought to be almost normal in this case. Therefore, these findings should be due to impairment of integration center between sensory and motor systems. The pseudoataxia in frontal lesion seems to occur as the results of involvement of this center, in which caudate nucleus maybe has important role, but not as the results of disturbances in the front-ponto-cerebellar or front vestibular pathway.
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PMID:[Frontal pseudoataxia, discussion on its mechanism (author's transl)]. 732 87

Electromyograms were recorded with hooked-wire electrodes from sixteen lip, tongue and jaw muscles in six normal and seven cerebral palsied adult subjects during a variety of speech and non-speech tasks. The recorded patterns of muscle activity fail to support a number of theories concerning the pathophysiology of dysarthria in cerebral palsy. There was no indication of weakness in individual articulator muscles. There was no evidence of uncontrolled sustained background activity or of abnormal tonic stretch reflex responses in lip or tongue muscles. Primitive or pathological reflexes could not be elicited by orofacial stimulation. No imbalance between positive and negative oral responses was observed. The view that random involuntary movement disrupts essentially normal voluntary control in athetosis was not supported. Each cerebral palsied subject displayed an idiosyncratic pattern of abnormal muscle activity which was reproduced across repetitions of the same phrase, indicating a consistent defect in motor programming.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of dysarthria in cerebral palsy. 733 87

Clinical characteristics of ten patients with Friedreich's disease are presented. Two cases were members of the same family, another patient had a brother with the disease, and in two cases there was consanguinity. The dominant inheritance pattern was absent in all cases. Initial symptoms and clinical signs were present under 5 years of age in six cases, and in three of them under 2 years of age. As reported in other series, in our cases the disorder first appeared in the legs. Other early manifestations included skeletal deformities and dysarthria, as well as diplopia, paresthesias and dizziness. Friedreich's ataxia results from pyramidal tract degeneration and changes in the cerebellum. Babinski sign was present in nine patients. Other findings were: muscular weakness, distal amyotrophy and distal dystonia. Two patients suffered epileptic attacks with typical EEG pattern. Kyphoscoliosis and pes cavum were constant skeletal deformities. ECG revealed signs of myocardial ischemis in nine patients, although none of them had symptomatology of heart disease. Glucose tolerance test carried out in three cases showed diabetic curves. Results of nerve speed conduction were as follows: normal in one case; decreased sensitive speed conduction in four cases, and decrease of both sensitive and motor speed conduction in other four cases. EMG showed signs of chronic denervation in three cases. These results coincide with those published by other authors.
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PMID:[Friedreich's disease. Clinical study of ten cases (author's transl)]. 737 33

Following a gunshot wound to the face, a 17-year-old male patient experienced a right trigeminal and abducens paralysis, dysarthria, right-sided ataxia, left-sided weakness of the lower part of the face and limbs, and left-sided sensory loss from his neck down. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials showed a decreased P5/P1 amplitude ratio for left ear presentation, and inconsistent replication of P2 and P3 on the right and, to a lesser extent, on left ear click presentations. A computerized tomography scan showed right pontine atrophy. These findings point to a unilateral lesion of the right pons.
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PMID:Unilateral gunshot wound of the pons: clinical, electrophysiologic, and neuroradiologic correlates. 738 45

We report a 49-year-old man who presented progressive dysarthria, dysphagia, and left hemiparesis. The patient was well until June 28th of 1993 when he noted 'weakness' in his both legs; despite his weakness, he could play golf on that day. In the beginning of July, he noted difficulty in swallowing solid foods. He was admitted to the neurosurgery service of our hospital on July 15th of 1993 and a neurologic consultation was asked on July 17th. Neurologic examination at that time revealed an alert but somewhat childish man who appeared to have some difficulty in paying attention to questions. He was disoriented to time and showed difficulty in recent memory and calculation. Higher cerebral functions were intact. The optic fundi were normal; pupils were isocoric and reacted to light promptly; ocular movements were intact, however, he showed difficulty in convergence. Facial sensation and facial muscles were intact. He had no deafness. He showed slurred speech and difficulty in swallowing solid foods. The remaining cranial nerves were intact. Motor-wise, he was able to walk normally and no weakness or atrophy was noted. Mild ataxia was noted in the finger-to-nose and the heel-to-knee test on the left. Muscle stretch reflexes were normal and symmetric, however, the plantar response was extensor bilaterally. Sensation was intact and no meningeal signs were noted. General routine laboratory findings were unremarkable. CSF was under a normal pressure containing 1 cell/microliter, 68 mg/dl of protein, and 54 mg/dl of glucose. Cranial CT scan showed low density areas involving the pons, midbrain, left thalamus, and the left parietal cortex. In MRI, these areas presented low signal intensity in T1-weighted images and high signal intensity in T2-weighted in images. The brain stem appeared swollen. Gadolinium enhancement was negative. He was given a course of steroid pulse with 1 g/day of DIV methylprednisolone for three days followed by oral steroid. He showed only temporary improvement in swallowing. In the subsequent course, he showed progressive deterioration in dysarthria and dysphagia. A biopsy was performed on the left parietal lobe lesion. After biopsy, he was treated with steroid and glycerol without improvement. A course of chemotherapy with procarbazine, MCNU, and vincristine was given; he did not respond to chemotherapy. His left hemiparesis deteriorated. He developed aspiration pneumonia from dysphagia and expired on October 22, 1993. The patient was discussed in a neurologic CPC, and the chief discussant arrived at the conclusion that the patient had astrocytoma grade III involving the pons, midbrain, thalamus, and the parietal cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[A 49-year-old man with progressive dysarthria, dysphagia, and left hemiparesis]. 749 19


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