Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A syndrome of dysarthria, clumsiness and abnormal ocular movements are described in a man and his 3 children. His father, who died when our patient was born, also had the same speech abnormality. Our patient also had multiple painful lipomas suggesting a probable diagnosis of adipositas dolorosa Dercum. Although he looked muscular he complained of muscular weakness and fatigue. Oral treatment with a local anesthetic, mexiletin, inhibited the pain in the lipomas. Analysis of the speech disorder in our patient and his children revealed disturbances in the coordination of jaws, larynx and tongue with a poor control of pitch and volume and impaired intelligibility. The poor fine coordination of hands, clumsiness when walking, dysarthria and disturbance of eye-movements could be due to a familial malformation in the pons or cerebellum. Computer tomography and X-ray of head were normal but the grooves on the surface of the cerebellum were more marked than usual.
 ...
PMID:A syndrome with painful lipomas, familial dysarthria, abnormal eye-movements and clumsiness. 359 58

Atypical forms of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) may simulate other disorders. A previously healthy 70-year-old female developed unsteadiness of gait, dysarthria, dementia and weakness leading to inanition and death from bronchopneumonia over a 43 month period. The diagnosis of PML was not suspected prior to death. Neuropathologic examination of the brain disclosed characteristic findings of PML-deep bilateral cerebral demyelinative foci with enlarged gemistocytic astrocytes and swollen oligodendrocytes containing intranuclear inclusions. Electron microscopy identified papova virus particles within these inclusions. An underlying source of immunosuppression was not identified either premortem nor at the time of autopsy. The prolonged clinical course, simulating that of a primary degenerative disease, and the lack of apparent immunocompromise are unusual features of PML and lend credence to the suggestions that variations in its expression and course are to be expected.
 ...
PMID:Prolonged progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy without immunosuppression. 369 Apr 32

In proportion to a rapid increase of dialysis patient, death caused by neurological complications is increasing annually among long-term hemodialyzed patients. A case of chronic subdural hematoma during long-term hemodialysis is presented. A 35-year-old male had undergone hemodialysis three times weekly for four years. He had marked changes in body-weight and blood pressure between hemodialysis. In March 1983, he had a headache, vomiting, and left hemiparesis. The CT scan showed a right subdural hematoma. He was admitted to our hospital 10 days later because of progressive hemiparesis and speech disturbance. The neurological examination showed left hemiparesis with sensory deficit and dysarthria. The CT scan showed an increase in the size of the subdural hematoma. Bleeding time was over 10 minutes. A right-sided burr hole was made and altered blood was removed and irrigated. After operation, headache and weakness rapidly subsided, but the next morning, attacks of convulsion occurred. The CT scan showed the rebleeding in the subdural space. After correcting the level of serum potassium by hemodialysis, a right parietal craniotomy was performed. Hematoma of about 100 g was removed and the capsule of the hematoma showed organized tissue histologically. Postoperatively, although attacks of convulsion occurred temporarily, he gradually improved. The levels of serum potassium and BUN were controlled by several treatments of hemodialysis. He was discharged with only mild hemiparesis. Subdural hematoma caused by hemodialysis is a very important complication. Chronic subdural hematoma is sometimes very difficult to differentiate from dysequilibrium syndrome or dialysis dementia. The CT scan is a very valuable examination to rule out subdural hematoma.
 ...
PMID:[A case of chronic subdural hematoma in a hemodialyzed patient]. 372 77

A 58-year-old man recognized hoarseness and dysarthria followed by weakness of the left upper extremity. Examination five months later disclosed dementia which was manifested dominantly by changes in personality and behavior, but also by symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. He became progressively weak, and his neck became rigid and extended for two months. He expired due to respiratory failure at the age of 60. At autopsy, the brain weighed 1120 g with atrophy of the temporal lobes. Microscopic examination revealed marked diminution of Betz cells with astrocytic proliferation in the motor cortex. There was a mild, localized spongy state in the upper layer in the frontal and temporal cortices. There were very few neurofibrillary changes and senile plaques, and no Pick's argentophilic bodies. Fibrillary gliosis was found in the white matter of the temporal lobes, external segment of the globus pallidus and the amygdaloid nucleus. The substantia nigra showed depletion of pigmented cells, free melanin pigment and reactive astrocytosis. A diminished number of motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord accompanied astrocytic gliosis, while the remaining cell contained many Bunina bodies. The pyramidal tracts showed mild degeneration bilaterally below the pyramis in the medulla. There are a number of cases in the literature whose pictures consist of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, dementia and/or extrapyramidal symptoms. This case is identical to those cases. But in this case, the clinical and pathological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are more dominant than in other cases.
 ...
PMID:[An autopsy case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia and neck extension]. 375 32

Five cases with a sudden onset of dysarthria in the setting of hypertension are presented. No case had limb weakness or other neurological deficits. Computed tomographic scan demonstrated a small low density lesion in the anterior part of the internal capsule or the adjacent corona radiata. All cases showed a good recovery from dysarthria within two to four weeks.
 ...
PMID:Pure dysarthria due to anterior internal capsule and/or corona radiata infarction: a report of five cases. 380 21

Dysphagia is an uncommon feature of thyrotoxic myopathy, and is usually associated with other signs of bulbar weakness, such as dysarthria and nasal regurgitation. We report a case of thyrotoxicosis presenting with dysphagia due to diminished oesophageal motility associated with significant hypercalcaemia; both abnormalities resolved rapidly following treatment.
 ...
PMID:Disordered oesophageal motility in thyrotoxic myopathy. 402 94

Neurological involvement occurred in every one of a series of 30 patients with an insulinoma. The episodic nature of the hypoglycaemia caused symptoms and signs to fluctuate and often led to delay in diagnosis (mean length of history was 3 years). The commonest feature at first presentation was confusion (20 instances), but as the illness evolved, coma (16 instances) and convulsions (8 instances) became more frequent. Objective weakness was found in 7 patients, with 3 examples of hemiparesis and 2 each of paraparesis and monoparesis; in all, the weakness resolved over a period of 1 hr to 3 days when normoglycaemia was maintained. Other neurological features included subjective visual disturbances, headache, dysarthria and ataxia. 220 patients with an insulinoma from 7 series in the literature were reviewed. The high incidence of neurological features was confirmed, with confusion (152 cases), coma (82 cases) and convulsions (58 cases) predominating. Visual disturbances were common, though not accurately quantified in some series. Objective evidence of weakness on the other hand was reported in only 6 of the 222 patients. Other less common symptoms included headache (18 instances) and peripheral paraesthesiae (14 instances). In the 7 series reviewed, as in our own, it was found that in any one patient, each episode of hypoglycaemia was accompanied by the same symptom complex. The presence of an insulinoma should be considered in any patient with unusual, or inexplicable neurological features, particularly when they are intermittent. The diagnosis can be confirmed by demonstrating an inappropriately high circulating insulin level, for the ambient blood glucose concentration.
 ...
PMID:Neurological aspects of insulinomas. 609 Oct 78

A 17 year old high school boy experienced fever and diarrhea, which subsided within 4 days by appropriate medications. Six days later, however, he developed unsteadiness and limb spasm. On the morning of admission, he was found to have drowsiness, dysarthria, gait disturbance and involuntary jerks. When he was brought to the hospital, he was lethargic but could follow simple verbal commands. Frequent involuntary movements manifested by facial grimacings, limb spasms and twitchings with dystonic features were seen. Decorticate posturing was readily elicited by painful stimuli. There was no meningeal irritation sign or gross sensory impairment. The deep tendon reflexes were symmetrically exaggerated with bilateral Babinski signs. Bilateral lateral rectus muscle weakness was found together with mild ptosis and upward gaze limitation. Nystagmus was not present and the funduscopic examination was normal. Immediately he was placed on anticonvulsants, steroid hormone, gamma-globulin and antibiotics as well. A brain CT scan and a CSF examination revealed no abnormality. Meanwhile he continued to show a progressive deterioration associated with fever and status epilepticus, and within 24 hours he lapsed into coma in decorticate posture. An EEG obtained at the 3rd hospital day was compatible with spindle coma. In spite of aggressive treatment he remained febrile and comatous. Therefore, vidarabine (adenine arabinoside) was initiated from the 3rd hospital day for 5 days. Then he began to groan and show frequent choreic movements. For the subsequent 2 weeks he made a slow recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[A case of brain stem encephalitis with complete recovery (Bickerstaff's encephalitis)]. 620 73

Motor function subserved by cranial nerves V, VII, X, XI, and XII was assessed in 100 patients with hemiparesis due to a unilateral vascular lesion of the cerebral hemisphere. Several of the findings were not described clearly in many of the standard textbooks of neurology. Weakness of sternomastoid when present was always contralateral to the hemiparesis. This emphasises the principle that the cerebral hemisphere controls movement of the body parts in or towards the contralateral half of the body rather than simply the contralateral muscle groups. An apparent exception to this was seen, however, in the small group of patients who had unilateral weakness of the tongue. In those patients deviation of the tongue was towards the hemiparetic side--that is, the cerebral hemisphere controlled the contralateral half of the tongue and hence protrusion towards the ipsilateral side. Mild dysarthria was common with both right and left sided hemiparesis.
 ...
PMID:Lower cranial nerve motor function in unilateral vascular lesions of the cerebral hemisphere. 643 83

Two patients, one with ataxia, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and bilateral Babinski's signs, the other with dysarthria, dysphagia, muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and hyperreflexia, had elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, establishing the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Removal of a parathyroid adenoma in one patient and three hyperplastic parathyroid glands in the other resulted in remission of the hyperparathyroidism but left both patients with residual neurological damage. Postmortem examination of the second patient showed typical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The findings in these patients show that hyperparathyroidism may be associated with signs of severe central nervous system disease and that patients with unexplained neurological signs or symptoms should be checked for hyperparathyroidism.
 ...
PMID:Severe neurological disease associated with hyperparathyroidism. 673 92


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>