Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 35-year-old patient with terminal renal failure who had received 30 mg piperazine hexahydrate/kg body weight daily for 10 days for oxyuriasis was subsequently admitted to hospital in precoma with severe clinical symptoms not unlike those observed in so-called dialysis dementia: loss of consciousness, dysarthria, apraxia, clonic spasms, tremor, muscular weakness, dropping of objects, inability to think clearly and/or hallucinations. The EEG showed disturbances with diffuse, multifocal delta waves. Under maintenance hemodialysis the patient became asymptomatic one week after discontinuation of the piperazine therapy. Piperazine is contraindicated in patients with renal failure.
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PMID:[Piperazine intoxication in long-term hemodialysis]. 41 54

A 66-year-old man (case 1) and a 71-year-old woman (case 2) showed systemic degeneration of the globus pallidus, substancia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, centrum medianum thalami and at times, superior colliculus in the midbrain. In the pallido-nigral system, neuronal loss was severe in both cases and an increase of pigment and granular spheroids was marked in case 2, less in case 1. Electron-microscopically, the spheroids consisted of aggregates of highly dense material, often membrane-bound, and varying amounts of groups of loosely packed filaments. Clinical symptoms were stereotyped and unique, showing severe akinesia, no rigidity in the limbs, no tremor but retropulsions, upward gaze palsy, dysarthria, dysphagia and later, nuchal stiffness. Nosological identification is discussed.
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PMID:Pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy associated with degeneration of the centrum medianum. A clinicopathologic and electron microscopic study. 84 97

H. I., a housewife aged 55 years, began feeling a gait disturbance at 48 years old. After this she had incoordination of arms, dysarthria and tremor of hands. Aged 54 years, she could not stand up by herself. In addition to these neurological signs she had a change of character, such as losing control of herself, unreservedness and unceremoniousness, and slight disturbance of intelligence. She died at the age of 55 years about seven years after the onset. Histopathologically, noticeable changes were observed on the medulla oblongata, pons and cerebellum; the severe neuronal loss of the pontine nuclei and the olivary nuclei with demyelination and gliosis of the cerebellopetal fibers. Especially a great deal of lipofuscin granules in the nerve cells of the frontal and temporal lobe were observed. In the substantia nigra some pigmented cells were deleted. This case was diagnosed as olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy clinico-histopathologically. We discussed conserning the etiology of the changes of personality and slight disturbance of intelligence in relation to histopathological changes. It is speculated that the mental disorders are due to the degeneration of the nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes.
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PMID:[Olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy with personality changes and slight disturbance of intelligence]. 103 31

The correcting action of tropatepine hydrochloride upon the extrapyramidal effects induced by neuroleptics has been studied in 32 acute psychotic states. A satisfying result has been obtained with daily doses of 10 to 20 mg in 30 cases (excellent results: 20, good results: 10 patients). The action upon dyskinetic crises is particularly good and quickly obtained, avoiding a recourse to an i.m. corrector in 7 cases out of 8. The akineto-hypertonic syndrome has been efficiently corrected in 18 cases out of 23. The hyperkinetic manifestations (akathisia, tasikinesia) reacted favourably in 8 cases out of 11, dysarthria in 7 cases out of 11. The lessening of tremor was less satisfying (8 cases out of 15); same thing for the dryness of the mouth (7 cases out of 16) and disorder of visual accomodation (6 cases out of 12). The clinical tolerance was excellent. With the used doses, we found neither inconvenient atropinic effect, nor disorder of the vigilance, nor pharmacodependence. The one daily administration of a 10 mg tablet turned out to be sufficient in 19 cases. This possibility of only one administration a day appeared to us as a great advantage.
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PMID:[Clinical study of a new agent correcting the syndrome of neuroleptic impregnation in acute psychotic states]. 109 47

A case with cortico-basal degeneration was reported with special reference to the immunohistochemical study. A 59-year-old housewife noted tremor and clumsiness of her left hand. On the initial examination she showed the hyperreflexia of the upper extremities and jaw jerk, parkinsonian symptoms such as Myerson sign, parkinsonian gait and rigidity in the left arm. She showed pronounced forced grasping in the left hand. At the age of 60 she showed a WAIS scale with verbal IQ of 99 and performance below the scale. She could not copy hand postures. Tremor was aggravated by action or anxiety, more prominent on the left hand. There was some incoordination on the finger-nose testing of left arm and on the knee-heel testing of both legs. She also showed homolateral dyskinesia. She had a left Babinski sign and sensory testing was normal. A CT scan showed slightly enlarged ventricles (Fig. 1). At the age of 61 she could not understand simple requests and speak few words spontaneously, showing severe dysarthria. There were palilalia and motor impersistence. CT scan showed more widening of the lateral ventricles. At the age of 62, she had lingual dyskinesia and tapping on her upper lip provoked myoclonic jerk on her arms. She died of pneumonia at the age of 65 years, 6 years from the onset. The brain weighed 1190 g. There were bilateral old subdural hematomas on the right parietal and occipital lobe and the left parietal lobe. There was atrophy of frontal and superior parietal region.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Widespread tau abnormality in a case of cortico-basal degeneration]. 129 53

The neurologic states and activities of daily life of patients with Parkinson's disease were evaluated using a rating scale with subitems, and subsequently the neurologic disturbance scores and the daily activity impairment scores were obtained. Subjects consisted of 19 normal controls, and 55 ambulatory patients without marked dyskinesia who were on various anti-parkinsonian drugs. Blink reflex was elicited by paired electrical stimulation over the supraorbital nerve. The interval time between the conditioning stimulation and the test stimulation was set at 200 ms, and 5 serial ipsilateral maximal R2 amplitudes on the stimulated side were measured. The mean of the paired maximal R2 amplitude ratio (test/conditioning), expressed as a percentage, was defined as the habituation index. The habituation indices in normal controls and those with Parkinson's disease were 17.1 +/- 7.6 and 51.9 +/- 29.3, respectively (P less than 0.01). The degree of akinesia, rigidity, balance/gait and dysarthria was positively correlated with the habituation index (P less than 0.01), while tremor was not. On the whole the habituation index was found to have a significant correlation not only with the neurologic disturbance score but also with the daily activity impairment score (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:A correlation study between blink reflex habituation and clinical state in patients with Parkinson's disease. 156 13

Eight patients with medically refractory disabling essential tremor underwent ventralis lateralis (VL) thalamotomies; the procedure was unilateral in seven cases and bilateral (staged) in the other. Contralateral tremor remained absent or markedly reduced in all patients at the time of the most recent follow-up examinations, at a mean of 17.3 months after surgery. Disability was determined by a modified form of an established rating scale for tremor, and was reduced from a mean score of 21.1 (moderate grade) to 3.9 (absent grade) (p less than 0.001). Interestingly, voice tremor was abolished or significantly improved in 71.4% of patients with preoperative voice tremor. This feature has not been reported previously. Persistent surgical morbidity was limited to two patients with mild dysarthria and one with a mild cognitive impairment. There were no surgically related deaths. It is concluded that stereotactic VL thalamotomy is a treatment option for medically intractable disabling essential tremor.
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PMID:The symptomatic and functional outcome of stereotactic thalamotomy for medically intractable essential tremor. 158 25

A patient affected by low-frequency postural tremor of the trunk and limbs is reported. Apart from mild dysarthria and gait ataxia, no other neurological abnormalities were present. Cerebellar atrophy was demonstrated by means of magnetic resonance imaging. The tremor was associated with alternating activity in antagonistic muscles; it was triggered whenever a contraction of lumbar back extensor muscles occurred. Electrical stimulation of the cerebellum did not produce the normal suppression phases of motor responses evoked by a magnetic stimulation of the cerebral cortex.
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PMID:Postural axial tremor in a patient with cerebellar atrophy. 162 Jan 46

Two siblings, a 27-year-old man and his 24-year-old sister were diagnosed with classic transferase deficiency galactosemia at birth and were treated with strict lactose restriction. Despite well-documented dietary management, both siblings are mentally retarded and manifest a progressive neurologic condition characterized by hypotonia, hyperreflexia, dysarthria, ataxia, and a postural and kinetic tremor. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed moderate cortical atrophy, a complete lack of normal myelination, and multifocal areas of increased signal in the periventricular white matter on T2-weighting. These patients suggest that even with early diagnosis and treatment, individuals with galactosemia may have significant neurologic morbidity with abnormalities of white matter development. This finding raises the possibility of biochemical heterogeneity within the classic transferase deficiency group, as well as the possibility of a lack of available galactose metabolites necessary for glycolipid synthesis causing a disruption of normal myelin development.
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PMID:Neurologic complications in galactosemia. 162 20

A Japanese woman, aged 42, was admitted because of paroxysmal attacks consisting of paresthesia of the left face, tremor in the right hand, epigastric pain and urinary incontinence. A year prior to the admission, she noticed some difficulty in writing, dysarthria and unsteadiness of walking. These symptoms had been persistent since then. At the end of March, 1991, these symptoms rapidly worsened, and she fell down frequently. She also experienced pain behind both eyes, numbness in her left fingers and toe, urinary frequency and the above-mentioned attacks. Neurological examination disclosed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia and upbeating nystagmus on upward gaze, titubation in the head, scanning speech, dysmetria in all limbs, exaggerated reflexes in jaw and both legs, bilateral extensor plantar reflexes and ankle clonus. SEP showed delayed cortical response with stimulation of the median nerves bilaterally and of the right posterior tibial nerve. P40 was absent with the left posterior tibial nerve stimulation. VEP was normal. T2-weighted image of MRI showed multiple high intensity areas located around the third ventricle, crus cerebri and the right upper part of the pons. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was made. Each paroxysmal attack started with numbness in the left face and burning sensation in the neck. Almost simultaneously tremor in the right hand began. The surface EMG showed the rhythmic contractions in the dorsal hand muscles and wrist extensors at a frequency of 6-7 Hz, and sometimes it revealed synchronized contractions of finger flexors and the dorsal hand muscles. A few seconds later she felt painful sensation in the epigastric region, and the tremor gradually increased in its intensity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of multiple sclerosis with paroxysmal attacks of facial paresthesia, unilateral hand tremor, epigastric pain and urinary incontinence]. 162 36


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