Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of atypical lacunar syndrome (ALS) based on data collected from a prospective acute stroke registry. In total, 2500 acute stroke patients were included in a hospital based prospective stroke registry over a 12 year period, of whom 39 were identified as having ALS and radiologically proven (by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) lacunes. ALS accounted for 1.8% of all acute stroke patients, 2.1% of acute ischaemic stroke, and 6.8% of lacunar syndromes. ALS included dysarthria facial paresis (n = 12) or isolate dysarthria (n = 9), isolated hemiataxia (n = 4), pure motor hemiparesis with transient internuclear ophthalmoplegia (n = 4), pure motor hemiparesis with transient subcortical aphasia (n = 3), unilateral (n = 2) or bilateral (n = 3) paramedian thalamic infarct syndrome, and hemichorea hemiballismus (n = 2). Atypical lacunar syndromes were due to small vessel disease in 96% of patients. Atherothrombotic infarction occurred in one patient and cardioembolic infarct in another, both presenting pure dysarthria. Outcome was good (in hospital mortality 0%, symptom free at discharge 28.2%). After multivariate analysis, the variables of speech disturbances, nausea/vomiting, ischaemic heart disease, and sensory symptoms were found to be significantly associated with ALS. In conclusion, atypical lacunar syndrome is an infrequent stroke subtype (one of each 14 lacunar strokes). ALS occurred in 6.8% of lacunar strokes. Isolated dysarthria or dysarthria facial paresis were the most frequent presenting forms. The prognosis of this infrequent non-classic lacunar syndrome is good.
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PMID:Clinical study of 39 patients with atypical lacunar syndrome. 1648 49

A 51-year-old man developed sudden vertigo, right hearing loss and dysphagia. Examination revealed right Horner syndrome, spontaneous torsional-horizontal nystagmus, right central type facial palsy, dysarthria, reduced soft palate elevation without gag reflex, left hypesthesia, right dysmetria and imbalance. Audiometry and bithermal caloric tests documented right sensorineural hearing loss and canal paresis. Brain MRI and cerebral angiography documented right lateral medullary infarction from vertebral artery dissection, without involvement of other parts of the brainstem supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). This case suggests artery-to-artery embolism as a possible mechanism of isolated vertigo or hearing loss from labyrinthine infarction.
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PMID:Embolic internal auditory artery infarction from vertebral artery dissection. 1658 Jun 95

A case of 52-year-old female presented with dysarthria and paresis of right upper extremity 3 years after an operation and chemotherapy for uterine leiomyosarcoma. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an enhanced mass in the left corona radiata. Brain biopsy was carried out and pathological examination of the specimen showed features of a leiomyosarcoma. Uterine leiomyosarcoma is an uncommon tumor and its metastasis to the brain is rare. Only 13 other cases have been published. The patient underwent gamma-knife therapy and obtains good quality of life.
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PMID:[Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus metastatic to the brain]. 1661 23

35-year old patient was admitted to the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok because of paresis of his left upper limb, progressing over last 10 months and right facial nerve paresis, which started a month ago. During neurological examination he presented with right facial and arm paresis, dysarthric speech, obesity and hypertension. The patient was previously hospitalized in regional hospital, where a lumbar puncture was done revealing normal composition of cerebrospinal fluid. His brain CT revealed bilateral hypodensive areas in frontal and parietal regions of vasogenic character. Doppler ultrasound showed significant slowing of blood flow velocity in both internal carotid arteries. Brain angiography presented with very weak contrast filling of intracranial branches of carotid and vertebral arteries and showed stenosis at the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries and at the proximal portion of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. The patient had transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, Holter ECG, lab tests (routine lab tests plus coagulation system evaluation with C protein resistance test, anticardiolipne antibodies, antinuclear antibodies, anticytoplasmatic antibodies and thyroid hormones) checked--all tests were within normal range. Based on cerebral angiography and clinical symptoms, after excluding any other reasons of cerebral ischemia, the patient was diagnosed with moyamoya disease and arterial hypertension. The patient was treated pharmacologically with improvement--regression of face assymetry and dysarthria and diminishing of his right arm paresis. The authors of this paper pay attention to moyamoya disease as a rare reason of ischemic strokes in the young in our geographic region. They remind moyamoya disease diagnostic criteria, its etiology and treatment.
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PMID:[Moyamoya disease as a cause of ischemic cerebral stroke in young people]. 1744 85

Like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which a very defined population of neurons selectively degenerates. Muscular atrophy and central paresis develop in ALS patients relatively quickly--usually within months to a few years. Bulbar symptoms such as swallowing disorders and dysarthria are frequently observed in the beginning. The disease progresses steadily and without remission. The average length of survival after diagnosis is two to three years. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a characteristic group of symptoms and confirmed or substantiated through additional clinical neurological tests. Currently, the cause of the disease cannot be treated. Treatment concentrates primarily on symptomatic measures and providing supportive devices.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. 1772 75

We reported the case of a 77-year-old female who presented with left hypoglossal paresis and dysarthria due to a small cortical infarction. She was admitted to our hospital because of the sudden onset of dysarthria. A neurological examination revealed deviation of the tongue to the left and paretic dysarthria without motor paralysis in the extremities. Diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain revealed a slightly high signal intensity at the right precentral gyrus, indicating an acute brain infarction in the motor cortex. Carotid MR angiography revealed atherosclerotic changes seen at the right internal carotid artery, suggesting an atherothrombotic brain infarction with artery-to-artery embolism. The patient was discharged on the 17th day of hospitalization with slight left hypoglossal paresis. Isolated cranial nerve paresis is a rare symptom in stroke patients. Furthermore, in this patient, dysarthria in this case was more obvious than that of peripheral hypoglossal palsy. Recent electrophysiological has investigation indicates that the corticolingual tract plays a significant role in the presence of pure dysarthria in the stroke patients. This case indicate that cortical infarction in the primary motor cortex may produce isolated hypoglossal nerve paresis and dysarthria due to disruption of the corticolingual tract.
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PMID:[A small cortical infarction showing dysarthria and left hypoglossal paresis]. 1809 88

Takayasu arteritis is a rare vasculitis of the aorta and its branches. Neurological manifestation usually results from central nervous system ischaemia. We report a case presenting with unilateral paresis of the cranial nerves (V, IX and XII nerve) caused by a vascular conflict due to Takayasu arteritis. A 38-year-old male was admitted to the hospital complaining of dysarthria, dysphagia, numbness of the right side of the tongue and a headache localized behind the right eye. The symptoms had sudden onset. Neurological examination revealed isolated trigeminal, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerve dysfunction on the right side without other neurological symptoms. Magnetic resonance angiography showed internal carotid artery dissection and prominent thickening of walls of both vertebral arteries as well as the left renal artery with narrowing of lumen. Compression of glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves and the trigeminal ganglion was a result of a markedly dilated intracranial segment of the right carotid artery. The clinical and radiological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of Takayasu arteritis.
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PMID:[Compression neuropathy of cranial nerves in the course of Takayasu arteritis]. 1822 78

We report a rare case of multiple cranial nerve palsy associated with pregnancy, the cause of which remained to be clarified despite of extensive inspections. A 28-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes on insulin therapy developed left oculomotor nerve palsy in the fourth month of pregnancy. Her symptoms improved after one month's administration of vitamins B1 and B12. Numbness appeared in the left side of the face in the 8th month of pregnancy, and then moved to the right side in two weeks. Dysarthria and dysphagia occurred one month later. Bulbar symptoms were worsened, and she became unable to eat or drink. Neurological examination revealed disturbance of sensation in the right side of the face, soft palate paresis, and bilateral atrophy and fasciculation of the tongue. Extensive laboratory examinations including immunological and endocrinological studies, cerebrospinal fluid examination and brain magnetic resonance imaging were unremarkable. These symptoms remitted spontaneously after delivery, and the methylprednisolone pulse therapy accelerated the improvement. Neurological examination done one year after delivery showed complete recovery of the symptoms except for persistent tongue atrophy.
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PMID:[Recurrent multiple cranial nerve palsy in a gravida with type 1 diabetes, that remitted after delivery and with steroid therapy]. 1893 78

One week after a flu-like prodrome, an 18-month-old boy developed acute severe, symmetrical, painless weakness and wasting of the shoulder girdle and upper limbs, drooling, dysphagia, dysarthria, atrophy and fasciculations of the tongue. Milder paresis involved the mimic muscles and the neck extensors. The legs were intact with brisk reflexes. The flail immobile upper limbs produced the appearance that the boy was restrained in a narrow barrel. Electrodiagnostic findings suggested demyelinating motor neuropathy sparing the legs. CSF (45 days after onset) was normal. Initial recovery was observed but 70 days after onset the child suffered severe relapse and died from respiratory arrest. This is another rare case of the pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome in infancy with an unusual relapsing course leading to a fatal outcome.
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PMID:The "Child in the Barrel syndrome"--severe pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barre Syndrome in a toddler. 1956 2

A primary central nervous system vasculitis is an uncommon and invalidating disease, which has a fatal course if left untreated. We report a 63 year-old woman presenting with a history of two months of cognitive impairment, dysarthria, gait instability and tremor. After four months of evolution a right hemianopsia and a flaccid paresis of upper right limb appeared. A brain biopsy was performed and the histological findings confirmed the suspicion of primary cerebral vasculitis. The patient was treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisone, observing a partial recovery of cognitive and motor function.
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PMID:[Primary vasculitis of the central nervous system: report of one case]. 1974 83


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