Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 38-year-old man developed pain and peripheral-type weakness on the right side of his face and was discovered to have decreased hearing bilaterally, as well as optic nerve swelling on the right. The pain and optic nerve swelling subsided over a period of six weeks, but hearing loss and facial weakness persisted. Thirty months later, he developed dysphagia, ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, and progressive spastic quadriparesis. He died approximately four years after the onset of the illness. Although no evidence of disease was found other than in the central nervous system during life, two nodules in the right lower lung were found on autopsy. The examination of these nodules, as well as the brain stem, showed an angiocentric and angionecrotic process with lymphoreticular and plasmacytoid invasion.
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PMID:Lymphomatoid granulomatosis clinically confined to the CNS. A case report. 58 1

The course of Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is described in 22 patients in respect of the extent and duration of the disabilities. The average stay in hospital in the terminal phase in 20 patients followed to the time of their death was 6.6 months for men and 4.7 months for women. The total duration of the disease ranged from 11 to 45 months, with an average of 28.7 months for men and 22.2 months for women. Between the bulbar cervical lumbar and mixed forms of the disease at the onset there emerged no difference in average survival. On woman of 32 is still alive 10 years after the onset, and one after 2-1/2 years. The hospital staff were exposed over many months to the progressive deterioration in breathing, swallowing, posture and mobility, and emotional crises and dysarthria aggravated the problems of management. Pain was a feature in one-third of the patients. In the treatment, physiotherapy with the accent on passive movements was found helpful. Although formal occupational therapy was not accepted by half of the patients, it was important to talk to them frequently, and encourage any means of expression such as painting, writing or dictating diaries, poems or essays. The indications for gastrostomy feeding are discussed, and the problem is raised of assisted respiration in this disease.
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PMID:The problems of motor neurone disease. 125 10

Due to proliferation of the fatty tissue in the neck and depending on the degree of compression of the pharynx, larynx, vessels, nerve trunks the patients show, respiratory disorders, swallowing disturbances, dysarthria, stenocardia, neck and occipital pain, scalenus syndrome, cervicobrachialgia, posterior cervical sympathetic syndrome, disorders of the cerebral and spinal blood circulation. Involvement of both the central and peripheral nervous system are observed in Madelung's disease.
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PMID:[Nervous system involvement in Madelung's syndrome]. 144 91

We report a patient with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism associated with unilateral calcification of the basal ganglia and contralateral choreic movements. A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of involuntary movements of the left limbs. Two years before the present admission, she had operations for bilateral cataracts. Eight months before admission, she had an onset of severe carpal spasms and pain in both arms and legs. These symptoms improved after one month's rest in a hospital. About a month before admission, she noted progressive difficulty in using her left hand, followed by difficulty in walking due to the abnormal involuntary movement of the left lower limb. Two weeks before admission her carpal spasms appeared again, bilaterally. On admission, she was alert. The general physical examination was normal. Neurological examination revealed choreic movements in the left hand, arm, leg and neck, and grimacing of the left face. She also complained of the spasms and pain in her hands, dysarthria and shortness of the breath. Chvostek and Trousseau signs were positive. Laboratory examination revealed marked decrease in serum calcium level (2.57 mEq/ml) and increase in inorganic phosphorus level (6.40 mEq/ml). Serum level of parathyroid hormone was less than 10 pg/ml. Ellthworth-Howard test was positive, in that the infusion of parathyroid hormone (100 u) elicited a marked increment of the urinary excretions of phosphorus and cAMP. X-ray examination of the spine revealed ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical region. CT-scans of the brain revealed calcification in the region of right globus pallidus and putamen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Unilateral choreic movements in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism]. 152 May 67

A Japanese woman, aged 42, was admitted because of paroxysmal attacks consisting of paresthesia of the left face, tremor in the right hand, epigastric pain and urinary incontinence. A year prior to the admission, she noticed some difficulty in writing, dysarthria and unsteadiness of walking. These symptoms had been persistent since then. At the end of March, 1991, these symptoms rapidly worsened, and she fell down frequently. She also experienced pain behind both eyes, numbness in her left fingers and toe, urinary frequency and the above-mentioned attacks. Neurological examination disclosed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia and upbeating nystagmus on upward gaze, titubation in the head, scanning speech, dysmetria in all limbs, exaggerated reflexes in jaw and both legs, bilateral extensor plantar reflexes and ankle clonus. SEP showed delayed cortical response with stimulation of the median nerves bilaterally and of the right posterior tibial nerve. P40 was absent with the left posterior tibial nerve stimulation. VEP was normal. T2-weighted image of MRI showed multiple high intensity areas located around the third ventricle, crus cerebri and the right upper part of the pons. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was made. Each paroxysmal attack started with numbness in the left face and burning sensation in the neck. Almost simultaneously tremor in the right hand began. The surface EMG showed the rhythmic contractions in the dorsal hand muscles and wrist extensors at a frequency of 6-7 Hz, and sometimes it revealed synchronized contractions of finger flexors and the dorsal hand muscles. A few seconds later she felt painful sensation in the epigastric region, and the tremor gradually increased in its intensity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of multiple sclerosis with paroxysmal attacks of facial paresthesia, unilateral hand tremor, epigastric pain and urinary incontinence]. 162 36

In a 37-year-old female patient complaining of increasing pain in the neck and occiput, chiropractic manipulations at the cervical vertebral column were associated with ischaemias of the brain stem presenting as vertigo, transient "locked-in" syndrome followed by vomiting, and sensorimotor hemiparesis. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed complete obstruction of the right and slight dissection of the left vertebral artery. The symptoms receded within a few days after heparinisation with 1000 IU/h intravenously. A 39-year-old female patient developed vertigo, nystagmus, tetraparesis and dysarthria two days after chiropractic intervention because of refractory pain in the neck and occiput. DSA showed embolism of the basilar artery and extensive dissections of the vertebral arteries. The basilar artery was completely recanalized after local intraarterial fibrinolysis with 50,000 IU urokinase. During the further course of treatment the symptoms receded under heparin and phenprocoumon over a period of 8 months, except for hemiparesis on the left side especially affecting the arm. Trivial traumas can result in dissections of the vertebral arteries. Severe neck pain is a frequent, typical early symptom. Hence, patients with cervical vertebral column syndromes should receive chiropractic treatment only after careful diagnosis.
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PMID:[Dissections of the vertebral artery following cervical chiropractic manipulations]. 232 65

We reported a 71-year-old male with lateral medullary syndrome presented acute respiratory arrest after ataxic respiration. The patient had experienced transient diplopia repeatedly for about 2 weeks and then the developed persistent diplopia and vertigo. On the third day he was admitted to our hospital because of neurological deterioration and aspiration pneumonia. He showed left Horner's sign and double vision. And he had sensory disturbances of pain and temperature in the left face and the right side of the body, left limb ataxia and truncal ataxia. He showed dysarthria, severe dysphagia and left mild central facial paresis, but no hemiparesis. This case was clinically considered to be a typical case of left lateral medullary syndrome. When he was admitted to our hospital, he showed hypoxia with hypercapnea in spite of no history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This condition was considered to be a central alveolar hypoventilation. He had two episodes of sudden-onset respiratory arrest following ataxic respiration on the 4th and 5th days, but no cardiac arrest. He was supported his respiration by mechanical ventilation until he was able to breathe spontaneously on the 29th day. The 22nd day MRI disclosed high intensity area in the left lateral and dorso-medial medulla in T2-weighted image, and this lesion was 1.5 cm in length. Therefore this case was diagnosed medullary infarction. This case developed ipsilateral facial pain in chronic stage. Pain existed around the eye and in the cheek, and pain was like toothache and unbearable like thalamic pain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of medullary infarction presented lateral medullary syndrome and respiratory arrest after ataxic respiration]. 268 32

A stroke with a somewhat unusual neurologic formula was correlated with a small linear high-intensity T2 focus in the lateral tegmentum of the lower third of the pons. The clinical features included dysarthria, staggering gait, incoordination of handwriting, right facial weakness, nystagmus, ocular overshoot, right appendicular ataxia, and left-sided dissociated sensory loss for pain and temperature. Lacunar lesions of the tegmentum in the region of the pontomedullary junction, while not uncommon, have not been studied pathologically and have not been reported in the magnetic resonance imaging literature, to my knowledge.
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PMID:Lacunar infarct of the tegmentum of the lower lateral pons. 271 52

Dolichoectatic intracranial arteries (DIA) have been given several names, e.g. fusiform aneurysms, dolichomega-arteries. It is not an uncommon condition and it raises interesting points: 1) symptoms and signs result from compression (cranial nerve palsies; hydrocephalus) from ischemic or hemorrhagic episodes; 2) the diagnosis is made easier with CT since the arterial wall is often calcified; 3) the pathophysiology has long been assumed to be atherosclerotic in nature, but controversial assumptions are discussed; 4) associated arterial abnormalities are common: one of our cases and approximately half of the post mortem reported DIA were associated with aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Two cases are reported here: 1) A 56 y/o male presented with progressive gait disorder, deafness and ischemic episodes. CT showed DIA and hydrocephalus. DIA involved the basilar artery, both intracranial carotid arteries, the abdominal aorta and probably one renal artery. A ventriculo-atrial shunt was performed unsuccessfully. Post mortem findings are reported; 2) A 52 y/o male had suffered from trigeminal neuralgia for about one year and from trigeminal permanent pain for two weeks. He had developed left hemiparesis and dysarthria. DIA involved the basilar artery and the left intracranial internal carotid artery. The right internal carotid artery and the right vertebral artery were hypoplastic. Clinical, radiographical and pathophysiological features are reviewed.
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PMID:[Dolichoectatic intracranial arteries. Association with aneurysms of the abdominal aorta]. 305 65

A case of traumatic occlusion of the bilateral vertebral arteries associated with fracture of the cervical spine is reported. A 34-year-old man, having no previously noted medical problems, fell to the bottom of a bathtub with a depth of 80 cm, and hit the vertex fronto-parietal region of his head. He was transferred to our hospital 6 hours after his fall with a crush fracture of the cervical spine at the C6 level. On admission he was alert, but having pain in the vertex region, dysarthria, blurred vision and hemiparesis. Roentgenograms confirmed a crush fracture of the C6 vertebral body. Computed tomograms of the brain revealed a high density of basilar artery. Cervical traction with a Halo brace was then carried out. Twelve hours after the trauma, left oculomotor and right facial palsy appeared followed by bilateral oculomotor palsy and respiratory difficulty. At the 14th hour, he displayed bilateral Babinski's signs and tetraparesis. Tetraparesis became complete with right-side Horner's syndrome at 16 hours. Cerebral arteriograms performed 20 hours after the trauma showed a complete occlusion of the right vertebral artery and an incomplete occlusion of the left vertebral artery at the C6-7 intervertebral disk space. Conscious level deteriorated to a 200 level on the Japan coma scale 28 hours after the trauma and to a 300 level after 32 hours. Computed tomograms revealed a marked low density on the cerebellum and brain stem 38 hours after the accident. He expired on the 22nd day after the trauma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Traumatic occlusion of the bilateral vertebral arteries associated with fracture of the cervical spine--a case report]. 343 47


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