Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disease of insidious onset, characterized by weakness and fatigability of voluntary muscles. Most patients present with symptoms relating to the head and neck and thus may be seen first by the otolaryngologist. Predominant symptoms may be ocular (ptosis or diplopia) or related to fatigue of the oropharyngeal or laryngeal musculature (dysarthria, dysphonia, or dysphagia). Alleviation of muscular weakness and fatigability after administration of anticholinesterase drugs is pathognomonic of myasthenia gravis.
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PMID:The otolaryngologic presentation of myasthenia gravis. 44 37

The first autopsy of a case of multiple sclerosis from the District of Hokuriku was reported. The patient, a 50-year-old house-wife, born in Toyama Prefecture, had noticed a paresthesia of her face, fatigue, numbness and weakness in the right limbs, dimness of vision and gait disturbance at ave 44. Furthermore, in the course of the disease, she had suffered from visual disorder, tetraplegia, hyperreflexia, pyramidal signs and cerebellar syndroms such as dysarthria, nystagmus, intention tremor and ataxia. She also showed symptoms of euphoria and dementia. After a course of six years she died of bronchopneumonia. Remissions and exacerbations were noted four times during her clinical history. Histopathologically, there were many recent and old demyelinating lesions of varying sizes and shapes in all parts of the central nervous system, namely the cerebrum, brainstem, spinal cord and optic nerve. In contrast to the clinical symptoms, the cerebellum itself revealed less plaques than the other areas of the brain. According to the observed distributions of the lesions, our case can be classified as belonging to the optico-cerebro-spinal type in the Ikuta and Zimmerman classification. The demyelinated lesions were characterized by a perivenular distribution of the plaques, lack of tissue necrosis, paucity of inflammatory reaction and marked fibrous gliosis of varying degrees.
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PMID:First autopsy report of a multiple sclerosis case in Hokuriku District of Japan. 53 38

A thirty-two year old female had chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), exertional fatigue, dysarthria, dysphagia, and bilateral hearing impairment. Histochemical stains, obtained from the right vastus lateralis, showed ragged-red fibers and wide-spread abnormalities in the number, size, and the structure of mitochondria under electronomicroscopic examination. A biochemical analysis showed a low activity of NADH-cytochrome C reductase, NADH dehydrogenase and a normal activity of succinate cytochrome C reductase and cytochrome C oxidase. This data suggests a specific defect in the NADH dehydrogenase of complex I (NADH CoQ reductase). We believe that this is the first biochemically defined mitochondrial myopathy reported in Taiwan and provides additional evidence for the existence of biochemical heterogeneity in mitochondrial disorders of CPEO.
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PMID:Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with NADH-CoQ reductase deficiency: report of a case. 132 93

A 50-year-old man complained of lumbar pains, lack of energy, dysarthria and ataxic gait. Investigation revealed progressive anaemia (haemoglobin initially 10.5 g/dl, later 6.8 g/dl) and thrombocytopenia (initially 67,000/microliters, later 25,000/microliters). In addition he had unexplained pyrexia of up to 39.8 degrees C. Lactate dehydrogenase was 780 U/l and fragmented red cells were noted in the blood film. Because of suspicion of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, treatment with fresh plasma by infusion was immediately initiated. On the third day of treatment he developed left ventricular failure; auscultation revealed a blowing early diastolic murmur over Erb's point together with a spindle-shaped early diastolic murmur over the right second intercostal space. Computed tomography of the skull showed recent haemorrhage into the left half of the cerebellum and an older right posterior infarct. The abdominal ultrasound scan suggested a haemorrhagic spleen infarct. In view of these findings the diagnosis was revised to embolizing aortic endocarditis with aortic reflux (confirmed by colour Doppler echo-cardiography). Aortic valve replacement was performed immediately, and the patient was treated with gentamycin 80 mg/d and teicoplanin 400 mg/d for four weeks. Postoperatively he was given 12 units of platelet concentrate and the platelet count remained stable thereafter (greater than 100,000/microliters). Splenectomy became necessary because the splenic haematoma increased in size during oral anticoagulant therapy. After a 6 week hospital stay the patient was discharged in good condition.
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PMID:[Embolizing aortic valve endocarditis in the differential diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]. 153 83

Nineteen caisson workers had been exposed to metallic mercury vapours while digging tubes underneath the first district of Vienna (exposure between 470 and 2440 min; mean 1621 min). The blood mercury values on admission were between 29 and 166 micrograms/l (mean 75 +/- 34 micrograms/l). The main findings reported are clinical neurologic symptoms, psychic complaints, neurographic results and autonomic parameters (cardiovascular reflexes): 47% complained of headache and tiredness, 37% showed tremor and suffered from sleep disturbances, 26% showed hypersalivation, 16% changes in handwriting, and 11% slight dysarthria. The cardiovascular reflexes (autonomic parameters) were abnormal in 7 of 12 patients. On neurography the distal latency (median nerve) was pathologic in 47%, the distal latency (peroneal nerve) was pathologic in 26%, the antidromic sensory nerve conduction velocity (median nerve) was abnormal in 10%, the motor nerve conduction velocity, compound amplitude and vibratory threshold were normal.
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PMID:[Neurologic symptoms in inhalation poisoning with metallic mercury]. 340 53

A syndrome of dysarthria, clumsiness and abnormal ocular movements are described in a man and his 3 children. His father, who died when our patient was born, also had the same speech abnormality. Our patient also had multiple painful lipomas suggesting a probable diagnosis of adipositas dolorosa Dercum. Although he looked muscular he complained of muscular weakness and fatigue. Oral treatment with a local anesthetic, mexiletin, inhibited the pain in the lipomas. Analysis of the speech disorder in our patient and his children revealed disturbances in the coordination of jaws, larynx and tongue with a poor control of pitch and volume and impaired intelligibility. The poor fine coordination of hands, clumsiness when walking, dysarthria and disturbance of eye-movements could be due to a familial malformation in the pons or cerebellum. Computer tomography and X-ray of head were normal but the grooves on the surface of the cerebellum were more marked than usual.
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PMID:A syndrome with painful lipomas, familial dysarthria, abnormal eye-movements and clumsiness. 359 58

This communication concerns a 55 year old woman with a 5 year history of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) in whom a single external application of extremely low magnetic fields (MF) (7.5 picoTesla; 5 Hz frequency) of 20 minutes duration resulted in a rapid improvement in symptoms including vision, cerebellar symptomatology (ataxia and dysarthria), bladder functions, mood, sleep, cognitive functions and fatigue. Improvement in the patient's symptoms was associated with normalization of the pretreatment abnormal visual evoked potential (VEP) latencies within 24 hours after magnetic treatment. The rapid normalization of the VEP latencies suggests that recovery did not occur as a result of remyelination but probably was related to enhancement of neurotransmitter functions. MF have been shown to alter cellular calcium metabolism which may facilitate axonal conduction in demyelinating plaques. Furthermore, as MF affects the release of the pineal gland's principal hormone, melatonin, which influences the release of monoamines, it is also hypothesized that the effects of picoTesla MF in MS are partly mediated by the pineal gland which has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS (Sandyk, 1992 a).
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PMID:Rapid normalization of visual evoked potentials by picoTesla range magnetic fields in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. 781 17

The present communication concerns a 46 year old woman with a 10 year history of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) in whom external application of magnetic fields (MF) (7.5 picoTesla; 5 Hz) during a period of remission resulted in a rapid and dramatic improvement in symptoms including vision, cerebellar symptomatology (ataxia and dysarthria), mood, sleep, bowel and bladder functions as well as fatigue. Improvement in the patient's symptoms was associated with normalization of the pretreatment latencies of the visual evoked potentials and brainstem auditory evoked potential responses within a week after initiation of magnetic treatment. This report demonstrates that treatment with picoTesla MF is an effective, nonpharmacological modality in the management of MS and for the first time documents reversal of abnormal evoked potential responses by this treatment. The pineal gland is a magnetosensor. As MF affect the release of the pineal gland's principal hormone, melatonin, it is hypothesized that the effects of picoTesla MF in MS are partly mediated by the pineal gland which has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS (Sandyk, 1992 a; b).
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PMID:Magnetic fields normalize visual evoked potentials and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis. 806 29

Listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis has never been studied in a significant group of patients. We describe 14 adult cases who were seen over a 10-year period. A biphasic illness was characteristic: (1) prodromes (5-15 days) with malaise, fatigue, headache, nausea or vomiting, and fever; (2) cranial nerve palsy with facial palsy, diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, usually multiple. Meningism and hemi- or tetraparesis were present in 11 patients and cerebellar dysfunction in 9 patients. In 4 cases, CT showed widening of the brain stem with disappearance of the surrounding cisterns. The cerebrospinal fluid was abnormal in all patients in whom this investigation was done (pleocytosis, elevation in protein content). The patients received antibiotic therapy for 2-6 weeks. In the 9 patients who recovered, the neurological dysfunction improved within 2 days to 1 week of the initiation of therapy. There were 5 deaths. At autopsy in 2 cases, there was severe purulent meningitis and rhombencephalitis with predominantly polymorphonuclear cellular infiltration in 1 case, while numerous microabscesses in the midbrain, pons and medulla were observed in the other. We conclude that L. monocytogenes infection should be considered in patients who develop fever and focal neurological signs particularly localized to the brain stem.
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PMID:Early symptoms and outcome of Listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis: 14 adult cases. 849 12

A 39 year-old severely disabled woman with a 19 year history of chronic relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) began to experience improvement in symptoms within 24 hours after she received experimental treatment with picotesla electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Pattern reversal visual evoked potential (VEP) study obtained three weeks after the initiation of the first magnetic treatment showed a return to normal of the P100 latencies in each eye. The patient continued to receive 1-2 EMFs treatments per week and during the following 32 months she made a dramatic recovery with resolution of diplopia, blurring of vision, dysarthria, ataxia of gait, and bladder dysfunction as well as improvement in fatigue, heat tolerance, mood, sleep, libido, and cognitive functions. VEP studies, which were repeated in April of 1995 more than 2 1/2 years after the initiation of magnetic treatment, showed that P100 latencies remained normal in each eye providing objective documentation that continued application of these EMFs may sustain normal conduction in the damaged optic pathways over a long period of time. This is the first case report documenting the dramatic long term beneficial effects of treatment with picotesla range EMFs in a patient with MS.
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PMID:Long term beneficial effects of weak electromagnetic fields in multiple sclerosis. 874 48


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