Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two patients with disulfiram-(Antabuse-)induced encephalopathy exhibited paranoid ideas, disorientation, impaired memory, ataxia, dysarthria, snout and grasp reflexes, and abnormal electroencephalograms. The first patient developed symptoms on two occasions, each time after disulfiram administration. The second patient experienced a generalized seizure followed by fulminant psychosis three weeks after starting disulfiram therapy. Spinal fluid examination in the latter patient revealed a low homovanillic acid (HVA) level. Since disulfiram inhibits dopamine oxidation, disulfiram-induced encephalopathy may be related to excess dopaminergic activity in the central nervous system.
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PMID:Disulfiram-induced encephalopathy. 125 49

A 3-year-old, right-handed girl developed a conduction-type aphasia following a second generalized seizure in the setting of a developing abscess involving left subcortical and cortical angular gyrus and arcuate fasciculus, and the posterior corpus callosum. The language disorder was fluent, characterized by age appropriate mean length of utterance and syntax, but with markedly reduced spontaneity of output, rapid rate of speech and mild dysarthria. Comprehension was relatively, but not completely spared. Naming, repetition, and reading (letters) were initially markedly impaired. Improvements in naming and repetition were associated with both literal and semantic paraphasias. Writing skills in the form of drawing were spared, but a mild apraxia to verbal command and imitation was initially present. Despite her young age, this child's fluent conduction aphasia and lesion localization were adult-like. Multimodal memory difficulties appeared to underlie what is best described as conduction aphasia.
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PMID:Conduction aphasia in a 3-year-old with a left posterior cortical/subcortical abscess. 957 Aug 80

We report a 66-year-old woman with Hashimoto's encephalopathy who showed rapidly developing cognitive deficits, inactivity, and gait disturbance without involuntary movements or convulsions. She had had right-sided hemiparesis and dysarthria caused by a lacunar infarction and had been admitted to our hospital for 2 weeks. Although the dysarthria and hemiparesis gradually improved, difficulty in walking, disorientation, and drowsiness developed 2 months after discharge. Upon readmission, the patient was alert but apathetic and sometimes sleepy. The right upper and lower limbs showed mild weakness, which was considered to be due to the previous infarction. Cerebrospinal fluid showed mild elevation of protein without pleocytosis. An electroencephalogram was normal, and a magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed only the old lacunar infarction. Titers of antithyroglobulin antibodies and levels of thyroid stimulating hormone in serum were elevated. We made a diagnosis of Hashimoto's encephalopathy and treated the patient with high-dose corticosteroids. Within 1 week, her mental status improved and she was able to walk. Generalized seizure, myoclonus, and tremor, which are characteristic of Hashimoto's encephalopathy, never developed. The findings in this patient suggest that Hashimoto's encephalopathy, a treatable condition, should be included in the differential diagnosis of dementia.
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PMID:[A patient with Hashimoto's encephalopathy showing subacute global cognitive dysfunction]. 1450 57

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the viral pathogen responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic respiratory illness. While many patients experience mild to moderate symptoms, severely affected patients often progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Specific to COVID-19, abnormal coagulability appears to be a principal instigator in the progression of disease severity and mortality. In this report we summarize a case of COVID-19 in which extreme thrombophilia led to patient demise. CASE REPORT A 67-year-old man in New York presented to the hospital 14 days after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 at an outpatient site. His initial presenting symptoms included sore throat, headache, fever, and diarrhea. He was brought in by his wife after developing sudden onset confusion and dysarthria. The patient's clinical picture, which was unstable on presentation, further deteriorated to involve significant desaturations, generalized seizure activity, and cardiac arrest requiring resuscitation. Upon return to spontaneous circulation, the patient required intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor increases. Comprehensive workup uncovered coagulopathy with multiple thrombotic events involving the brain and lungs as well as radiographic evidence of severe lung disease. In the face of an unfavorable clinical picture, the family opted for comfort care measures. CONCLUSIONS In this case report on a 67-year-old-man with COVID-19, we present an account of extreme hypercoagulability that led to multiple thrombotic events eventually resulting in the man's demise. Abnormal coagulation 14 days from positive testing raises the question of whether outpatients with COVID-19 should be screened for hypercoagulability and treated with prophylactic anticoagulation/antiplatelet agents.
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PMID:Multiple Thrombotic Events in a 67-Year-Old Man 2 Weeks After Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report. 3269 98