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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently, cerebral amyloid angiopathy is stressed as an unusual and infrequent cause of cerebral infarct or intracerebral hemorrhage. This report described a case of cerebral amyloid angiopathy complicated by multiple cerebral infarcts and multiple intracerebral hemorrhages. This 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on November 10, 1984 for evaluation of the gradual onset of dysarthria. Examination showed only slight dysarthria. There was no history of hypertension or dementia. A computed tomography (CT) showed enlarged ventricles with cortical atrophy and multiple low-density lesions, deep in the left frontal, left parietal, right parietal lobes, and in the both basal ganglias. The patient discharged from the hospital with only slight dysarthria. On November 20, 1984, he was admitted to our hospital again, because he was found unresponsive on the floor. He was somnolent but arousable. Examination showed disorientation, impairment of recent memory and impairment of calculation, A CT scan demonstrated three small intracerebral hemorrhages in the left frontal, right parietal lobes and left basal ganglia. On the fifth hospital day he deteriorated acutely, becoming semicomatose and hemiparetic on the right side. A repeated CT scan showed two new intracerebral hemorrhages in the left frontal lobe. Cerebral angiograms showed only minimal changes due to the occupying lesions in the above mentioned area. The hematomas was evacuated via left fronto-parietal craniotomy. The specimens removed with hematoma (stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Congo red and thioflavin T) showed extensive amyloid angiopathy. Postoperatively he made a good recovery, although he had residual mental dysfunctions. He expired by pneumonia on March 30, 1985.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cerebral amyloid angiopathy complicated by multiple cerebral infarcts and intracerebral hemorrhages: case report]. 361 33

Acute spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage presenting with ataxia, dysarthria, vomiting, dizziness, and coma is commonly the result of hypertension. Early diagnosis is possible, and appropriate treatment, if timely executed, may be lifesaving.
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PMID:Acute spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage. 373 46

Five cases with a sudden onset of dysarthria in the setting of hypertension are presented. No case had limb weakness or other neurological deficits. Computed tomographic scan demonstrated a small low density lesion in the anterior part of the internal capsule or the adjacent corona radiata. All cases showed a good recovery from dysarthria within two to four weeks.
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PMID:Pure dysarthria due to anterior internal capsule and/or corona radiata infarction: a report of five cases. 380 21

A case of primary pontine hemorrhage of the young was reported. He was 22 years of age, who did not have the history of hypertension. He suddenly noticed disturbance of skilled act of his right hand and speech disturbance. He was admitted to our clinic two days after the onset. Neurological examination revealed right facial palsy, disturbance of delicate movement of his right hand and slight dysarthria. Lumbar puncture, after six days from the onset, yielded watery clear cerebrospinal fluid containing 6/3 cells/mm3, 27 mg/dl of protein and 65.1 mg/dl of sugar. An opening pressure was 75 mmH2O. The vertebral angiography revealed no evidence of mass lesion and vascular anomalies. CT scan demonstrated a pontine hematoma, the size of this hematoma sequentially enlarged in follow-up CT scan. His clinical symptoms were gradually aggravated, i.e. cerebellar sign, urinary disturbance and involuntary movement. Conservative therapy was performed and his symptoms gradually improved. The size of hematoma was reduced in follow-up CT scan. The genesis, diagnosis and treatment of primary pontine hemorrhage of the young were discussed.
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PMID:[Follow-up of primary pontine hemorrhage of the young adult by CT scan]. 398 90

A 76 year-old woman visited our university hospital with a complaints of dysphagia of 3 months duration and was discovered to have a right internal carotid aneurysm protruding to the right side of the larynx. A day prior to admission, dysarthria and left hemiparesis occurred with sudden onset. These ischemic attacks spontaneously remitted within 48 hours. A carotid arteriogram showed a saccular aneurysm located high in the right internal carotid artery. Four days after admission, aneurysmectomy with end-to-end anastomosis was carried out with the temporary internal shunt under the induced hypertension. There was no sign of ischemic brain damage after the operation. But she suffered from dysphagia due to the NO. 9, 10, and 12 cerebral nerve palsies, which took 5 months to recover completely. Despite several difficulties in the operation for a highly located internal carotid aneurysm, we emphasize in this report the necessity of aneurysmectomy and the establishment of vascular continuity with the aid of internal shunt to prevent the ischemic brain damage.
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PMID:[Successful surgical management of extracranial high internal carotid aneurysm. A case report]. 403 28

Blood concentrations and clinical findings in 25 cases of overdose involving chlordiazepoxide (CDZ) alone ("pure") were compared with those in 23 cases of overdose involving ethanol in addition to CDZ ("mixed"). Both groups consisted predominantly of men who were chronic alcoholics. The mean blood CDZ concentrations did not show statistically significant difference between the two groups ("pure," 5 mg/L; "mixed," 6 mg/L). Following "pure" ingestion, patients were usually alert, and the level of consciousness showed no statistically significant correlation with the blood CDZ concentration. In contrast, after "mixed" ingestion patients were usually lethargic, and the level of consciousness correlated significantly with the blood CDZ concentration (P less than 0.05) but not with the blood ethanol concentration. In neither group was coma noted. For both groups the most common physical findings were tachycardia and dysarthria. Nystagmus was much more common following "mixed" ingestion while seizures, hyperreflexia, and hypertension were more frequent after CDZ overdose alone. Most patients were seen only in the emergency room and were discharged. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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PMID:Blood concentrations and clinical findings following overdose of chlordiazepoxide alone and chlordiazepoxide plus ethanol. 653 Jul 1

A patient with chronic hypertension presented clinically with the dysarthria--clumsy hand syndrome. A CT scan demonstrated putaminal hemorrhage sparing the internal capsule. This case provides additional evidence that lacunar syndromes may not be due to lacunar infarction. The localization of dysarthria--clumsy hand appears similar to that of ataxic hemiparesis.
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PMID:Putaminal hemorrhage presenting as dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome. 654 36

Sixty-five cases of clinically diagnosed multiple lacunar state have been analysed. The clinical course of multiple lacunar state is usually progressive in nature, simulating degenerative diseases, in contrast with the mode of acute onset seen in the other vascular diseases. Average age at the initial visit was 63.8 year-old, and sex ratio showed marked male preponderance, being 12 for males and 1 for females. Gait disturbance and speech disturbance are the most frequent initial symptoms, followed by slow motion, emotional lability and swallowing difficulty. Neurological manifestations are dysarthria, short-stepped and apraxic gait, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski and Chaddock reflexes, minimal spasticity, dementia, positive palmo-mental reflex, emotional lability, fixed face, rigidity, bradykinesia, foot grasping, dysphagia, positive Myerson's sign and tremor, in the order described. The important point is that the rigidity is paratonic and the tremor is action or postural, not the cogwheel rigidity or resting tremor like Parkinson's disease. The appearance of pathological reflexes (Babinski and Chaddock reflexes) are quite important, especially Chaddock reflex, which can frequently become positive despite negative or equivocal Babinski reflex. Hypertension, especially longstanding in nature, is the major contributing factor in this disorder. CT scan showed the presence of one or more lacunes in 52 out of 65 cases (80.0%). The detection of lacune can be influenced by the quality of CT scan, and the high resolution CT scanner is greatly useful for that purpose. It is stressed that the detailed neurological and computed tomographic evaluations will make it possible to reach the clinical diagnosis and appropriate treatment of multiple lacunar state.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on multiple lacunar state]. 674 15

Complications from mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs are rare compared with their extensive use. Adverse effects are often related to dosage or other factors. The ocular complications include increased intraocular pressure, pigmentation of the conjunctiva and cornea, pigment in the anterior chamber, lacrimal duct blockage, macular edema, corneal endothelium damage, hyperemia, allergy, discomfort, and blurred vision. The systemic complications are those common to sympathomimetic and parasympatholytic drugs and include tachycardia, hypertension, headache, faintness. pallor, trembling, excessive sweating, palpitations, arrhythmias, confusion, hallucinations, drowsiness, ataxia, flushed skin, high fever, dysarthria, thirst, dry mouth, convulsions, disorientation, nervousness, coma, and death. An understanding of all possible side effects is of paramount importance to those using these drugs in the treatment of anticholinesterase poisoning. This review is intended as a ready reference to the adverse effects of mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs.
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PMID:Mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs: a review of ocular and systemic complications. 703 29

The diagnosis of subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy of Binswanger should be confirmed neuropathologically by postmortem examination. But we expect that it may be possible to diagnose provisionally as Binswanger's disease on the basis of clinical course and findings including computed tomography. Two cases, 57 years old postman (case 1) and 60 years old housewife (case 2) were reported. They had hypertension for over 20 years in their past history and showed a progressive dementia since before one year and 9 years. Transient syncopal attack and epileptiform seizure revealed occasionally. Psychiatrically either of them were apathetic, aspontaneous and autistic. One of them (case 2) showed a striking paranoid-hallucinatory state. Spastic gait disturbance and dysarthria are found neurologically, and moreover in case 1 revealed the incontinence of urine and feces. Arteriosclerotic changes were seen in the fundi. The EEG showed a slow alpha rhythm with scattered theta- and delta-waves. Laboratory data of blood, urine and CSF were normal. On the basis of these clinical course and findings the diagnosis of Binswanger's type of cerebral arteriosclerosis were suspected. The CT-scan of 2 cases proved a symmetrical enlargement of the lateral ventricles and marginated areas of definite abnormal low density in the white matter of the occipital (case 1) and frontal (case 1 and 2) lobes. Conclusively we may provisionally diagnosed our two cases as Binswanger's disease, also supported by the findings of CT.
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PMID:[Two clinical cases diagnosed provisionally as Binswanger type of vascular dementia--on possibility to its clinical recognition from neuropsychiatric findings and computed tomography (author's transl)]. 725 7


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