Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This case study presents a ten-year speech treatment history of a young adult Wilson's disease patient in whom a severe dysarthria persisted despite drug and dietry controls. The patient was initially classified as "100% disabled" and was compensated because of his severe communication disorder. As he progressed, he ultimately secured full-time employment (involving verbal communication) which affords him economic independence. One aspect of therapy that played a critical role in the transfer of intelligible speech to situations outside the clinical setting was the use of a protocol for systematic client self-evaluation and for systematic elicitation and use of listener feedback. Methods that may prove helpful in the study of intelligibility maintenance in other dysarthric clients are presented. This report suggests that in some instances long-term therapy for dysarthria is both beneficial and economically justifiable.
 ...
PMID:Ten-year study of a Wilson's disease dysarthric. 359 21

Acoustic data are provided in order to facilitate evaluation of the speech of adult patients with prosody disorders such as dysarthria. Forty French-speaking subjects between 45 and 75 years of age, with neither neurological disease nor a communication disorder, were grouped on the basis of sex and age. Subjects were required to produce four series of 20 matched interrogative and declarative sentences. Their productions were recorded and analyzed with an IBM Speech Viewer. Measures of fundamental frequency, of variation in fundamental frequency, of rate over the entire sentence, as well as a measure of intonation (defined as the difference in fundamental frequency between the last syllable of matched declarative and interrogative sentences) are reported in tables for clinical use. These data provide information for the evaluation of the prosody of French-speaking persons.
 ...
PMID:[Values of certain prosodic parameters obtain with French-speaking probands without communication problems]. 772 80

Communication impairments, with or without a swallowing disorder, are common among older adults. Aphasia, which is usually caused by a focal lesion, can affect spoken and written language, auditory comprehension, and reading ability but by itself does not affect intellectual and cognitive abilities. A cognitive-communicative impairment is related to underlying cognitive deficits in memory, attention, or visual perception and is seen with traumatic brain injury and nontreatable dementia. Voice and speech impairments such as dysarthria and apraxia of speech may lead to self-imposed social isolation and depression. Dysphagia may accompany a communication disorder or exist independently. As a primary care physician, your in-office workup can help diagnose a communication disorder and identify candidates for referral to an otolaryngologist and/or speech-language pathologist.
 ...
PMID:Communication disorders: what to look for, and when to refer. 800 59

Few studies were made on the intrinsic and co-intrinsic vowel characteristics in neurologic dysarthrias. This work evaluates these parameters in a group of 4 subjects with cerebellar dysarthria suffering from a cerebellar degenerative syndrome and a group of 4 subjects with Parkinson disease suffering from parkinsonian dysarthria. These subjects were compared with 10 control subjects. An intensive speech treatment inspired from the Lee Silverman voice treatment (LSVT) was applied to one of the parkinsonian subjects of the study, with assessment before and after rehabilitation. The acoustic measures assessed the duration and the frequency of the vowels [a, i, ul indifferent contexts as well as their formant frequency and sentence duration. The results show different impairments according to the type of the dysarthria, and some forms of contrast transposition. Speech therapy restores subnormal contrasts.
 ...
PMID:[Intrinsic and co-intrinsic vowel characteristics in cerebellar and parkinsonian dysarthrias]. 1277 65

Regardless of the underlying neuromotor impairment, an almost universal consequence of dysarthria is a reduction in speech intelligibility. The purpose of this article is to examine critically and to discuss issues related directly to speech intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria. Reduced speech intelligibility resulting from dysarthria is examined using the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) conceptual framework. We propose that the ICF conceptual framework facilitates an awareness of the multidimensional nature of disablement. Furthermore, the ICF facilitates a broad understanding of the complex nature of dysarthria, ranging from the neuroanatomical and physiological substrates contributing to reduced speech intelligibility, to the effects of this type of communication disorder on an individual's functioning in society and beyond. Finally, a case example is presented that describes how the ICF can be applied to an individual with dysarthria and reduced speech intelligibility.
 ...
PMID:Application of the ICF in reduced speech intelligibility in dysarthria. 1793 15

Communication disorder is common in Koolen de Vries syndrome (KdVS), yet its specific symptomatology has not been examined, limiting prognostic counselling and application of targeted therapies. Here we examine the communication phenotype associated with KdVS. Twenty-nine participants (12 males, 4 with KANSL1 variants, 25 with 17q21.31 microdeletion), aged 1.0-27.0 years were assessed for oral-motor, speech, language, literacy, and social functioning. Early history included hypotonia and feeding difficulties. Speech and language development was delayed and atypical from onset of first words (2; 5-3; 5 years of age on average). Speech was characterised by apraxia (100%) and dysarthria (93%), with stuttering in some (17%). Speech therapy and multi-modal communication (e.g., sign-language) was critical in preschool. Receptive and expressive language abilities were typically commensurate (79%), both being severely affected relative to peers. Children were sociable with a desire to communicate, although some (36%) had pragmatic impairments in domains, where higher-level language was required. A common phenotype was identified, including an overriding 'double hit' of oral hypotonia and apraxia in infancy and preschool, associated with severely delayed speech development. Remarkably however, speech prognosis was positive; apraxia resolved, and although dysarthria persisted, children were intelligible by mid-to-late childhood. In contrast, language and literacy deficits persisted, and pragmatic deficits were apparent. Children with KdVS require early, intensive, speech motor and language therapy, with targeted literacy and social language interventions as developmentally appropriate. Greater understanding of the linguistic phenotype may help unravel the relevance of KANSL1 to child speech and language development.
 ...
PMID:Early speech development in Koolen de Vries syndrome limited by oral praxis and hypotonia. 2922 39